Philippine Senate election, 2019

Last updated
Philippine Senate election, 2019
Flag of the Philippines.svg
←  2016 May 13, 20192022 →
12 (of the 24) seats to the Senate of the Philippines
13 seats needed for a majority
Opinion polls
  Francis Pangilinan appointed PAFSAM 5.6.14.png Koko Pimentel IAEA cropped.jpg Sen. Pres Vicente Sotto (cropped2).jpg
Leader Francis Pangilinan Koko Pimentel Tito Sotto
Party Liberal PDP-Laban NPC
Last election5 seats, 31.30% of voteDid not participate2 seats, 10.07% of vote
Current seats544
Seats up121
  Nancy Binay 2018 DOST.jpg Cynthia Villar.jpg Senator Angara (cropped).jpg
Leader Nancy Binay Cynthia Villar Sonny Angara
Party UNA Nacionalista LDP
Last election1 seat, 7.64% of vote0 seats, 0.85% of voteDid not participate
Current seats221
Seats up221
Incumbent Senate President

Tito Sotto
NPC


The 2019 election of members to the Senate of the Philippines will be the 33rd election of members to the Senate of the Philippines for a six-year term.

Philippine senatorial elections

Elections to the Senate of the Philippines is done via plurality-at-large voting; a voter can vote for up to twelve candidates, with the twelve candidates with the highest number of votes being elected. The 24-member Senate uses staggered elections, with only one-half of its members up for election at any given time, except for special elections, which are always held concurrently with regularly scheduled elections.

Senate of the Philippines the upper house of the bicameral legislature of the Philippines

The Senate of the Philippines is the upper house of the bicameral legislature of the Philippines, the Congress; the House of Representatives is the lower house. The Senate is composed of 24 senators who are elected at-large with the country as one district under plurality-at-large voting.

Contents

The seats of 12 senators elected in 2013 will be contested during this election, and the senators elected in this election will serve up to June 30, 2025. The winners in this election will join the winners of the 2016 election to form the 18th Congress of the Philippines. The senators elected in 2016 will serve until June 30, 2022.

18th Congress of the Philippines

The Eighteenth Congress of the Philippines is the future meeting of the national legislature of the Republic of the Philippines, composed of the Senate and House of Representatives. The convention of the 18th Congress was followed by the 2019 Senate election, which will replace half of the Senate membership, and the 2019 House of Representatives elections which will elect the entire membership of the House of Representatives.

The Partido Demokratiko Pilipino-Lakas ng Bayan (PDP-Laban), the ruling party headed by President Rodrigo Duterte is expected lead its own administration coalition. The opposition is expected to be led by the Liberal Party, headed by Vice President Leni Robredo, its de facto leader. Other opposition coalitions may be set up.

PDP–Laban far-right political party in the Philippines

The Partido Demokratiko Pilipino–Lakas ng Bayan, more commonly known as PDP–Laban, is the ruling political party in the Philippines.

Rodrigo Duterte Filipino politician and the 16th President of the Philippines

Rodrigo Roa Duterte,, also known as Digong and Rody, is a Filipino politician who is the 16th and current President of the Philippines and the first from Mindanao, to hold the office. He is the chair of the ruling PDP–Laban party. Taking office at 71 years old in June 2016, Duterte is the oldest person to assume the Philippine presidency; the record was previously held by Sergio Osmeña at the age of 65.

Liberal Party (Philippines) liberal party in the Philippines

The Liberal Party of the Philippines or LP is a liberal political party in the Philippines, founded by then senators Senate President Manuel Roxas, Senate President Pro-Tempore Elpidio Quirino, and former 9th Senatorial District Senator José Avelino, on January 19, 1946 by a breakaway Liberal wing from the old Nacionalista Party. It was the ruling party from 2010 to 2016 after the election victory of Benigno Aquino III as the President of the Philippines. Today, the Liberals are the opposition and maintain at least five seats in the Senate, and at least 41 of seats in the House of Representatives. Around 50% of governors, 50% of vice governors, and 33% of board members are also Liberals.

The Senate election is held concurrently with elections to the House of Representatives and local officials above the barangay level.

House of Representatives of the Philippines Lower house of the Congress of the Philippines

The House of Representatives of the Philippines, is the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines. It is often commonly referred to as Congress and informally referred to as Camara or Kamara. Members of the House are officially styled as representative (Kinatawan) and sometimes informally called Congressmen/Congresswomen and are elected to a three-year term. They can be re-elected, but cannot serve more than three consecutive terms. Around eighty percent of congressmen are district representatives, representing a particular geographical area. There are 234 legislative districts in the country, each composed of about 250,000 people. There are also party-list representatives elected through the party-list system who constitute not more than twenty percent of the total number of representatives.

Barangay administrative division in the Philippines

A barangay or baranggay, formerly referred to as barrio, is the smallest administrative division in the Philippines and is the native Filipino term for a village, district or ward. In metropolitan areas, the term often refers to an inner city neighbourhood, a suburb or a suburban neighborhood. The word barangay originated from balangay, a kind of boat used by a group of Austronesian peoples when they migrated to the Philippines.

Electoral system

Senate elections in the Philippines are conducted via the plurality-at-large voting system, where the entire country is one at-large "district". Each voter can select up to twelve candidates (one vote per candidate), and the twelve candidates with the highest total number of votes are elected.

Plurality-at-large voting, also known as block vote or multiple non-transferable vote (MNTV), is a non-proportional voting system for electing several representatives from a single multimember electoral district using a series of check boxes and tallying votes similar to a plurality election. Multiple winners are elected simultaneously to serve the district. Block voting is not a system for obtaining proportional representation; instead the usual result is that where the candidates divide into definitive parties the most popular party in the district sees its full slate of candidates elected, resulting in a landslide.

At-large is a designation for members of a governing body who are elected or appointed to represent the whole membership of the body, rather than a subset of that membership. At-large voting is in contrast to voting by electoral districts.

Senators are term limited to two consecutive terms, although they are eligible for a third non-consecutive term. Only half of the seats are up in every senatorial election. The winning senators will succeed those elected in 2013, and will join those elected in 2016 in the 18th Congress.

A term limit is a legal restriction that limits the number of terms an officeholder may serve in a particular elected office. When term limits are found in presidential and semi-presidential systems they act as a method of curbing the potential for monopoly, where a leader effectively becomes "president for life". This is intended to protect a democracy from becoming a de facto dictatorship. Sometimes, there is an absolute or lifetime limit on the number of terms an officeholder may serve; sometimes, the restrictions are merely on the number of consecutive terms he or she may serve.

