Foreign relations of Burkina Faso

Burkina Faso has good relations with the European Union, ^[1] African ^[2] and certain Asian countries.

According to the U.S. State Department, "U.S. relations with Burkina Faso are good but subject to strains in the past because of the Compaoré government's past involvement in arms trading and other sanctions-breaking activity." ^[3] Burkina Faso cut diplomatic ties with Taiwan in May 2018 (being the most populous state to do so in the 21st century) and the foreign ministry of China stated it approved of its decision. ^{[4] [5]}

Burkina Faso's relations with its West African neighbors have improved in recent years. ^[6] Relations with Ghana, in particular, have warmed. ^[7] President Compaoré had mediated a political crisis in Togo and helped to resolve the Tuareg conflict in Niger. ^[8] Burkina maintains cordial relations with Libya, but recalled its in ambassador in 2017 over issues of treatment of migrants trying to reach Europe, and the reemergence of the slave trade there. ^[9] A territorial dispute with Mali was mediated by Ghana and Nigeria, which has led to lessening of tensions between the two nations. ^[10]

Nineteen provinces of Burkina Faso are joined with contiguous areas of Mali and Niger under the Liptako–Gourma Authority, a regional economic organization. ^[11] As of 7/6/24, Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger have turned away from the West African bloc ECOWAS to pursue their own confederation of junta states, which they claim is to create a "community of sovereign peoples far from the control of foreign powers. A community of peace, solidarity, prosperity based on our African values." ^[12]

Burkina Faso is also a member of the International Criminal Court with a bilateral immunity agreement of protection for the United States-military (as covered under Article 98). ^[13]

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Burkina Faso maintains diplomatic relations with:

#	Country	Date
1	France	4 August 1960 [14]
2	Germany	4 August 1960 [15]
3	United Kingdom	6 October 1960 [16]
4	United States	5 August 1960 [17]
5	Japan	1960 [18]
6	Mali	18 March 1961 [19]
7	Ghana	12 June 1961 [20]
8	Israel	5 July 1961 [21]
9	Egypt	23 September 1961 [22] [23]
10	Belgium	17 October 1961 [24]
11	Switzerland	17 October 1961 [24]
12	Netherlands	14 December 1961 [25]
13	Liberia	1961 [26]
14	Sierra Leone	1961 [27]
15	India	23 March 1962 [28]
16	South Korea	20 April 1962 [29]
17	Canada	27 April 1962 [30]
18	Italy	16 June 1962 [31]
19	Lebanon	1962 [32]
20	Luxembourg	29 January 1963 [33]
21	Guinea	1963 [34] [35]
22	Spain	27 November 1964 [36]
23	Sudan	1964 [37]
24	Tunisia	1964 [38]
25	Morocco	21 October 1965 [39]
26	Gabon	11 November 1965 [40]
27	Peru	March 1966 [41]
28	Ivory Coast	30 December 1966 [42]
29	Algeria	10 January 1967 [43]
30	Russia	18 February 1967 [44]
31	Ethiopia	11 April 1968 [45]
32	Romania	13 April 1968 [46]
33	Bulgaria	29 May 1968 [47]
34	Czech Republic	3 June 1968 [48]
35	Hungary	8 June 1968 [49]
36	Poland	15 June 1968 [50]
37	Serbia	8 July 1968 [51]
38	Sweden	1969 [52] [53]
39	Austria	1970 [54]
40	Nigeria	19 February 1970 [55]
41	Turkey	6 April 1970 [56]
42	Senegal	27 December 1971 [57]
43	Denmark	1971 [58] [59]
44	North Korea	11 October 1972 [60]
—	Holy See	14 June 1973 [61]
45	China	15 September 1973 [62]
46	Vietnam	16 November 1973 [63]
—	Sovereign Military Order of Malta	1973 [64]
47	Bangladesh	10 July 1974 [65]
48	Kuwait	17 August 1975 [66]
49	Jamaica	20 September 1975 [67]
50	Argentina	26 September 1975 [68]
51	Brazil	8 October 1975 [69]
52	Rwanda	26 November 1975 [70]
53	Cuba	11 December 1975 [71]
54	Uganda	26 May 1976 [72]
55	Mexico	30 June 1976 [73]
56	Albania	15 January 1977 [74]
57	United Arab Emirates	16 January 1978 [75]
58	Portugal	7 July 1978 [76]
59	Greece	1978 [77]
60	Finland	15 February 1980 [78]
61	Norway	3 March 1980 [79]
62	Saudi Arabia	25 March 1980 [80]
63	Libya	12 January 1981 [81]
64	Niger	30 June 1981 [82]
65	Guinea-Bissau	18 August 1981 [83]
66	Togo	18 August 1981 [84]
67	Oman	5 October 1981 [85]
68	Iraq	16 August 1982 [86]
69	Nicaragua	30 November 1983 [87]
70	Iran	1 November 1984 [88]
71	Thailand	12 July 1985 [89]
72	Mongolia	25 October 1985 [90]
73	Guyana	23 September 1987 [91]
74	Colombia	27 September 1988 [92]
75	Qatar	23 October 1988 [93]
76	Bahrain	25 February 1989 [94]
77	Brunei	21 January 1992 [95]
78	Ukraine	6 February 1992 [96]
79	Indonesia	8 August 1992 [97]
80	Chile	29 September 1992 [98]
81	Armenia	16 November 1992 [99]
82	Belarus	25 November 1992 [100]
83	Moldova	11 December 1992 [101]
84	Singapore	1 May 1993 [102]
85	Equatorial Guinea	1993 [103]
86	Honduras	30 September 1994 [104]
87	Malaysia	4 January 1995 [105]
88	Slovenia	28 March 1995 [106]
89	South Africa	11 May 1994 [107]
90	Croatia	18 May 1995 [108]
91	Bosnia and Herzegovina	26 May 1995 [109]
92	Slovakia	1 August 1997 [110]
93	Lithuania	23 September 1998 [111]
94	Cyprus	13 June 2001 [112]
95	Costa Rica	22 June 2001 [113]
96	Iceland	23 October 2001 [114]
97	Philippines	10 October 2002 [115]
98	Madagascar	14 October 2002 [116]
99	Angola	16 January 2003 [117]
100	Mauritius	14 March 2003 [118]
101	Kenya	25 March 2003 [119]
102	Venezuela	2 September 2003 [120]
103	Azerbaijan	28 May 2004 [121]
104	North Macedonia	27 November 2004 [122]
105	Andorra	18 May 2005 [123]
106	Estonia	28 March 2006 [124]
107	Guatemala	21 July 2006 [125]
108	Botswana	12 January 2007 [126]
109	Haiti	25 January 2007 [127]
110	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	20 February 2007 [128]
111	Ireland	1 May 2007 [129]
112	Laos	1 August 2007 [130]
113	Uruguay	28 August 2007 [131]
114	Dominican Republic	28 September 2007 [132]
115	Malta	8 February 2008 [133]
116	Australia	13 November 2008 [134]
117	Jordan	14 June 2009 [135]
118	Paraguay	18 May 2010 [136]
119	Cambodia	2 July 2010 [137]
120	Kazakhstan	10 February 2011 [138]
121	Latvia	6 April 2011 [139]
122	Zambia	15 July 2011 [140]
123	Panama	29 July 2011 [141]
124	Montenegro	20 December 2011 [142]
125	Maldives	29 December 2011 [143]
126	Malawi	2011 [144]
127	Tajikistan	12 January 2012 [145]
128	Ecuador	8 February 2012 [146]
129	Georgia	2 October 2012 [147]
130	Sri Lanka	16 November 2012 [148]
—	Kosovo	6 December 2012 [149]
131	Tuvalu	15 February 2013 [150]
132	Fiji	22 November 2013 [151]
133	Djibouti	16 December 2013 [152]
134	Namibia	23 July 2014 [153]
135	Monaco	19 September 2014 [154]
136	Mozambique	16 September 2015 [155]
137	Turkmenistan	12 March 2016 [156]
138	Lesotho	14 April 2016 [157]
139	New Zealand	19 April 2017 [158]
140	Seychelles	16 May 2017 [159]
141	Nepal	29 December 2017 [160]
142	São Tomé and Príncipe	19 February 2019 [161]
143	Burundi	28 October 2019 [162]
144	Tanzania	25 August 2021 [163]
145	Saint Kitts and Nevis	10 October 2021 [164]
146	Marshall Islands	26 September 2024 [165]
147	Benin	Unknown
148	Cameroon	Unknown
149	Cape Verde	Unknown
150	Chad	Unknown
151	Comoros	Unknown [166]
152	Eswatini	Unknown
153	Gambia	Unknown [167]
154	Mauritania	Unknown
155	Pakistan	Unknown
—	State of Palestine	Unknown
156	Yemen	Unknown
157	Zimbabwe	Unknown [168]

