1953 Philippine presidential election

Last updated

1953 Philippine presidential election
Flag of the Philippines (navy blue).svg
  1949 November 10, 1953 1957  
  Ramon-Magsaysay-01.jpg Elpidio R Quirino.jpg
Nominee Ramon Magsaysay Elpidio Quirino
Party Nacionalista Liberal
Running mate Carlos P. Garcia José Yulo
Popular vote2,912,9921,313,991
Percentage68.90%31.08%

1953 Philippine presidential election results per province.png
Election results per province/city.

President before election

Elpidio Quirino
Liberal

Elected President

Ramon Magsaysay
Nacionalista

1953 Philippine vice presidential election
Flag of the Philippines (navy blue).svg
  1949 November 10, 1953 1957  
  Carlos P Garcia photo.jpg Yulo Jose.jpg
Candidate Carlos P. Garcia José Yulo
Party Nacionalista Liberal
Popular vote2,515,2651,483,802
Percentage62.90%37.10%

Vice President before election

Fernando Lopez
Democratic

Elected Vice President

Carlos P. Garcia
Nacionalista

The 1953 Philippine presidential and vice presidential elections were held on November 10, 1953. [1] Former Defense Secretary Ramon Magsaysay was elected President of the Philippines, defeating Incumbent Elpidio Quirino in his run for a second full term. His running mate Senator Carlos P. Garcia defeated Quirino's running mate Senator José Yulo. Incumbent Vice President Fernando Lopez did not run for re-election. With Magsaysay's election as president, he became the first elected president that did not come from the Senate.

Contents

Summary

After seven years of Liberal rule, the Nacionalista Party laced a strong presidential candidate to end the regime. [2]

Nacionalista Party

Senator Jose P. Laurel Jose P. Laurel.JPG
Senator Jose P. Laurel

Former President and then-Senator Jose P. Laurel initially had intentions to seek the NP's nomination for president in 1953 but did not go through with it. He then proposed to endorse Secretary of National Defense Ramon Magsaysay, whose successful anti-insurgency and anti-communist initiatives had strained his relations with President Quirino and the LP.

Senate President Camilo Osias Senate President Camilo Osias.jpg
Senate President Camilo Osías

Senate President Camilo Osías sought the presidential nomination but ultimately lost to Magsaysay. Senator Carlos P. Garcia of Bohol was picked to be his running-mate.

Liberal Party

Former Foreign Affairs Secretary Carlos P. Romulo Carlos Romulo Clark Air Base 1979.jpg
Former Foreign Affairs Secretary Carlos P. Romulo

The Liberal Party renominated President Elpidio Quirino and former House Speaker and Liberal Party President José Yulo for president and vice-president respectively.

Following the nomination, Philippine Ambassador to Washington Carlos P. Romulo and his men walked out of the LP convention and formed the Democratic Party. The DP then nominated Romulo for the presidency and supported the re-election of Vice President Fernando Lopez.

What was supposed to be a three-way race was reduced to a battle between the ruling Liberals against the Nacionalistas after the DP withdrew in support of Magsaysay, resulting in the Nacionalista-Democrata-Nationalist Citizens’ Party (NCP) coalition.


Results

President

Magsaysay carried most of the provinces except Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union, Tawi-Tawi, Sulu and Abra in which Ilocos Sur is a bailiwick and home province of President Quirino.

CandidatePartyVotes%
Ramon Magsaysay Nacionalista Party 2,912,99268.90
Elpidio Quirino Liberal Party 1,313,99131.08
Gaudencio BuenoIndependent7360.02
Total4,227,719100.00
Valid votes4,227,71997.71
Invalid/blank votes98,9872.29
Total votes4,326,706100.00
Registered voters/turnout5,603,23177.22
Source: Nohlen, Grotz, Hartmann, Hasall and Santos [3]
Popular vote
Magsaysay
68.90%
Quirino
31.08%
Others
0.02%

Vice-President

Garcia also carried the provinces who voted for Magsaysay except for Isabela, Capiz and Sulu who voted for Yulo. The provinces who voted for President Quirino also voted for Yulo.

CandidatePartyVotes%
Carlos P. Garcia Nacionalista Party 2,515,26562.90
José Yulo Liberal Party 1,483,80237.10
Total3,999,067100.00
Valid votes3,999,06792.43
Invalid/blank votes327,6397.57
Total votes4,326,706100.00
Registered voters/turnout5,603,23177.22
Source: Nohlen, Grotz, Hartmann, Hasall and Santos [4]
Popular vote
Garcia
62.90%
Yulo
37.10%

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1965 Philippine Senate election</span>

A senatorial election was held on November 9, 1965 in the Philippines. The Nacionalista Party wrestled back control of the Senate; originally a Liberal, Senate President Ferdinand Marcos defected to the Nacionalistas, became their presidential candidate and won this year's election.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1953 Philippine Senate election</span>

Elections for the members of the Senate were held on November 10, 1953 in the Philippines. Incumbent President Elpidio Quirino of the Liberal Party lost his opportunity to get a second full term as President of the Philippines to former Defense Secretary Ramon Magsaysay of the Nacionalista Party. Quirino's running mate, Senator Jose Yulo lost to Senator Carlos P. Garcia. Vice President Fernando Lopez did not run for re-election and ran for the Senate instead, in which he emerged as the candidate with the most votes. This was the first time that an elected president did not come from the Senate. To further compound the Liberal Party's woes, they also failed to win any seats in the Senate in this election.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1949 Philippine Senate election</span>

Elections for the members of the Senate were held on November 8, 1949 in the Philippines.