Each party endorses a slate of candidates, typically not exceeding a 12-person ticket. A party may also choose to invite "guest candidates" to complete its slate. The party may even include, with the candidates' consent, independent candidates and candidates from other parties as the party's guest candidates. Parties also may form coalitions to endorse a multi-party slate of candidates.

While the Philippines is a multi-party system, parties tend to group themselves into two major coalitions in midterm elections (e.g. Lakas-Laban vs NPC in 1995; PPC vs Puwersa ng Masa in 2001). This is opposed to senatorial elections in presidential election years where most presidential candidates also have senatorial slates. This results in an election where voters can choose between two major political forces. Sometimes a weaker third coalition is also formed.

Winning candidates are proclaimed by the Commission on Elections (COMELEC), sitting as the National Board of Canvassers. Candidates are proclaimed senators-elect if the thirteenth-place candidate no longer has a mathematical chance of surpassing the twelfth-place candidate. Post-proclamation disputes are handled by the Senate Electoral Tribunal, a body composed of six senators and three justices from the Supreme Court.

Coalitions

2016 election

As the 2016 Senate election was held concurrently with the presidential election, most of the presidential candidates also put up their respective senatorial slates. These slates shared several candidates, although most of the shared candidates only campaigned with one slate. The presidential election was won by Davao City Mayor Rodrigo Duterte of the Partido Demokratiko Pilipino-Lakas ng Bayan (PDP-Laban), while the vice presidency was won by the Liberal Party's Leni Robredo, the representative from Camarines Sur. [1] Senator Bongbong Marcos disputed Robredo's victory, and his electoral protest is still pending at the Presidential Electoral Tribunal. [2] The ruling Liberal Party won a plurality of seats in the Senate election, but politicians friendly to Duterte had the clear majority.

Koko Pimentel, Duterte's party-mate, was elected as President of the Senate in July 2016 by a large majority, while a handful of Liberal Party senators comprised the minority; they were later joined by other Liberal Party members who had earlier voted for Pimentel, forming a six-person minority bloc in the Senate. [3]

Pimentel resigned from the Senate presidency in May 21, 2018. He was replaced by Tito Sotto of the Nationalist People's Coalition (NPC), who was elected by majority of the senators. [4]

Coalition for Change / Tapang at Malasakit Alliance

In October 2017, Partido Demokratiko Pilipino-Lakas ng Bayan (PDP-Laban) is only considering to form a coalition with the Nacionalista Party for the 2019 senatorial elections. [5]

On November 2017, PDP-Laban reportedly released a "partial list" of their senatorial slate for the 2019 edition consisting of six people. The party's president Aquilino Pimentel III clarified that the list is not finalized and remarked that there was "no party decision yet". In January 2018, the House Speaker announced that the 6 candidates were now official. [6] In February 2018, two more names were added to PDP-Laban's potential slate. [7]

Pimentel announced a shortlist of 20 names in April 2018. It includes himself and the five other senators that are members of the majority bloc, several administration officials, representatives, and private citizens. Pimentel said that his list was not approved by Alvarez when he released it. [8]

By August 2018, Pimentel wrote to Duterte of their party's prospective candidates for the Senate. Pimentel divided the names into three groups: members of PDP-Laban, outsiders, and the incumbent senators of the majority bloc. Pimentel said that Duterte's decision would be final in the composition of their slate. [9]

PDP-Laban is embroiled in a leadership dispute with one faction headed by Pimentel and the other by Willy Talag, president of the party's Makati City council and chair of the membership committee of the NCR Chapter. Talag said during an assembly of the party on July 27 that PDP-Laban's current leaders have committed violations, including holding mass oath taking of members "without proper basic seminar" and swearing in officials that are "involved in illegal drugs." The faction elected Rogelio Garcia and Talag as party president and chairman, respectively, removing Senator Aquilino "Koko" Pimentel III and Rep. Pantaleon Alvarez from their respective positions. Koko Pimentel dismissed the election of new leaders, disowning the group and assembly, and called the event an "unofficial, unauthorized, rogue assembly using the name of PDP-Laban". Sen. Pimentel, who personally dismissed the election, together with PDP-Laban vice chairman and Department of Energy Sec. Alfonso Cusi and Rep. Alvarez, have notified members that the supposed national assembly was not officially sanctioned by the party. Special Assistant to the President Bong Go said in an interview with CNN Philippines that Duterte is set to meet the two factions, in an effort to unite the party. Talag issued a Certificate of Nomination for singer Freddie Aguilar, who was later endorsed by President Duterte. The COMELEC is yet to resolve the leadership dispute.

Oposisyon Koalisyon

In March 2018, a supposed Liberal Party slate was circulated on social media. The list of candidates included Interior Secretary Mar Roxas, Sen. Bam Aquino, former Senators Teofisto Guingona III and Ramon Magsaysay Jr., former Pampanga Governor Eddie Panlilio, former Representative from Quezon Lorenzo Tañada III, Representative from Albay Edcel Lagman, Representative from Northern Samar Raul Daza, Magdalo Representative Gary Alejano, Representatives Jose Christopher Belmonte from Quezon City and Kaka Bag-ao from Dinagat Islands, and Cebu City Mayor Tomas Osmeña. [10] However, on April 2, Magsaysay said that he had no plans of returning to the Senate. [11] Lagman, Daza, and Belmonte all denied that they are running for senator. Alejano, meanwhile, neither confirmed nor denied his plans. [12] After multiple candidates denied interest in running, Senator Francis Pangilinan denied that this slate was an accurate list of Liberal Party candidates, as the official list had yet to be finalized. [10]

In April, Antonio Trillanes said that his Samahang Magdalo was cooperating with the Liberal Party, Akbayan and Tindig Pilipinas to put up an opposition coalition against the pro-Duterte parties. [13] On April 24, Liberal Party and other groups urged Mar Roxas to run. [14] By mid-May, the Liberal Party had settled on several names; however, Roxas himself declined to run. The Liberals intend to form a coalition with anti-Duterte groups, with the slate being named as "the Resistance". [15] In June, Alejano announced his intention to run. [16]

Leni Robredo announced that she is accepting the role of opposition leader in the election, and they will release the line-up by mid-September. The line up may include former Chief Justice Maria Lourdes Sereno, who was removed from office by a quo warranto petition. [17] By August, Roxas, in an interview at Robredo's radio show said that he was unsure of his plans in 2019. [18] In early September, a list of 18 possible candidates was publicized by the coalition. The list included incumbent senator Paolo Benigno "Bam" Aquino IV, Magdalo representative Gary Alejano, former Department of Interior and Local Government secretary Manuel "Mar" Roxas II, former chief justice Maria Lourdes Sereno, former Quezon representative Lorenzo "Erin" Tañada III, lawyer Jose Manuel "Chel" Diokno, former Bangsamoro Transition Committee member Samira Gutoc, former Solicitor General Florin Hilbay, former Akbayan representative Ibarra "Barry" Gutierrez III, actor Dingdong Dantes, former presidential spokesman Edwin Lacierda, writer Manuel Luis "Manolo" Quezon III, activist Leah Navarro, actress Agot Isidro, musician Jim Paredes, election lawyer Romulo Macalintal, former Social Welfare secretary Corazon "Dinky" Soliman, and ex-chief justice Hilario Davide Jr. [19]

