Foreign relations of Burkina Faso

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Burkina Faso has good relations with the European Union, [1] African [2] and certain Asian countries.

Contents

According to the U.S. State Department, "U.S. relations with Burkina Faso are good but subject to strains in the past because of the Compaoré government's past involvement in arms trading and other sanctions-breaking activity." [3] Burkina Faso cut diplomatic ties with Taiwan in May 2018 (being the most populous state to do so in the 21st century) and the foreign ministry of China stated it approved of its decision. [4] [5]

Burkina Faso's relations with its West African neighbors have improved in recent years. [6] Relations with Ghana, in particular, have warmed. [7] President Compaoré had mediated a political crisis in Togo and helped to resolve the Tuareg conflict in Niger. [8] Burkina maintains cordial relations with Libya, but recalled its in ambassador in 2017 over issues of treatment of migrants trying to reach Europe, and the reemergence of the slave trade there. [9] A territorial dispute with Mali was mediated by Ghana and Nigeria, which has led to lessening of tensions between the two nations. [10]

Nineteen provinces of Burkina Faso are joined with contiguous areas of Mali and Niger under the Liptako–Gourma Authority, a regional economic organization. [11] As of 7/6/24, Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger have turned away from the West African bloc ECOWAS to pursue their own confederation of junta states, which they claim is to create a "community of sovereign peoples far from the control of foreign powers. A community of peace, solidarity, prosperity based on our African values." [12]

Burkina Faso is also a member of the International Criminal Court with a bilateral immunity agreement of protection for the United States-military (as covered under Article 98). [13]

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Burkina Faso maintains diplomatic relations with:

