Foreign relations of the Republic of the Congo

For the two decades preceding the Republic of the Congo's 1991 National Conference, the country was firmly in the socialist camp, allied principally with the Soviet Union and other Eastern bloc nations. Educational, economic, and foreign aid links between Congo and its Eastern bloc allies were extensive, with the Congolese military and security forces receiving significant Soviet, East German, and Cuban assistance.

After the worldwide dissolution of the Soviet Union and Congo's adoption of multi-party democracy in 1991, Congo's bilateral relations with its former socialist allies have become relatively less important. France is now by far Congo's principal external partner, contributing significant amounts of economic assistance, while playing a highly influential role.

Congo-Brazzaville is also a member of the International Criminal Court with a Bilateral Immunity Agreement of protection for the US-military.

Membership in international organizations includes the United Nations, Organisation of African Unity, African Development Bank, General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), Economic Commission for Central African States, Central African Customs and Economic Union, International Coffee Organization, Union of Central African States, Intelsat, International Criminal Police Organization - Interpol, Non-Aligned Movement, and Group of 77.

Disputes - international: most of the Congo River boundary with the Democratic Republic of the Congo is indefinite (no agreement has been reached on the division of the river or its islands, except in the Pool Malebo (Stanley Pool) area.

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which the Republic of the Congo maintains diplomatic relations with:

#	Country	Date
1	Germany	15 August 1960 [1]
2	United Kingdom	15 August 1960 [2]
3	United States	15 August 1960 [3]
4	France	16 August 1960 [4]
5	Japan	18 August 1960 [5]
6	Israel	9 November 1960 [6]
7	Belgium	15 April 1961 [7]
8	Netherlands	3 August 1961 [8]
9	South Korea	21 August 1961 [9]
10	Tunisia	1961 [10]
11	Canada	February 1962 [11]
12	Cameroon	26 November 1962 [12] [13]
13	Central African Republic	26 November 1962 [14]
14	Sweden	27 September 1962 [15]
15	Gabon	November 1962 [16]
16	Chad	13 February 1963 [17]
—	Holy See	16 February 1963 [18]
17	Mali	20 February 1963 [19]
18	Algeria	4 January 1964 [20]
19	Ghana	8 February 1964 [21]
20	China	22 February 1964 [22]
21	Russia	16 March 1964 [23]
22	Czech Republic	23 March 1964 [24]
23	Serbia	28 March 1964 [25]
24	Switzerland	21 April 1964 [26]
25	Cuba	10 May 1964 [27]
26	Vietnam	16 July 1964 [28]
27	Egypt	28 July 1964 [29]
28	North Korea	24 December 1964 [30]
29	Bulgaria	31 December 1964 [31]
30	Uganda	1964 [32]
31	Nigeria	23 February 1965 [33]
32	Italy	20 April 1965 [34]
33	Democratic Republic of the Congo	5 November 1965 [35] [36]
34	Romania	21 August 1966 [37]
35	Mongolia	31 December 1966 [38]
36	Finland	22 March 1967 [39]
37	Norway	23 May 1967 [40]
38	Denmark	10 June 1967 [41]
39	Luxembourg	10 June 1967 [41]
40	India	26 August 1967 [42]
41	Ethiopia	1967 [43]
42	Greece	13 May 1968 [44]
43	Albania	23 June 1968 [45]
44	Guinea	1 July 1968 [46]
45	Senegal	9 April 1969 [47]
46	Hungary	14 February 1970 [48]
47	Sudan	November 1970 [49]
48	Mauritania	1970 [50]
49	Equatorial Guinea	12 July 1971 [51]
50	Chile	1 June 1972 [52]
51	Spain	7 December 1972 [53]
52	Poland	19 December 1972 [54]
53	Zambia	12 January 1973 [55]
54	Libya	7 April 1973 [56]
55	Portugal	25 January 1975 [57]
56	Mozambique	25 June 1975 [58]
57	Peru	12 July 1975 [59]
58	Pakistan	1975 [60]
59	Yemen	25 March 1976 [61]
60	Angola	25 July 1976 [62]
61	Syria	10 February 1977 [63]
62	Cape Verde	1977 [64]
63	Austria	12 July 1978 [65]
64	Benin	9 September 1978 [66]
65	Liberia	10 August 1979 [67]
66	Jamaica	6 September 1979 [68]
67	Nicaragua	12 September 1979 [69]
68	Morocco	1979 [70]
69	Argentina	2 January 1980 [71]
70	Ecuador	12 February 1980 [72]
71	Brazil	4 March 1980 [71]
72	Burundi	21 December 1980 [73]
73	Tanzania	22 October 1981 [74]
74	Turkey	9 November 1981 [75]
75	Rwanda	17 August 1982 [76]
76	Grenada	1 September 1983 [77]
77	Togo	6 August 1984 [78]
78	Djibouti	February 1985 [79]
79	Iran	25 November 1986 [80]
80	Uruguay	22 September 1987 [81]
81	Thailand	25 August 1988 [82]
—	State of Palestine	6 April 1989 [83]
82	Namibia	23 March 1990 [84]
83	Mexico	1990 [85]
—	Sovereign Military Order of Malta	1992 [86]
84	South Africa	22 March 1993 [87]
85	Slovakia	30 June 1998 [88]
86	Saudi Arabia	1 February 1999 [89]
87	Ukraine	3 June 1999 [71]
88	Bahrain	9 June 1999 [90]
89	Colombia	1 July 1999 [71]
90	Kazakhstan	21 September 1999 [71]
91	Philippines	19 January 2000 [71]
92	Qatar	25 April 2000 [71]
93	Brunei	15 May 2000 [71]
94	Cambodia	13 September 2000 [91]
95	Kuwait	31 October 2000 [92]
96	North Macedonia	7 February 2001 [93]
97	Singapore	8 February 2001 [71]
98	Lebanon	12 April 2001 [94]
99	Malaysia	2001 [95]
100	Belarus	11 February 2002 [96]
101	Iceland	15 December 2004 [71]
102	Indonesia	2004 [97]
103	Lithuania	5 December 2005 [71]
104	Venezuela	6 April 2006 [71]
105	Estonia	26 April 2006 [98]
106	Timor-Leste	7 November 2006 [71]
107	Botswana	9 November 2006 [71]
108	Armenia	15 March 2007 [71]
109	Paraguay	23 March 2007 [99]
110	Slovenia	19 April 2007 [71]
111	Croatia	10 May 2007 [100]
112	United Arab Emirates	21 May 2007 [101]
113	Costa Rica	4 September 2007 [71]
114	Ireland	Before April 2008 [102]
115	Australia	7 May 2009 [71]
116	Montenegro	1 February 2011 [71]
117	Malta	14 February 2011 [71]
118	Bosnia and Herzegovina	23 February 2011 [71]
119	Georgia	3 March 2011 [71]
120	Fiji	11 May 2011 [71]
121	Mauritius	6 July 2011 [71]
122	Sri Lanka	1 February 2012 [103]
123	Solomon Islands	6 March 2012 [71]
124	Tuvalu	27 April 2012 [71]
125	Kenya	28 August 2012 [104]
126	Latvia	26 September 2013 [71]
127	Monaco	27 February 2014 [105]
128	Zimbabwe	27 March 2014 [106]
129	Madagascar	17 September 2014 [107]
130	Kyrgyzstan	3 February 2016 [108]
131	Tajikistan	13 June 2017 [109]
132	Azerbaijan	19 March 2018 [110]
133	Maldives	20 April 2018 [71]
134	San Marino	12 December 2018 [111]
135	Bangladesh	12 March 2019 [112]
136	Laos	29 August 2019 [113]
137	Dominican Republic	16 October 2019 [114]
138	Turkmenistan	21 May 2021 [115]
139	Guinea-Bissau	26 November 2021 [116]
140	Jordan	5 December 2021 [117]
141	Andorra	24 February 2022 [118]
142	Gambia	17 June 2022 [119]
143	Malawi	18 October 2022 [120]
144	Comoros	3 February 2023 [121]
145	Burkina Faso	Unknown
146	Eswatini	Unknown
147	Iraq	Unknown
148	Ivory Coast	Unknown
149	Niger	Unknown
150	São Tomé and Príncipe	Unknown [122]