Nationalist People's Coalition

By June 2017, Nationalist People's Coalition (NPC), erstwhile chairman emeritus Danding Cojuangco returned as chairman, in an active leadership role. Senate Majority Leader Tito Sotto said Cojuangco was reportedly unsatisfied with how the party was being run, as leadership cannot agree on what direction to take. [20]

The party is considering all of the eligible incumbents from the majority bloc to run in its slate as "Friends of the party". Sotto also said that Bam Aquino, the only non-term limited incumbent from the minority bloc, was also invited to run in their slate. Aquino is the nephew of NPC founder Cojuangco who Sotto said will personally help Aquino in the latter's campaign. [21] Sotto announced in July 2018 that Senator JV Ejercito and former senator Lito Lapid would run under the NPC banner. Ejercito said this is to avoid with him running together with his half-brother Jinggoy Estrada, under the Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino. Lapid was formerly from the now moribund Lakas-CMD. [22]

Hugpong ng Pagbabago, Nacionalista, and other alliances

Hugpong ng Pagbabago, Davao City mayor Sara Duterte's regional political party centered in the Davao Region formed in mid-2018, reportedly had national parties wanting to force alliances with. [23] By August, Hugpong signed alliances with the Nacionalista Party, Nationalist People's Coalition, the National Unity Party and six other local parties. [24] In August, incumbent senator Cynthia Villar announced that she will seek reelection, while the coalition will also support the candidacies of governor Imee Marcos and representative Pia Cayetano. [25]

Partido Federal ng Pilipinas

A new political party called Partido Federal ng Pilipinas (Federal Party of the Philippines) was launched [26] and accredited by the Commission on Election on October 8, 2018 [27] . It elected Land Bank of the Philippines director Jesus Hinlo as president. [28] On October 17, 2018, the party fielded three senatorial candidates in the 2019 midterm election namely Maria Socorro Manahan, Elmer Francisco, and Diosdado Padilla. [29] The group is sympathetic with the president and advocated for the Philippines' shift to federalism.

Term-limited and retiring incumbents

The following are barred from running since they are on their second consecutive six-year term:

Alan Peter Cayetano, who was on his second consecutive term, resigned from the Senate in order to become Secretary of Foreign Affairs on May 18, 2017. It left one vacant seat and since it was vacated less than three years before Cayetano's term expires, no special election will be held to fill the seat. Cayetano resigned as foreign affairs secretary on October 17, 2018 and filed candidacy as House representative from Taguig's 1st district. [38]

It's disputed if Koko Pimentel (PDP–Laban) is on his second term already, considering he only took over from Juan Miguel Zubiri's seat after the latter resigned and Pimentel won his electoral protest against him. See banned candidacies, below.

Candidates

Half of the seats in the Senate, or the 12 seats disputed in odd-numbered years since 1995, are up in the 2019 senatorial election.

Incumbents not term limited

All six incumbents filed candidacies for senator.

Accepted candidacies

The filing of Certificate of Candidacies (COCs) was scheduled on October 1-5, 2018, although resolutions in the Senate and the House of Representatives are pushing for the re-scheduling of filing to October 11-17, 2018, as most parties have not yet finalized their senatorial slates. The commission acceded to Congress' requests, and filing ended on October 17.

The commission is expected to release a final list of candidates by December 15. [49] The commission accepted all of the certificate as it saw it as a clerical task not to discriminate when filing. This is the list of those who filed, as long as they have Wikipedia articles, or were elected into office above the barangay level, or served in the government in the assistant secretary level or above:

PartyNameLast government position
PDP-Laban Freddie Aguilar
Liberal Gary AlejanoRepresentative for Magdalo Party-List (since 2016)
Bagumbayan-VNP Raffy Alunan Secretary of the Interior and Local Government (1992–96)
LDP Sonny Angara Senator (since 2013)
Liberal Bam Aquino Senator (since 2013)
UNA Nancy Binay Senator (since 2013)
Lakas Bong Revilla Senator (2004–16)
Nacionalista Pia Cayetano Representative from Taguig's 2nd district (since 2016)
PMM Melchor Chavez
KDP Glenn Chong former Representative from Biliran
Makabayan Neri Colmenares Representative for Bayan Muna (2007–16)
PDP-Laban Ronald dela Rosa Director-General of the Bureau of Corrections (2018)
Liberal Chel Diokno
NPC JV Ejercito Senator (since 2013)
PMP Jinggoy Estrada Senator (2004–16)
PDP-Laban Bong Go Special Assistant to the President (2016–18)
Aksyon Florin Hilbay Solicitor-General (2015–16)
NPC Lito Lapid Senator (2004–16)
PDP-Laban Zajid MangundadatuRepresentative from Maguindanao's 2nd district (since 2013)
Independent Jiggy Manicad
Nacionalista Imee Marcos Governor of Ilocos Norte (since 2010)
Independent Sergio Osmeña III Senator (2010–16)
PDP-Laban Koko Pimentel Senator (since 2007)
Independent Grace Poe Senator (since 2013)
PMP Juan Ponce Enrile Senator (2004–16)
Aksyon Ernesto RamelAssistant Secretary to the Office of the Political Adviser to the President (2011–16)
UNA Dan RoledaCouncilor from Manila's 4th district (1992–98)
PRP Harry Roque Presidential Spokesperson (2017–18)
Liberal Mar Roxas Secretary of the Interior and Local Government (2012–15)
Liberal Erin Tañada Representative from Quezon's 4th district (2004–13)
PDP-Laban Francis Tolentino Presidential Adviser on Political Affairs (2017–18)
Liberal Samira Gutoc-Tomawis Regional assemblyperson from Lanao del Sur's 1st district
Nacionalista Cynthia Villar Senator (since 2013)

Declared candidacies

These are the people who have personally publicly announced their intention to run for a Senate seat.

Publicly expressed interest

These are the people who have personally publicly considered their intention to run for a Senate seat.

Potential candidates

These persons are considered as potential candidates or have been named by someone else as a potential candidate.

Declined candidacy

These are the people who have personally publicly denied their intention to run for a Senate seat.

Banned candidacies

These are the people who are not allowed to run for a Senate seat.