Diplomatic relations of Burkina Faso.svg
#CountryDate
1Flag of France.svg France 4 August 1960 [14]
2Flag of Germany.svg Germany 4 August 1960 [15]
3Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom 6 October 1960 [16] [ failed verification ]
4Flag of the United States.svg United States 5 August 1960 [17]
5Flag of Japan.svg Japan 1960 [18]
6Flag of Mali.svg Mali 18 March 1961 [19]
7Flag of Ghana.svg Ghana 12 June 1961 [20]
8Flag of Israel.svg Israel 5 July 1961 [21]
9Flag of Egypt.svg Egypt 23 September 1961 [22] [23]
10Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium 17 October 1961 [24]
11Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland 17 October 1961 [24]
12Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands 14 December 1961 [25]
13Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 1961 [26]
14Flag of Sierra Leone.svg Sierra Leone 1961 [27]
15Flag of India.svg India 23 March 1962 [28]
16Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea 20 April 1962 [29]
17Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada 27 April 1962 [30]
18Flag of Italy.svg Italy 16 June 1962 [31]
19Flag of Lebanon.svg Lebanon 1962 [32]
20Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg 29 January 1963 [33]
21Flag of Guinea.svg Guinea 1963 [34] [35]
22Flag of Spain.svg Spain 27 November 1964 [36]
23Flag of Sudan.svg Sudan 1964 [37]
24Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden 1964 [38]
25Flag of Tunisia.svg Tunisia 1964 [39]
26Flag of Morocco.svg Morocco 21 October 1965 [40]
27Flag of Gabon.svg Gabon 11 November 1965 [41]
28Flag of Peru.svg Peru March 1966 [42]
29Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg Ivory Coast 30 December 1966 [43]
30Flag of Algeria.svg Algeria 10 January 1967 [44]
31Flag of Russia.svg Russia 18 February 1967 [45]
32Flag of Ethiopia.svg Ethiopia 11 April 1968 [46]
33Flag of Romania.svg Romania 13 April 1968 [47]
34Flag of Bulgaria.svg Bulgaria 29 May 1968 [48]
35Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic 3 June 1968 [49]
36Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary 8 June 1968 [50]
37Flag of Poland.svg Poland 15 June 1968 [51]
38Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia 8 July 1968 [52]
39Flag of Nigeria.svg Nigeria 19 February 1970 [53]
40Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey 6 April 1970 [54]
41Flag of Austria.svg Austria 9 December 1970 [55]
42Flag of Senegal.svg Senegal 27 December 1971 [56]
43Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark 1971 [57] [58]
44Flag of Mauritania.svg Mauritania 3 October 1972 [59]
45Flag of North Korea.svg North Korea 11 October 1972 [60]
Flag of Vatican City (2023-present).svg Holy See 14 June 1973 [61]
46Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China 15 September 1973 [62]
47Flag of Vietnam.svg Vietnam 16 November 1973 [63]
Flag of the Order of St. John (various).svg Sovereign Military Order of Malta 1973 [64]
48Flag of Bangladesh.svg Bangladesh 10 July 1974 [65]
49Flag of Kuwait.svg Kuwait 17 August 1975 [66]
50Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica 20 September 1975 [67]
51Flag of Argentina.svg Argentina 26 September 1975 [68]
52Flag of Brazil.svg Brazil 8 October 1975 [69]
53Flag of Rwanda.svg Rwanda 26 November 1975 [70]
54Flag of Cuba.svg Cuba 11 December 1975 [71]
55Flag of Uganda.svg Uganda 26 May 1976 [72]
56Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico 30 June 1976 [73]
57Flag of Albania.svg Albania 15 January 1977 [74]
58Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg United Arab Emirates 16 January 1978 [75]
59Flag of Portugal (official).svg Portugal 7 July 1978 [76]
60Flag of Greece.svg Greece 1978 [77]
61Flag of Finland.svg Finland 15 February 1980 [78]
62Flag of Norway.svg Norway 3 March 1980 [78]
63Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg Saudi Arabia 25 March 1980 [79]
64Flag of Libya.svg Libya 12 January 1981 [80]
65Flag of Niger.svg Niger 30 June 1981 [81]
66Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg Guinea-Bissau 18 August 1981 [82]
67Flag of Togo (3-2).svg Togo 18 August 1981 [83]
68Flag of Oman.svg Oman 5 October 1981 [84]
69Flag of Iraq.svg Iraq 16 August 1982 [85]
70Flag of Nicaragua.svg Nicaragua 30 November 1983 [86]
71Flag of Iran.svg Iran 1 November 1984 [78]
72Flag of Thailand.svg Thailand 12 July 1985 [87]
73Flag of Mongolia.svg Mongolia 25 October 1985 [78]
74Flag of Guyana.svg Guyana 23 September 1987 [78]
75Flag of Colombia.svg Colombia 27 September 1988 [78]
76Flag of Qatar.svg Qatar 23 October 1988 [88]
77Flag of Bahrain.svg Bahrain 25 February 1989 [89]
Flag of Palestine.svg State of Palestine 1989 [90]