Bilateral relations

Country	Formal Relations Began	Notes
Austria	1970	Austria is represented in Burkina Faso by its embassy in Dakar, Senegal [169] Diplomatic relations were established in 1960. [170]
Benin		In September 2007, Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) intervened to attempt to resolve the dispute over two villages along the Benin–Burkina Faso border that remain from a 2005 ICJ decision.
China	15 September 1973	See Burkina Faso–China relations Diplomatic relations were established on 15 September 1973. [62] On February 2, 1994, Burkina Faso signed a communique to resume diplomatic relations with Taiwan. On February 4, the Chinese government announced the suspension of diplomatic relations with Burkina Faso. A communique on the re-establishment of diplomatic relations was signed on 26 May 2018.[ citation needed ]
Cyprus	13 June 2001	See Burkina Faso–Cyprus relations
Denmark	1971	See Burkina Faso–Denmark relations
Ethiopia	11 April 1968	Diplomatic relations were established on 11 April 1968 when the first Ethiopian ambassador to Upper Volta, Ato Haile Mechecha, has presented his credentials to President Lamizana [45]
France	4 August 1960	See Burkina Faso–France relations Diplomatic relations were established on 4 August 1960. [14] Present day Burkina Faso was formerly part of a French colony called French Upper Volta. France has special forces stationed in Burkina Faso. [171] Burkina Faso has an embassy in Paris. [172] France has an embassy in Ouagadougou. [173] In January 2023, Burkina Faso's military junta asked France to recall its ambassador amid a surge of anti-French sentiment as the country moved to develop closer ties to Russia [171]
Gabon	11 November 1965	Diplomatic relations were established on 11 November 1965. [40] On 29 December 1969 first Ambassador of Gabon to Upper Volta Mr. Marcel Sandoungout has presented his letters of credence. [174]
Ghana	12 June 1961	See Burkina Faso–Ghana relations Diplomatic relations were established on 12 June 1961 [20] With the coming to power of Thomas Sankara in Burkina Faso in 1983, relations between Ghana and Burkina became both warm and close. Indeed, Rawlings and Sankara began discussions about uniting Ghana and Burkina in the manner of the defunct Ghana-Guinea-Mali Union, which Nkrumah had sought unsuccessfully to promote as a foundation for his dream of unified continental government. Political and economic ties between Ghana and Burkina, a poorer country, were strengthened through joint commissions of cooperation and through border demarcation committee meetings. Frequent high-level consultations and joint military exercises, meant to discourage potential dissidents and to protect young "revolutions" in each country, were fairly regular features of Ghana-Burkina relations. [175]
Greece	1978	See Burkina Faso–Greece relations
Iceland	23 October 2001	Burkina Faso is represented in Iceland by its embassy in Copenhagen, Denmark. [176]
India	23 March 1962	See Burkina Faso–India relations Both countries established diplomatiuc relations on 23 March 1962 [28] India and Burkina Faso enjoy warm relations.
Iran	1 November 1984	Diplomatic relations were established on 1 November 1984 [88] See Burkina Faso–Iran relations
Israel	5 July 1961	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 July 1961. [21] Although Burkina Faso operates a consulate in Tel Aviv, Israel has no diplomatic nor consular presence in Burkina Faso. [177] The Israeli ambassador to Côte d'Ivoire Dr. Eliyahu Ben-Tura is accredited as the non-resident Ambassador to Burkina Faso (as well as Benin and Togo). [178]
Italy	16 June 1962	Diplomatic relations were established on 16 June 1962 when Mr. Renzo Luigi Romanelli, the first Italian Ambassador to Upper Volta, has presented his letters of credence to President Maurice Yameogo. [31] Burkina Faso has an embassy in Rome and honorary consulates in Florence, Milan, Napoli, and Palermo. [179] Italy has an honorary consulate in Ouagadougou. [180]
Ivory Coast	30 December 1966	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 December 1966 [42] When Thomas Sankara came to power in 1983 relations between Burkina Faso and Ivory Coast became hostile as Félix Houphouët-Boigny was threatened by Sankara's revolutionary regime. That was one of the main reasons why Blaise Compaore launched his coup in 1987 killing Sankara and making himself president. Under Blaise Compaore Ivory Coast and Burkina Faso reestablished good relations and both countries supported Charles Taylor's NPFL in their overthrow of Samuel Doe. They remain allies and are active trading partners.
Kosovo	6 December 2012	Burkina Faso recognised the Republic of Kosovo on April 24, 2008. [181] Burkina Faso and Kosovo established diplomatic relations on 6 December 2012. [149]
Libya	12 January 1981	See Burkina Faso–Libya relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 January 1981. [81]
Mexico	30 June 1976	Diplomatic relations were established on 30 June 1976 [73] Burkina Faso is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States and an honorary consulate in Mexico City. [182] Mexico is accredited to Burkina Faso from its embassy in Abuja, Nigeria. [183]
Nepal	29 December 2017	Diplomatic relations were established on 29 December 2017 [160] Both countries are Landlocked developing countries.
Netherlands	14 December 1961	Diplomatic relations were established on 14 December 1961 [25] Burkina Faso is represented in the Netherlands by its embassy in Brussels, Belgium and an honorary consulate in Rotterdam. [184] The Netherlands are represented in Burkina Faso by their embassy in Bamako, Mali. [185]