Opinion polling

Opinion polling, locally known as "surveys" in the Philippines, is conducted by Social Weather Stations (SWS), Pulse Asia and other pollsters. The first poll released through by the DZRH website reportedly done by SWS in December 2017 was not posted in SWS's official website, and SWS neither confirmed nor denied the existence of the survey when asked by the Philippine Star, leading to speculation that it was commissioned by a third party. [91]

For candidates named by less than 10% of respondents, see the main article.

Survey details

Date/s administered Pollster Sample size Margin of error Major issues when poll was administered
March 23–28, 2018 [92] Pulse Asia 1,200±3%Movements to remove Chief Justice Maria Lourdes Sereno from office, withdrawal from the International Criminal Court, proposal to close Boracay Island, provisional acceptance of Janet Lim-Napoles to the Witness Protection Program. Only 57% of the respondents on the survey had surety in their 12 senatorial picks.
June 15–21, 2018 [93] Pulse Asia 1,800±2%Ouster of Chief Justice Maria Lourdes Sereno, the anti-loiterer campaign of the government, killing of Catholic priests
September 1–7, 2018 [94] Pulse Asia 1,800±2%Invalidation of the amnesty given to Antonio Trillanes, record-high inflation, Xiamen Airlines Flight 8667 accident at the Ninoy Aquino International Airport
September 15–23, 2018 [95] Social Weather Stations 1,500±3%This survey was commissioned by Alde Joselito Pagulayan.
September 15–23, 2018 [96] Social Weather Stations 1,500±3%This survey was commissioned by Francis Tolentino.

Per candidate

NameParty2018
Mar 23–28Jun 15–21Sep 1–7Sep 15–23Sep 15–23
Pulse [92] Pulse [93] Pulse [94] SWS [95] SWS [96]
Grace Poe Independent70.8%, 167.4%, 170.1%, 152%, 143%, 2–3
Cynthia Villar Nacionalista 55.6%, 2–350.1%, 3–457.7%, 2–346%, 253%, 1
Pia Cayetano Nacionalista 53.8%, 2–355.7%, 254.4%, 2–437%, 343%, 2–3
Nancy Binay UNA 45.8%, 4–637.1%, 6–1250.6%, 3–431%, 426%, 8–9
Sonny Angara LDP 44.9%, 4–741.9%, 4–837.1%, 5–726%, 826%, 8–9
Sara Duterte PDP–Laban 43.8%, 4–746.2%, 3–539.5%, 5–624%, 9—
Koko Pimentel PDP–Laban 39.8%, 5–937.7%. 5–1232.4%. 7–1130%, 5–633%, 4–5
Sergio Osmeña III Independent38.0%, 7–1236.6%, 6–1329.8%, 8–1719%, 13–1624%, 11–12
Erwin Tulfo Independent36.7%, 7–13————
Lito Lapid Independent33.8%, 8–1536.2%, 6–1332.2%, 7–1130%, 5–633%, 4–5
Ronald dela Rosa PDP–Laban 33.1%, 8–1537.7%, 5–1227.0%, 11–1719%, 13–1625%, 10
Jinggoy Estrada UNA 32.8%, 8–1537.9%, 5–1234.6%, 6–1029%, 731%, 6
Imee Marcos Nacionalista 32.2%, 9–1529.9%, 13–2032.6%, 7–1122%, 10–1224%, 11–12
Bam Aquino Liberal 30.5%, 10–1932.1%, 10–1620.1%, 18–2322%, 10–1222%, 13
JV Ejercito NPC 29.0%, 10–1935.6%, 6–1326.7%, 11–1719%, 13–1619%, 14
Robin Padilla Independent26.2%, 14–1928.2%. 13–2027.4%, 11–1719%, 13–16—
Herbert Bautista NPC 26.2%, 14–1928.5%, 13–2020.9%, 18–2117%, 17—
Ted Failon Independent25.6%, 14–1925.8%, 14–2121.9%, 18–20——
Mar Roxas Liberal 25.4%, 14–1927.1%, 14–2127.7%, 11–1722%, 10–1230%, 7
TG Guingona Liberal 17.5%, 20–2523.3%, 17–2117.3%, 20–2412%, 19—
Dingdong Dantes Independent16.8%, 20–25————
Rex Gatchalian NPC 16.7%, 14–1911.2%, 23–2813.3%, 24–286%, 25—
Francis Tolentino Independent14.6%, 20–269.9%, 23–3111.4%, 25–3111%, 2016%, 15
Gina Lopez Independent14.0%, 20–27—17.1%, 20–24——
Isko Moreno PMP 13.9%, 20–2715.5%, 2210.4%, 25–31——
Karlo Nograles PDP–Laban 10.6%, 24–328.4%, 24–339.0%, 27–334%, 27–30—
Harry Roque PRP 8.7%, 27–367.9%, 25–337.7%, 29–365%, 268%, 18
Neri Colmenares Makabayan 7.0%, 28–377.1%, 27–347.8%, 28–353%, 31–35—
Bong Go PDP–Laban 5.9%, 28–389.9%, 23–3114.1%, 22–2710%, 21–2212%, 16
Gary Alejano Liberal 2.1%, 38–541.6%, 43–561.6%, 44–623%, 31–354%, 22
Erin Tañada Liberal 1.7%, 39–555.2%, 32–383.4%, 36–463%, 31–355%, 21
Bong Revilla Lakas–CMD —26.7%, 14–2127.4%, 11–1715%, 18—
Ramon Tulfo Independent—27.1%, 14–2127.0%. 11–17——
Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo PDP–Laban —10.8%, 23–2911.9%, 24–2810%, 21–22—
Freddie Aguilar PDP–Laban —9.3%, 23–328.9%, 27–33——
Willie Ong Lakas–CMD —6.6%, 29–354.6%, 33–44——
Chel Diokno Liberal —3.2%, 35–481.6%, 44–62—3%, 23–24
Zajid Mangundadatu PDP–Laban —3.2%, 35–482.2%, 39–563%, 31–35—
Raffy Alunan Bagumbayan–VNP —2.0%, 39–561.8%, 43–613%, 31–35—
Florin Hilbay Aksyon —0.1%, 57–580.2%, 57–66—3%, 23–24
Kris Aquino Independent——17.7%, 19–23——
Don't know0.5%1.6%1.3%6%6%
None0.8%0.1%2.5%——
Refused4.5%1.9%1.0%——

Per party

Seats won

  • Totals may not add up to 12 due to margin of error.
DatePollster LDP Lakas LP NP PDP-Laban PMP UNA Ind
Mar 23–28, 2018 Pulse Asia [92] 10132124
Jun 15–21, 2018 Pulse Asia [93] 10122124
Sep 1–7, 2018 Pulse Asia [94] 11133125
Sep 15–23, 2018 SWS [95] 10232022
Sep 15–23, 2018 SWS [96] 10132023

Seats after the election

Totals may not add up to 24 due to margin of error.