78Flag of Yemen.svg Yemen 25 January 1990 [91]
79Flag of Brunei.svg Brunei 21 January 1992 [78]
80Flag of Ukraine.svg Ukraine 6 February 1992 [92]
81Flag of Jordan.svg Jordan 15 July 1992 [93]
82Flag of Indonesia.svg Indonesia 8 August 1992 [94]
83Flag of Chile.svg Chile 29 September 1992 [78]
84Flag of Armenia.svg Armenia 16 November 1992 [95]
85Flag of Belarus.svg Belarus 25 November 1992 [96]
86Flag of Moldova.svg Moldova 11 December 1992 [97]
87Flag of Singapore.svg Singapore 1 May 1993 [98]
88Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg Equatorial Guinea 1993 [99]
89Flag of Honduras (2022-).svg Honduras 30 September 1994 [78]
90Flag of Malaysia.svg Malaysia 4 January 1995 [100]
91Flag of Slovenia.svg Slovenia 28 March 1995 [101]
92Flag of South Africa.svg South Africa 11 May 1994 [102]
93Flag of Croatia.svg Croatia 18 May 1995 [103]
94Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg Bosnia and Herzegovina 26 May 1995 [78]
95Flag of Slovakia.svg Slovakia 1 August 1997 [104]
96Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania 23 September 1998 [105]
97Flag of Cyprus.svg Cyprus 13 June 2001 [78]
98Flag of Costa Rica.svg Costa Rica 22 June 2001 [78]
99Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland 23 October 2001 [78]
100Flag of the Philippines.svg Philippines 10 October 2002 [78]
101Flag of Madagascar.svg Madagascar 14 October 2002 [106]
102Flag of Angola.svg Angola 16 January 2003 [107]
103Flag of Mauritius.svg Mauritius 14 March 2003 [78]
104Flag of Kenya.svg Kenya 25 March 2003 [108]
105Flag of Venezuela.svg Venezuela 2 September 2003 [109]
106Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Azerbaijan 28 May 2004 [78]
107Flag of North Macedonia.svg North Macedonia 27 November 2004 [110]
108Flag of Andorra.svg Andorra 18 May 2005 [111]
109Flag of Chad.svg Chad 14 October 2005 [112]
110Flag of Estonia.svg Estonia 28 March 2006 [78]
111Flag of Guatemala.svg Guatemala 21 July 2006 [78]
112Flag of The Gambia.svg Gambia 20 October 2006 [113]
113Flag of Botswana.svg Botswana 12 January 2007 [78]
114Flag of Haiti.svg Haiti 25 January 2007 [114]
115Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 20 February 2007 [78]
116Flag of Ireland.svg Ireland 1 May 2007 [78]
117Flag of Laos.svg Laos 1 August 2007 [78]
118Flag of Uruguay.svg Uruguay 28 August 2007 [78]
119Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg Dominican Republic 28 September 2007 [115]
120Flag of Malta.svg Malta 8 February 2008 [78]
121Flag of Pakistan.svg Pakistan 6 May 2008 [116]
122Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia 13 November 2008 [78]
123Flag of Paraguay.svg Paraguay 18 May 2010 [78]
124Flag of Cambodia.svg Cambodia 2 July 2010 [78]
125Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Kazakhstan 10 February 2011 [117]
126Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia 6 April 2011 [78]
127Flag of Zambia.svg Zambia 15 July 2011 [118]
128Flag of Panama.svg Panama 29 July 2011 [78]
129Flag of Montenegro.svg Montenegro 20 December 2011 [78]
130Flag of Maldives.svg Maldives 29 December 2011 [78]
131Flag of Malawi.svg Malawi 2011 [119]
132Flag of Tajikistan.svg Tajikistan 12 January 2012 [78]
133Flag of Ecuador.svg Ecuador 8 February 2012 [78]
134Flag of Georgia.svg Georgia 2 October 2012 [78]
135Flag of Sri Lanka.svg Sri Lanka 16 November 2012 [120]
Flag of Kosovo.svg Kosovo 6 December 2012 [121]
136Flag of Tuvalu.svg Tuvalu 15 February 2013 [78]
137Flag of Fiji.svg Fiji 22 November 2013 [122]
138Flag of Djibouti.svg Djibouti 16 December 2013 [123]
139Flag of Cape Verde.svg Cape Verde 14 May 2014 [124] [125]
140Flag of Namibia.svg Namibia 23 July 2014 [126]
141Flag of Monaco.svg Monaco 19 September 2014 [127]
142Flag of Mozambique.svg Mozambique 16 September 2015 [128]
143Flag of Turkmenistan.svg Turkmenistan 12 March 2016 [129]
144Flag of Lesotho.svg Lesotho 14 April 2016 [130]
145Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand 19 April 2017 [131]
146Flag of Seychelles.svg Seychelles 16 May 2017 [132]
147Flag of Nepal.svg   Nepal 29 December 2017 [78]
148Flag of Sao Tome and Principe.svg São Tomé and Príncipe 19 February 2019 [133]
149Flag of Burundi.svg Burundi 28 October 2019 [134]
150Flag of Zimbabwe.svg Zimbabwe 30 October 2019 [135]
151Flag of Tanzania.svg Tanzania 25 August 2021 [136]
152Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg Saint Kitts and Nevis 10 October 2021 [137]
153Flag of the Marshall Islands.svg Marshall Islands 26 September 2024 [78]
154Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg Kyrgyzstan 7 April 2025 [78]
155Flag of Benin.svg Benin Unknown
156Flag of Cameroon.svg Cameroon Unknown
157Flag of the Comoros.svg Comoros Unknown [138]