Nigeria	19 February 1970	Diplomatic relations were established on 19 February 1970 when Ambassador of Upper Volta to Nigeria (resident in Accra) Mr. Victor Kabore, presented his credentials. [55]
North Korea	11 October 1972	See Burkina Faso–North Korea relations Diplomatic relations were established on 11 October 1972 [60]
Portugal	7 July 1978	Diplomatic relations were established on 7 July 1978 when Ambassador of Upper Volta M. Victor Kabore, has presented his credentials to President of Portugal Ramalho Eanes. [76]
Russia	18 February 1967	See Burkina Faso–Russia relations Diplomatic relations between Burkina Faso and the Soviet Union were established for the first time on February 18, 1967. [44] After the breakup of the Soviet Union, Burkina Faso recognized Russia as the USSR's successor. However financial reasons has shut the embassies between the two nations. In 1992, the embassy of the Russian Federation in Ouagadougou was closed, and in 1996, the embassy of Burkina Faso in Moscow was closed. Burkina Faso has since re-opened its embassy in Moscow. [186]
Rwanda	26 November 1975	Diplomatic relations were established on 26 November 1975 when Rwanda's first Ambassador to Upper Volta (resident in Kinshasa), M. Canisius Mudenge, has presented his credentials to President Lamizana. [70]
Saint Kitts and Nevis	10 October 2021	Diplomatic relations were established on 10 October 2021 [164] Diplomatic relations were established and signed a visa agreement at the 60th Anniversary Additional Commemorative Non-Aligned Meeting. [187]
South Africa	11 May 1994	Diplomatic relations were established on 11 May 1994 [107] Both countries are full members of the African Union.
Spain	27 November 1964	See Burkina Faso–Spain relations Diplomatic relations were established on 27 November 1964 [36]
Sweden	1969	See Burkina Faso–Sweden relations Diplomatic relations were established in 1969 [52] [53] Sweden is a major contributor of developmental aid to Burkina Faso. The Burkina Faso–Sweden Friendship Association was formed in 1986 to promote exchange between the two countries.
Turkey	6 April 1970	See also Burkina Faso–Turkey relations Diplomatic relations were established on 6 April 1970 [56] Burkina Faso has an embassy in Ankara. [188] Turkey has an embassy in Ouagadougou. [188] Trade volume between the two countries was US$52.2 million in 2019 (Burkina Faso's exports/imports: 20.8/31.4 million USD). [188]
Uganda	26 May 1976	Diplomatic relations were established on 26 May 1976 when Uganda's Ambassador to Upper Volta, Lieut.-Col. Mahamudu Omua Azia, presented his credentials to General Lamizana. [72]
United Kingdom	6 October 1960	See Foreign relations of the United Kingdom Burkina Faso established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 6 October 1960, then known as Upper Volta. [16] Burkina Faso does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom is not accredited to Burkina Faso through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its high commission in Accra, Ghana. [189] Both countries share common membership of the World Trade Organization.
United States	5 August 1960	See Burkina Faso–United States relations Diplomatic relations were established on 5 August 1960 [17] Relations are good but subject to strains in the past because of the Compaoré government's past involvement in arms trading and other sanctions-breaking activity. In addition to regional peace and stability, U.S. interests in Burkina are to promote continued democratization and greater respect for human rights and to encourage sustainable economic development. Although the Agency for International Development (USAID) closed its office in Ouagadougou in 1995, about $18 million annually of USAID funding goes to Burkina's development through non-governmental and regional organizations. The largest is a Food for Peace school lunch program administered by Catholic Relief Services. Burkina has been the site of several development success stories. U.S. leadership in building food security in the Sahel after the 1968–74 drought has been successful in virtually eliminating famine, despite recurrent drought years. River blindness has been eliminated from the region. In both cases, the U.S. was the main donor to inter-African organizations headquartered in Ouagadougou which through sustained efforts have achieved and consolidated these gains. In 2005, Burkina Faso and the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) signed a $12 million Threshold Country Program to build schools and increase girls' enrollment rates. In November 2005, the Millennium Challenge Corporation selected Burkina Faso as eligible to submit a proposal for Millennium Challenge Account assistance for fiscal year 2006, making it one of only two countries eligible for threshold as well as compact funding. The Government of Burkina Faso is working closely with MCC staff to finalize its compact submission.
Vietnam	16 November 1973	Diplomatic relations were established on 16 November 1973 [63] Both countries are full members of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie.

See also

• List of diplomatic missions in Burkina Faso
• List of diplomatic missions of Burkina Faso
• List of current ambassadors of Burkina Faso

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• (in French) Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Burkina Faso