DatePollster Akbayan LDP Lakas LP NP NPC PDP-Laban PMP UNA Ind
Jun 30, 2016 Start of 17th Congress 1106332035
Mar 23–28, 2018 Pulse Asia [92] 1106324127
Jun 15–21, 2018 Pulse Asia [93] 1106224127
Sep 1–7, 2018 Pulse Asia [93] 1116325128
Sep 15–23, 2018 SWS [95] 1106424024
Sep 15–23, 2018 SWS [96] 1105424025
Current party standings 1105333125

Notes:

  • Incumbent Senator Ralph Recto is denoted as a Liberal Party member up to September 21, 2018, after which he became a Nacionalista Party member. [97]
  • Incumbent Senator JV Ejercito is denoted as a PMP member up to October 10, 2018. after which he became an NPC member. [45]

Per coalition

A table will be added once the coalitions and alliances have been announced.

Issues

The announcement of detained politicians Bong Revilla and Jinggoy Estrada to run for the Senate again in January 2018 after being jailed due to the Priority Development Assistance Fund scam has led to the issue of whether detained personalities should or should not be allowed to run for public office again. In February, representative Gwendolyn Garcia was dismissed by the Ombudsman for a corruption case and barred her from seeking public positions from 2019 onward, but Garcia said that she will appeal the dismissal at the courts.

Candidates campaigning from detention were previously allowed; Senator Antonio Trillanes ran and won in 2007 despite being jailed for taking part in the Oakwood mutiny. Trillanes was ultimately convicted of participating in a coup d'etat after winning, but accepted the amnesty passed by Congress that was proposed by President Benigno Aquino III. [98] While convicts are not allowed to run anymore unless pardoned or accepting an amnesty, these people have pending cases as of yet and are innocent until proven guilty.

As this is a midterm election, it serves as a de facto referendum on the policies of the presidency of Rodrigo Duterte, such as pursuing the Philippine Drug War, federalism in the Philippines, and the Bangsamoro peace process, among other things.

Constitutional change

One of President Rodrigo Duterte's promises during the 2016 election campaign was to revise the current constitution and to shift the country from a unitary form to a federal form. On September 29, 2017, PDP-Laban presented a draft constitution to Congress. [99]

The House of Representatives, through Speaker Pantaleon Alvarez began its own hearings on constitutional change without the participation of the Senate. Alvarez took a hard line on the interpretation that voting via the Constituent Assembly would be joint, instead of the two chambers voting separately, as is the usual. A joint vote would've rendered the Senate's votes as virtually meaningless, as the representatives outnumber them by almost 300–23. Senators maintained that voting must be done separately. Senator Grace Poe moved that all moves to make the Senate irrelevant in the proposed constitution be rejected by the Senate, and supported Panfilo Lacson's suggestion that any vote be separate. [100]

Results

This is how the Senate is currently constituted. On July 25, 2016, voting 20-3, senators elected Koko Pimentel as the new Senate President. The senators who voted for Pimentel became the majority bloc. Senator Francis Escudero then nominated Senator Ralph Recto, a member of the Liberal Party, for the presidency. Senator Antonio Trillanes seconded Escudero’s nomination. During nominal voting, Pimentel voted for Recto. Recto voted for Pimentel. After losing the vote, Recto automatically became the Minority Leader. He was joined by Escudero and Trillanes. Drilon was later elected Senate President Pro-Tempore while Sotto was elected Majority Leader. [101]

On February 27, 2018, Senator Manny Pacquiao, a key administration ally, motioned to remove from key positions LP senators Franklin Drilon, Francis Pangilinan and Bam Aquino and opposition-allied Risa Hontiveros (Akbayan). Drilon was removed as Senate President Pro-Tempore, Pangilinan was relieved as agriculture committee chairman, and Aquino was sacked as education committee chairman. Hontiveros was also removed as health committee head. The revamp prompted the LP senators to shift to the minority bloc. De Lima later joined them. Senator Ralph Recto, who used to be the Senate Minority Leader, was elected to replace Drilon as Senate President Pro-Tempore. [102]

123456789101112131415161718192021222324
Before
election		Senate blocMajority blocMinority bloc
Party‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡
After
election		PartySeats up for election
Senate bloc 18th Congress of the Philippines

Key:


Per party

e  •  d  Summary of the May 13, 2019 Philippine Senate election results per party
PartySeats upSeats not upCurrent seats
Liberal (Liberal Party)145
NPC (Nationalist People's Coalition)224
Nacionalista (Nationalist Party)213
PDP-Laban (Philippine Democratic Party–People's Power)123
UNA (United Nationalist Alliance)202
Akbayan (Akbayan Citizens Action Party)011
LDP (Struggle of Democratic Filipinos)101
Independent 224
Vacant101
Total121224

Related Research Articles

Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino Political party in the Philippines

The Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino, formerly Partido ng Masang Pilipino is a populist political party in the Philippines. It is the political party of former Philippine President Joseph Estrada. In the 1998 presidential election, it aligned itself with other political parties to create Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino or LAMMP.

United Nationalist Democratic Organization

The United Nationalist Democratic Organization (UNIDO) was the main political multi-party electoral alliance of the traditional political opposition during the turbulent last years of Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos in the mid-1980s. It was formed in January 1980, and was originally known as the United Democratic Opposition from 1980 to 1982. It was initially a union of eight major and minor political parties and organizations with the main aim to oust President Marcos through a legal political process. In April 1982, the coalition changed its name to United Nationalist Democratic Organization, and increased its members to twelve parties. Shortly after the assassination of popular oppositionist Senator Benigno Aquino, Jr., the party was led by Senator Salvador Laurel of Batangas.

Antonio Trillanes Filipino politician

Antonio Fuentes Trillanes IV, is a retired Navy officer currently serving as a Senator of the Philippines and ex-mutineer against Philippine government. He was a vice presidential candidate in the 2016 Philippine presidential elections.

Genuine Opposition

Genuine Opposition (GO) is the political multi-party electoral alliance of the parties senatorial line-up for the 2007 Philippine midterm elections, which is in opposition to President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo. It was originally called the "United Opposition (UNO)", created by opposition stalwart and Makati City Mayor Jejomar Binay on June 2005 to unite all politicians who wanted to impeach President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo. UNO then reorganized itself and changed its name to Grand and Broad Coalition (GBC), with the UNO party under that coalition. On February 15, 2007 the group changed its name again to Genuine Opposition after a meeting with Senate President Manny Villar in his office in Las Piñas City and due to defection of 3 formerly opposition senators named Edgardo Angara, Teresa Aquino-Oreta and Tito Sotto to GMA's senatorial slate.