Bilateral relations

Country	Formal relations began	Notes
Canada	February 1962	Both countries established diplomatic relations in February 1962 [11] Canada is accredited to the Republic of the Congo from its embassy in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. [123] Republic of the Congo is accredited to Canada from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States. [124]
China	22 February 1964	See China-Republic of the Congo relations On February 22, 1964, China established diplomatic relations with the Republic of Congo. [22]
Finland	22 March 1967	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 March 1967 [125] See Finland-Republic of the Congo relations
France	16 August 1960	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 August 1960 [4] Republic of the Congo has an embassy in Paris. France has an embassy in Brazzaville and a consulate-general in Pointe-Noire. [126]
India	26 August 1967	See Republic of Congo–India relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 August 1967. [42] India maintains an embassy in Brazzaville since 2021. [127] Republic of the Congo maintains an embassy in New Delhi. [128]
Israel	9 November 1960	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 November 1960 when Ram Yaron was appointed first Israel ambassador at Brazzaville. [6] But Congo severance diplomatic relations with Israel on 31 December 1972. [129] Diplomatic relations were restored between them on 14 July 1991. [130]
Mexico	1990	Both countries estabblished diplomatic relations in 1990 Republic of the Congo is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States. [124] Mexico is accredited to the Republic of the Congo from its embassy in Abuja, Nigeria [131]
Namibia	23 March 1990	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 March 1990 [84] Congo has an embassy in Windhoek. Namibia has an embassy in Brazzaville.
Poland	19 December 1972	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 December 1972 [54] See Poland-Republic of the Congo relations
Portugal	25 May 1961	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 May 1961 when first Ambassador of Portugal with residence in Brazzaville Mr. Gonçalo Correia Caldeira Coelho presented his credentials, but 17 August 1965 Congo severing diplomatic relations with Portugal. Diplomatic ties re-established on 25 January 1975 [57]
Russia	16 March 1964	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 March 1964 [23] The Republic of the Congo has no embassy in Moscow. Russia has an embassy in Brazzaville.
Senegal	9 April 1969	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 April 1969 when Ambassador of Senegal to Congo (Brazzaville) (resident in Kinshasa) Mr. Mademba Sy presented his credentials to Head of State Major Marien Ngouabi [47]
South Korea	21 August 1961	The diplomatic relations between the South Korea and the Republic of the Congo were established on 21 August 1961. [9] Bilateral trade in 2011 totalled $52,940,000 exports, and $78,100,000 imports. The Congo was a major oil exporter to Korea. [132]
Tanzania	22 October 1981	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 October 1981 when Ambassador of Tanzania to Congo Mme. Tato Nuru presented his letters of credentials to President of Congo Denis Sassou Nguesso. [74]
Togo	1968	The two countries maintain diplomatic relations and Togolese President Faure Gnassingbé visited the Republic of the Congo in November 2023 meeting President Denis Sassou Nguesso. [133]
Turkey	9 November 1981	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 November 1981 [75] Congo has an embassy in Ankara. [134] Turkey has an embassy in Brazzaville. [134] Trade volume between the two countries was 57.25 million USD in 2019 (Turkish exports/imports: 1.47/55.8 million USD). [134]
United Kingdom	1960	See Foreign relations of the United Kingdom The Congo established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 9 December 1960. The Republic of the Congo maintains an embassy in London. [135] The United Kingdom is not accredited to the Republic of the Congo through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its embassy in Kinshasa, DR Congo. [136] Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact, [137] the International Criminal Court, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement. [138]
United States	15 August 1960	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 August 1960 [3] See Republic of the Congo-United States relations Diplomatic relations between the United States and Congo were broken during the most radical Congolese-Marxist period, 1965–77. The U.S. Embassy reopened in 1977 with the restoration of relations, which remained distant until the end of the socialist era. The late 1980s were marked by a progressive warming of Congolese relations with Western countries, including the United States. Congolese President Denis Sassou-Nguesso made a state visit to Washington in 1990, where he was received by President George H. W. Bush. Republic of the Congo has an embassy in Washington, D.C. [124] United States has an embassy in Brazzaville. [139]
Zambia	12 January 1973	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 January 1973 when the first Zambian Ambassador to the Congo People's Republic (resident in Kinshasa), M. Chalikulima, presented his credentials to President Ngouabi [55]

See also

• List of diplomatic missions in the Republic of the Congo
• List of diplomatic missions of the Republic of the Congo
• Visa requirements for Republic of the Congo citizens

References

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