Bilateral relations

CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
Flag of Austria.svg Austria 1970
  • Austria is represented in Burkina Faso by its embassy in Dakar, Senegal [139]
  • Diplomatic relations were established in 1960. [140]
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China 15 September 1973See Burkina Faso–China relations

Diplomatic relations were established on 15 September 1973. [62] On February 2, 1994, Burkina Faso signed a communique to resume diplomatic relations with Taiwan. On February 4, the Chinese government announced the suspension of diplomatic relations with Burkina Faso. A communique on the re-establishment of diplomatic relations was signed on 26 May 2018.[ citation needed ]

Flag of Cyprus.svg Cyprus 13 June 2001See Burkina Faso–Cyprus relations
Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark 1971See Burkina Faso–Denmark relations
Flag of France.svg France 4 August 1960See Burkina Faso–France relations

Diplomatic relations were established on 4 August 1960. [14]

Present day Burkina Faso was formerly part of a French colony called French Upper Volta. France has special forces stationed in Burkina Faso. [141]

In January 2023, Burkina Faso's military junta asked France to recall its ambassador amid a surge of anti-French sentiment as the country moved to develop closer ties to Russia [141]

Flag of Gabon.svg Gabon 11 November 1965Diplomatic relations were established on 11 November 1965. [41]

On 29 December 1969 first Ambassador of Gabon to Upper Volta Mr. Marcel Sandoungout has presented his letters of credence. [144]

Flag of Ghana.svg Ghana 12 June 1961See Burkina Faso–Ghana relations

Diplomatic relations were established on 12 June 1961 [20]

With the coming to power of Thomas Sankara in Burkina Faso in 1983, relations between Ghana and Burkina became both warm and close. Indeed, Rawlings and Sankara began discussions about uniting Ghana and Burkina in the manner of the defunct Ghana-Guinea-Mali Union, which Nkrumah had sought unsuccessfully to promote as a foundation for his dream of unified continental government. Political and economic ties between Ghana and Burkina, a poorer country, were strengthened through joint commissions of cooperation and through border demarcation committee meetings. Frequent high-level consultations and joint military exercises, meant to discourage potential dissidents and to protect young "revolutions" in each country, were fairly regular features of Ghana-Burkina relations. [145]

Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland 23 October 2001

Burkina Faso is represented in Iceland by its embassy in Copenhagen, Denmark. [146]

Flag of India.svg India 23 March 1962See Burkina Faso–India relations

Both countries established diplomatiuc relations on 23 March 1962 [28]

Flag of Iran.svg Iran 1 November 1984Diplomatic relations were established on 1 November 1984 [147]

See Burkina Faso–Iran relations

Flag of Israel.svg Israel 5 July 1961

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 July 1961. [21]

Although Burkina Faso operates a consulate in Tel Aviv, Israel has no diplomatic nor consular presence in Burkina Faso. [148] The Israeli ambassador to Côte d'Ivoire Dr. Eliyahu Ben-Tura is accredited as the non-resident Ambassador to Burkina Faso (as well as Benin and Togo). [149]

Flag of Italy.svg Italy 16 June 1962Diplomatic relations were established on 16 June 1962 when Mr. Renzo Luigi Romanelli, the first Italian Ambassador to Upper Volta, has presented his letters of credence to President Maurice Yameogo. [31]
Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg Ivory Coast 30 December 1966

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 December 1966 [43]

When Thomas Sankara came to power in 1983 relations between Burkina Faso and Ivory Coast became hostile as Félix Houphouët-Boigny was threatened by Sankara's revolutionary regime. That was one of the main reasons why Blaise Compaore launched his coup in 1987 killing Sankara and making himself president. Under Blaise Compaore Ivory Coast and Burkina Faso reestablished good relations and both countries supported Charles Taylor's NPFL in their overthrow of Samuel Doe. They remain allies and are active trading partners.