Nacionalista Party political party

The Nacionalista Party is the oldest political party in the Philippines and in Southeast Asia responsible for leading the country throughout the majority of the 20th century since its founding in 1907, being the ruling party from 1935 to 1944, 1944–1946, 1953–1957, 1957–1961 and 1965–1972.

2013 Philippine Senate election

The 2013 election to the Senate of the Philippines was the 31st election to the Senate of the Philippines. It was held on Monday, May 13, 2013 to elect 12 of the 24 seats in the Senate. Together with those elected in 2010, the candidates elected in this election shall comprise the 16th Congress. The senators elected in 2010 will serve until June 30, 2016, while the senators elected in this election will serve up to June 30, 2019. The elections to the House of Representatives as well as local elections occurred on the same date. The Philippines use plurality-at-large voting for seats in the Senate: the twelve candidates with the highest number of votes win the twelve seats up for election. The Senate seat vacated by President Benigno Aquino III in 2010 was among the twelve seats to be put for election.

Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino political party in the Philippines

The Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino is a political party in the Philippines founded on September 16, 1988.

2016 Philippine presidential election

The Philippine presidential and vice presidential elections of 2016 was held on Monday, May 9, 2016, as part of the 2016 general election. This was the 16th presidential election in the Philippines since 1935 and the sixth sextennial presidential election since 1986.

These are the people who, at one time or another, had been considered, announced, declined or withdrew his or her candidacy in the Philippine Senate election, 2013.

United Nationalist Alliance

The United Nationalist Alliance (UNA) is a political party in the Philippines. It was created as a multi-party electoral alliance replacing the former United Opposition (UNO) coalition for the 2013 midterm elections, before it was launched as a single political party on July 1, 2015 by Jejomar Binay for his candidacy in the 2016 presidential election.

Team PNoy

Team PNoy, formerly known as the LP–Akbayan–NPC–NP–LDP Coalition, was a political umbrella coalition in the Philippines, originally formed to support the administration-backed senatorial line-up for the 2013 Philippine Senate election. Team PNoy is composed mostly of supporters of former President Benigno Aquino III. The coalition is composed of the Liberal Party, the Nacionalista Party, the Nationalist People's Coalition, the Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino, the Akbayan Citizens' Action Party, the PDP–Laban and the National Unity Party.

2016 Philippine Senate election

The 2016 election of members to the Senate of the Philippines was the 32nd election of members to the Senate of the Philippines. The seats of 12 senators elected in 2010 were filled during this election. The winners in this election joined the winners of the 2013 election to form the 17th Congress of the Philippines. The senators elected in 2013 will serve until June 30, 2019, while the senators elected in this election will serve up to June 30, 2022.

2016 Philippine House of Representatives elections

The 2016 Philippine House of Representatives elections were the 34th lower house elections in the Philippines. They were held on May 9, 2016 to elect members to the House of Representatives of the Philippines. The winning candidates were to comprise the House's contingent in the 17th Congress of the Philippines that would serve from June 30, 2016 to June 30, 2019.

Koalisyon ng Daang Matuwid

The Koalisyon ng Daang Matuwid was the umbrella of the administration-backed presidential and senatorial line-up for the 2016 Philippine Senate election. It is composed of mostly supporter of Mar Roxas who announced his presidential bid after the endorsement of Philippine President Benigno Aquino III during the event at the Club Filipino on July 31, 2015. It is the remnant of Team PNoy which was formed by the Liberal Party along with Akbayan Citizens Action Party, Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino, the Nacionalista Party, the Nationalist People's Coalition and the National Unity Party as its coalition members.

Coalition for Change, also known as Kilusang Pagbabago, is the informal name of a multi-party umbrella coalition formed by the supporters of the administration of Rodrigo Duterte and the 17th Congress of the Philippines. Headed by PDP-Laban, it has formed coalition agreements with the Nacionalista Party, Lakas–CMD, Nationalist People's Coalition and National Unity Party, as well as the Centrist Democratic Party and an independent congressional block of 24 party-list groups.

2019 Philippine House of Representatives elections

The 2019 Philippine House of Representatives elections will be the 35th triennial election held in the Philippines to decide the 18th Congress of the Philippines. All seats in the House of Representatives will be contested. It is scheduled to be held on May 13, 2019.

Hugpong ng Pagbabago regional political party in the Philippines

Hugpong ng Pagbabago is a political alliance in the Philippines that began as a regional political party. It was formed by Davao City Mayor Sara Duterte in 2018. The party was established in support of her father President Rodrigo Duterte's government. In July 2018, the Philippine Commission on Elections granted the accreditation of Hugpong ng Pagbabago. In addition to the party's alignment with the Duterte administration, Sara Duterte said that she formed Hugpong ng Pagbabago "to pursue the ideals of what we all want, a strong region, a secure life for our constituents, good governance and effective leadership of the members of the party."

References

  1. ↑ "Duterte, Robredo win 2016 polls". ABS-CBN News. 2016-05-27.
  2. ↑ "Marcos protests Robredo victory on eve of oath-taking". Rappler. 2016-06-29. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  3. ↑ "Pimentel elected as Senate president | Philstar.com". philstar.com. Retrieved 2018-07-10.
  4. ↑ "Sotto elected Senate president". ABS-CBN News. 2018-05-21. Retrieved 2018-08-20.
  5. ↑ "Only PDP-Laban, NP members can be on 2019 Senate slate – Speaker". InterAksyon. 11 October 2017. Retrieved 20 November 2017.
  6. ↑ Alvarez, Kathrina Sharmaine (17 November 2017). "Mocha, Roque to run for Senate in 2019 under PDP-Laban —Alvarez". GMA News. Retrieved 20 November 2017.
  7. ↑ Cupin, Bea (2018-02-15). "Alvarez wants Bong Go in PDP-Laban Senate slate". Rappler. Retrieved 2018-02-22.
  8. 1 2 Ager, Maila (2018-04-19). "Who are PDP-Laban's possible Senate bets for 2019? Koko shows the 20 names". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
  9. 1 2 3 Salaverria, Leila B. (2017-08-17). "PDP-Laban asks Duterte to pick Senate bets". Philippine Daily Inquirer . Retrieved 2018-08-20.
  10. 1 2 "Pangilinan disowns 'LP list' of Senate 'bets'". Philippine Daily Inquirer .
  11. 1 2 "Magsaysay belies report he will run under LP in 2019". Philippine Daily Inquirer .
  12. 1 2 3 4 Yap, DJ. "LP scrambles to complete its senatorial slate for 2019 elections". Philippine Daily Inquirer (2018-03–31). Retrieved 22 April 2018.
  13. 1 2 Meneses, Tristan (9 April 2018). "Trillanes won't seek public office in 2019, says Magdalo to coalesce with 3 groups for opposition slate - DZRH News". DZRH News. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
  14. ↑ "Liberal Party, other groups urge Mar Roxas to run for senator". Rappler .
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 News, ABS-CBN. "Liberal Party eyes Agot Isidro in 2019 Senate slate". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  16. 1 2 News, ABS-CBN. "Magdalo's Alejano to run for senator in 2019". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 2018-07-03.
  17. ↑ News, ABS-CBN. "Robredo-led 'united opposition' to release senatorial slate in September". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 2018-07-10.
  18. 1 2 "Roxas still unsure of 2019 Senate run | Philstar.com". philstar.com. 2018-08-19. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
  19. ↑ https://www.rappler.com/nation/politics/elections/2019/211646-list-opposition-reveals-18-possible-names-for-2019-senate-slate
  20. ↑ Elemia, Camille (2017-06-17). "Danding Cojuangco returns as NPC chairman ahead of 2019 elections". Rappler. Retrieved 2018-08-24.
  21. ↑ "'Friends of the party' in initial NPC senatorial lineup". Rappler. Retrieved 2018-05-03.
  22. ↑ Torres, Sherrie Ann (2018-07-30). "JV Ejercito, Lito Lapid jump ship to NPC, says Sotto". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 2018-08-24.
  23. ↑ Cruz, RG (2018-07-27). "Sara Duterte's Hugpong ng Pagbabago to forge alliances with other parties". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 2018-08-24.
  24. ↑ Ranada, Pia (2018-08-13). "Hugpong ng Pagbabago seals alliance with NP, NPC, NUP". Rappler. Retrieved 2018-08-24.
  25. ↑ https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/08/29/18/imee-marcos-pia-cayetano-cynthia-villar-are-nacionalistas-2019-senatorial-bets
  26. ↑ http://www.dwiz882am.com/index.php/binuong-partido-federal-ng-pilipinas-pormal-nang-inilunsad/
  27. ↑ https://www.philstar.com/pilipino-star-ngayon/metro/2018/10/09/1858454/partido-federal-ng-pilipinas-pormal-nang-inilunsad-sa-qc
  28. ↑ http://www.visayandailystar.com/2018/June/25/topstory7.htm
  29. ↑ https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2018/10/18/1861155/list-senate-hopefuls-who-filed-cocs-2019-midterm-polls
  30. ↑ Lo, Ricky (2018-04-20). "Movie stars hope to shine in 2019 polls | Philstar.com". The Philippine Star . Retrieved 2018-08-20.
  31. ↑ Elemia, Camille (2018-10-12). "Chiz Escudero running for Sorsogon governor in 2019". Rappler. Retrieved 22 October 2018.
  32. ↑ "Gringo Honasan 'most likely' to be named DICT secretary". InterAksyon. 5 December 2017. Retrieved 1 March 2018.
  33. ↑ Torres, Sherrie Ann. "Honasan as DICT chief? 'I cannot answer'". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 1 March 2018.
  34. ↑ Tubeza, Philip C. "Legarda eyed for DSWD post after Senate term ends in 2019".
  35. ↑ Yap, Tara (2018-10-17). "Legarda to run as Antique congresswoman". Manila Bulletin . Retrieved 9 November 2018.
  36. ↑ "NOT A RESIDENT? | Sen. Legarda facing possible disqualification for 2019 Congress bid". News5. Retrieved 9 November 2018.
  37. ↑ Romero, Paolo. "Loren Legarda's voter registration transfer to Antique OK'd | Philstar.com". philstar.com (2018-11–02). Retrieved 9 November 2018.
  38. ↑ "Cayetano says wife Lani eyes Congress seat, too". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 21 October 2018.
  39. ↑ "Angara files COC for second Senate term". GMA News Online. 2018-10-17. Retrieved 21 October 2018.
  40. 1 2 "Liberal Party to field senatorial bets in 2019 – Drilon". Rappler.
  41. ↑ "Bam Aquino files COC, seeks 2nd Senate term". ABS-CBN News. 2018-10-16. Retrieved 21 October 2018.
  42. 1 2 3 "Koko bares 'personal' choices for Duterte's 2019 senatorial slate". GMA News Online. Retrieved 24 February 2018.
  43. ↑ News, Patrick Quintos, ABS-CBN. "There can only be one: JV vs Jinggoy looming in 2019 polls?". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 24 February 2018.
  44. ↑ Ager, Maila. "Jinggoy Estrada out of PDP-Laban Senate slate, JV Ejercito in — Pimentel".
  45. 1 2 "JV Ejercito leaves father Erap's party, takes oath as NPC member". ABS-CBN News . 2018-10-10. Retrieved 11 October 2018.
  46. ↑ Ager, Maila. "Poe unsure of running in May 2019 polls". Philippine Daily Inquirer . Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  47. ↑ Gonzales, Cathrine (2018-10-15). "Grace Poe files COC, seeks Senate reelection". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved 21 October 2018.
  48. 1 2 Elemia, Camille (2018-04-27). "NP to field Imee Marcos, Cynthia Villar, Pia Cayetano in senatorial elections". Rappler. Retrieved 3 August 2018.
  49. ↑ Yee, Jovic (2018-10-18). "Neophytes, veterans beat Comelec deadline, file senatorial bids" . Retrieved 18 October 2018.
  50. ↑ "Magdalo to push for Alejano's senatorial bid - Trillanes". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
  51. 1 2 3 Cepeda, Mara (2018-09-25). "LP's initial Senate slate for 2019: Bam Aquino, Chel Diokno, Erin Tañada". Rappler. Retrieved 25 September 2018.
  52. ↑ Pabico Lalu, Gabriel. "Bayan Muna's Neri Colmenares aims for Senate seat in 2019". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved 27 September 2018.
  53. ↑ Ager, Maila. "Pacquiao bats for 'Bato' inclusion in admin's 2019 Senate slate". Inquirer.net (2017-11–21). Retrieved 21 April 2018.