Flag of Kosovo.svg Kosovo 6 December 2012

Burkina Faso recognised the Republic of Kosovo on April 24, 2008. [152] Burkina Faso and Kosovo established diplomatic relations on 6 December 2012. [121]

Flag of Libya.svg Libya 12 January 1981See Burkina Faso–Libya relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 January 1981. [80]

Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico 30 June 1976Diplomatic relations were established on 30 June 1976 [73]
  • Burkina Faso is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States and an honorary consulate in Mexico City. [153]
  • Mexico is accredited to Burkina Faso from its embassy in Abuja, Nigeria. [154]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands 14 December 1961Diplomatic relations were established on 14 December 1961 [25]
Flag of Nigeria.svg Nigeria 19 February 1970Diplomatic relations were established on 19 February 1970 when Ambassador of Upper Volta to Nigeria (resident in Accra) Mr. Victor Kabore, presented his credentials. [53]
Flag of North Korea.svg North Korea 11 October 1972See Burkina Faso–North Korea relations

Diplomatic relations were established on 11 October 1972 [60]

Flag of Portugal (official).svg Portugal 7 July 1978Diplomatic relations were established on 7 July 1978 when Ambassador of Upper Volta M. Victor Kabore, has presented his credentials to President of Portugal Ramalho Eanes. [76]
Flag of Russia.svg Russia 18 February 1967See Burkina Faso–Russia relations

Diplomatic relations between Burkina Faso and the Soviet Union were established for the first time on February 18, 1967. [45] After the breakup of the Soviet Union, Burkina Faso recognized Russia as the USSR's successor. However financial reasons has shut the embassies between the two nations. In 1992, the embassy of the Russian Federation in Ouagadougou was closed, and in 1996, the embassy of Burkina Faso in Moscow was closed. Burkina Faso has since re-opened its embassy in Moscow. [157]

Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg Saint Kitts and Nevis 10 October 2021Diplomatic relations were established on 10 October 2021 [137]
Flag of South Africa.svg South Africa 11 May 1994
  • Diplomatic relations were established on 11 May 1994 [102]
  • Both countries are full members of the African Union.
Flag of Spain.svg Spain 27 November 1964See Burkina Faso–Spain relations

Diplomatic relations were established on 27 November 1964 [36]

Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden 1969See Burkina Faso–Sweden relations

Diplomatic relations were established in 1969 [159] [160]

Sweden is a major contributor of developmental aid to Burkina Faso. The Burkina Faso–Sweden Friendship Association was formed in 1986 to promote exchange between the two countries.

Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey 6 April 1970See also Burkina Faso–Turkey relations

Diplomatic relations were established on 6 April 1970 [54]

  • Burkina Faso has an embassy in Ankara. [161]
  • Turkey has an embassy in Ouagadougou. [161]
  • Trade volume between the two countries was US$52.2 million in 2019 (Burkina Faso's exports/imports: 20.8/31.4 million USD). [161]
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom 6 October 1960See Foreign relations of the United Kingdom
Burkinabe President Blaise Compaore with Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg in London, January 2011. Deputy Prime Minister with President Compaore (5363954439).jpg
Burkinabè President Blaise Compaoré with Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg in London, January 2011.

Burkina Faso established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 6 October 1960, then known as Upper Volta. [16] [ failed verification ]

  • Burkina Faso does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom is not accredited to Burkina Faso through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its high commission in Accra, Ghana. [162]

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization.

Flag of the United States.svg United States 5 August 1960See Burkina Faso–United States relations

Diplomatic relations were established on 5 August 1960 [17]

Relations are good but subject to strains in the past because of the Compaoré government's past involvement in arms trading and other sanctions-breaking activity. In addition to regional peace and stability, U.S. interests in Burkina are to promote continued democratization and greater respect for human rights and to encourage sustainable economic development. Although the Agency for International Development (USAID) closed its office in Ouagadougou in 1995, about $18 million annually of USAID funding goes to Burkina's development through non-governmental and regional organizations. The largest is a Food for Peace school lunch program administered by Catholic Relief Services. Burkina has been the site of several development success stories. U.S. leadership in building food security in the Sahel after the 1968–74 drought has been successful in virtually eliminating famine, despite recurrent drought years. River blindness has been eliminated from the region. In both cases, the U.S. was the main donor to inter-African organizations headquartered in Ouagadougou which through sustained efforts have achieved and consolidated these gains. In 2005, Burkina Faso and the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) signed a $12 million Threshold Country Program to build schools and increase girls' enrollment rates. In November 2005, the Millennium Challenge Corporation selected Burkina Faso as eligible to submit a proposal for Millennium Challenge Account assistance for fiscal year 2006, making it one of only two countries eligible for threshold as well as compact funding. The Government of Burkina Faso is working closely with MCC staff to finalize its compact submission.

See also

References

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