  54. ↑ News, ABS-CBN (2018-09-12). "Dela Rosa joins Duterte party, confirms 2019 Senate bid". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
  55. ↑ Ager, Maila. "Jinggoy: I will run for senator in 2019 polls" . Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  56. 1 2 3 Ager, Maila. "Opposition eyes ex-Duterte appointee as among 2019 Senate bets" . Retrieved 2018-07-09.
  57. ↑ "Inunahan sa announcement! Lito Lapid 'seriously considering' Senate comeback, Sotto reveals". Latest Philippine News Today. 2018-04-26. Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  58. ↑ Lalu, Gabriel Pabico (2018-10-04). "Macalintal to vie for a Senate seat in 2019 polls". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved 5 October 2018.
  59. 1 2 3 "Alvarez wants Bong Go in PDP-Laban Senate slate". Rappler. Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  60. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Jesus, Julliane Love De. "Alvarez wants PDP-Laban 2019 Senate slate exclusive for members". Philippine Daily Inquirer . Retrieved 24 February 2018.
  61. ↑ "Harry Roque turns back on Malacanang, seeks return to his 'happy place'". ABS-CBN News. 2018-10-15. Retrieved 15 October 2018.
  62. ↑ "Harry Roque running for Senate, dumps Duterte's political party". CNN Philippines. 2018-10-17. Retrieved 18 October 2018.
  63. ↑ "Aguirre open to run in 2019 Senatorial elections". Yahoo! Philippines News. Retrieved 24 February 2018.
  64. ↑ Merez, Arianne (2018-04-06). "Aguirre mum on reason behind resignation, says leaving DOJ 'better than we found it'". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
  65. ↑ "Imee Marcos sees Ilocos boost for Senate bid". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  66. ↑ News, Jorge Cariño, ABS-CBN. "Imee still unsure of 2019 senatorial bid but lays down 3-pt agenda". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  67. ↑ Orellana, Faye (2018-08-29). "Imee Marcos running for Senate in 2019 – Villar". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved 30 August 2018.
  68. 1 2 Esguerra, Anthony Q. "Bam Aquino: Sereno, Morales should join opposition slate for 2019 polls" . Retrieved 2018-06-18.
  69. 1 2 Nonato, Vince F. "Fariñas on 2019 plans: Can I just retire instead?". Philippine Daily Inquirer (2017-10–09). Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  70. ↑ Adel, Rosette (2018-04-22). "Jiggy Manicad leaves media for 'next level' of public service". philstar.com. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
  71. ↑ "Mar Roxas in 2019? 'Let's cross the bridge when we get there'". Rappler. Retrieved 2018-05-24.
  72. ↑ "PAO chief denies eyeing Senate seat". ABS-CBN News. 2018-09-02. Retrieved 2 September 2018.
  73. ↑ "Kris Aquino: 'I won't run for Senate in 2019'". Manila Bulletin . 2018-09-22. Retrieved 23 September 2018.
  74. ↑ Espina, Marchel P. (7 October 2017). "Pimentel: Benitez 'interested' to run for senator in 2019". SunStar. Retrieved 24 February 2018.
  75. ↑ Serato, Arniel (2018-09-17). "Dingdong Dantes ends speculations about possible Senate run". Philippine Entertainment Portal. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
  76. ↑ "Mayor Sara Duterte says she'll run for re-election in 2019". Manila Bulletin News. Retrieved 24 February 2018.
  77. ↑ Sambalud, Mart. "Sara threatens Senate run". Philippine Daily Inquirer . Retrieved 24 February 2018.
  78. ↑ "Sara Duterte to seek Davao City reelection in 2019". ABS-CBN News. 2018-08-30.
  79. ↑ Nawal, Allan. "Bong Go: Fisherfolk should be taught territorial boundaries to avoid arrest" . Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  80. ↑ Maitem, Jeoffrey. "Bong Go says he won't run for senator in 2019" . Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  81. ↑ Roxas, DJ Yap, Pathricia Ann V. "'I am not running for Senate in 2019' – Bongbong Marcos".
  82. ↑ "Sereno not ruling out Senate run". cnn. Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  83. ↑ https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/09/23/18/sereno-wont-be-seeking-senate-seat
  84. ↑ "Mocha Uson, Harry Roque to run for Senate in 2019 — House Speaker". cnn.
  85. ↑ Viray, Patricia Lourdes (2018-10-08). "Mocha Uson confirms she will run in 2019 | Philstar.com". philstar.com. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
  86. ↑ "Mocha Uson files nomination as party-list rep". ABS-CBN News. 2018-10-15. Retrieved 15 October 2018.
  87. ↑ News, ABS-CBN (2018-02-12). "Deputy Speaker Gwen Garcia ordered dismissed over grave misconduct". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 17 February 2018.
  88. ↑ Buan, Lian (2018-02-15). "Is it game over for Gwen Garcia after Ombudsman's dismissal order?". Rappler. Retrieved 17 February 2018.
  89. ↑ "Nothing illegal with Koko's 2019 senatorial bid: Macalintal". Philippine News Agency . Retrieved 24 February 2018.
  90. ↑ Gagalac, Ron (2018-10-22). "Koko faces disqualification case over senatorial bid". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 22 October 2018.
  91. ↑ "Grace Poe leads 2019 Senate survey; Sara Duterte in Magic 12". Philippine Star . 2018-01-05. Retrieved 2018-01-05.
  92. 1 2 3 4 "March 2018 Nationwide Survey on the May 2019 Senatorial Elections – Pulse Asia Research Inc". www.pulseasia.ph.
  93. 1 2 3 4 5 "June 2018 Nationwide Survey on the May 2019 Senatorial Elections – Pulse Asia Research Inc". www.pulseasia.ph.
  94. 1 2 3 "September 2018 Nationwide Survey on the May 2019 Senatorial Elections – Pulse Asia Research Inc". www.pulseasia.ph. Retrieved 22 September 2018.
  95. 1 2 3 4 Stations, Social Weather. "Social Weather Stations | SWS survey on enatorial preferences reported in Inquirer.net (10/12/2018) was sponsored by Mr. Alde Joselito Pagulayan". www.sws.org.ph. Retrieved 15 October 2018.
  96. 1 2 3 4 "Social Weather Stations | SWS survey on senatorial preferences reported in Philippine Star (10/11/2018) was sponsored by Sec. Francis Tolentino". www.sws.org.ph. Retrieved 15 October 2018.
  97. ↑ Cepeda, Mara (2018-09-21). "Rectos leave Liberal Party, join Nacionalista Party". Rappler. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
  98. ↑ "Trillanes avails of amnesty, admits 'breaking rules'". GMA News Online.
  99. ↑ "Federalism in PH – what Duterte's party is proposing". Rappler. September 29, 2017. Retrieved October 10, 2017.
  100. ↑ Ager, Maila (2018-01-18). "Poe rallies senators vs moves to weaken Senate in Cha-cha plans". Philippine Daily Inquirer . Retrieved 18 February 2018.
  101. ↑ Ager, Maila (2016-07-25). "Koko Pimentel takes Senate presidency by 20-3 vote". Philippine Daily Inquirer . Retrieved 10 September 2018.
  102. ↑ Elemia, Camille (2017-02-27). "Senate ousts Drilon, LP senators from key posts". Rappler . Retrieved 10 September 2018.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.