This list of presidential elections in the Philippines includes election results of both presidential and vice presidential elections since 1899 with the candidates' political party and their corresponding percentage.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1971 Philippine Senate election</span>

A senatorial election was held on November 8, 1971 in the Philippines. The opposition Liberal Party won five seats in the Philippine Senate while three seats were won by the Nacionalista Party, the administration party; this was seen as a consequence of the Plaza Miranda bombing on August 21, 1971, which wounded all of the Liberal Party's candidates and almost took the lives of John Henry Osmeña and Jovito Salonga. Their terms as senators were cut short as a result of the declaration of martial law by President Ferdinand Marcos on September 23, 1972.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1959 Philippine Senate election</span>

A senatorial election was held on November 10, 1959 in the Philippines. The 1959 elections were known as the 1959 Philippine midterm elections as the date when the elected officials take office falls halfway through President Carlos P. Garcia's four-year term.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1955 Philippine Senate election</span>

A senatorial election in the Philippines was held on November 8, 1955. This was a midterm election, the date when the winners took office falling halfway through President Ramon Magsaysay's four-year term.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1951 Philippine Senate election</span>

A senatorial election was held in the Philippines on November 13, 1951. The election was known as a midterm election as the date when elected candidates take office falls halfway through President Elpidio Quirino's four-year term.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1965 Philippine presidential election</span> Selection of the Southeast Asian countrys head of state

The 1965 Philippine presidential and vice presidential elections were held on November 9, 1965. Incumbent President Diosdado Macapagal lost his opportunity to get a second full term as president of the Philippines to Senate President Ferdinand Marcos. His running mate, Senator Gerardo Roxas, lost to former vice president Fernando Lopez. Emmanuel Pelaez, who resigned in the Cabinet and from the Liberal Party, then sought the Nacionalista Party presidential nomination and lost it to Marcos, did not run for vice president and instead ran in the House of Representatives as an independent. An unprecedented twelve candidates ran for president; however, nine of those won 200 votes or less.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1957 Philippine presidential election</span>

The 1957 Philippine presidential and vice presidential elections were held on November 12, 1957. Incumbent President and Vice President to Ramon Magsaysay, Carlos P. Garcia was elected for a full term as President of the Philippines. Garcia assumed the post following the death of Magsaysay in a plane crash earlier that year. His running mate, Speaker Jose Laurel Jr., lost to Pampanga Representative Diosdado Macapagal. This was the first time in Philippine electoral history wherein a president was elected by a plurality rather than a majority, and in which the winning presidential and vice presidential candidates came from different parties.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1949 Philippine presidential election</span>

The 1949 Philippine presidential and vice presidential elections were held on November 8, 1949. Incumbent President Elpidio Quirino won a full term as President of the Philippines after the death of President Manuel Roxas in 1948. His running mate, Senator Fernando Lopez, won as Vice President. Despite factions created in the administration party, Quirino won a satisfactory vote from the public. It was the only time in Philippine history where the duly elected president, vice president and senators all came from the same party, the Liberal Party. Carlos P. Romulo and Marvin M. Gray, publisher of the Manila Evening News, accuse Quirino in their book The Magsaysay Story of widespread fraud and intimidation of the opposition by military action, calling it the "dirty election".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1946 Philippine presidential election</span>

The 1946 Philippine presidential and vice presidential elections were held on April 23, 1946, pursuant to Commonwealth Act No. 725. Incumbent president Sergio Osmeña ran for a full term, but was defeated by senator Manuel Roxas. Meanwhile, senator Elpidio Quirino defeated fellow senator Eulogio Rodriguez to become vice president.

Elecions for the president, vice-president, members of the Senate, members of the House of Representatives and local positions were held on April 23, 1946, pursuant to Commonwealth Act No. 725

Presidential, legislative, and local elections were held on November 8, 1949 in the Philippines. Incumbent President Elpidio Quirino won a full term as President of the Philippines after the death of President Manuel Roxas in 1948. His running mate, Senator Fernando Lopez won as Vice President. Despite factions created in the administration party, Quirino won a satisfactory vote from the public. It was the only time in Philippine history where the duly elected president, vice president and senators all came from the same party, the Liberal Party.

Presidential, legislative and local elections were held on November 10, 1953 in the Philippines. Incumbent President Elpidio Quirino lost his opportunity to get a second full term as President of the Philippines to former Defense Secretary Ramon Magsaysay. His running mate, Senator Jose Yulo lost to Senator Carlos P. Garcia. Vice President Fernando Lopez did not run for re-election. This was the first time that an elected president did not come from the Senate. This election also saw the involvement of the United States with the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) with agent Edward Lansdale running Magsaysay's campaign. Other candidates competed for CIA support too and many normal Filipinos were interested in what the United States citizens views were on it.

Presidential, legislative and local elections were held on November 12, 1957 in the Philippines. Incumbent President Carlos P. Garcia won his opportunity to get a full term as President of the Philippines after the death of President Ramon Magsaysay in a plane crash in March 1957. His running mate, Senator Jose Laurel, Jr. lost to Pampanga Representative Diosdado Macapagal. This was the first time in Philippine electoral history where a president was elected by a plurality and not majority, and in which the president and vice president came from different parties.

Presidential, legislative and local elections were held on November 14, 1961 in the Philippines. Incumbent President Carlos P. Garcia lost his opportunity for a second full term as President of the Philippines to Vice President President Diosdado Macapagal. His running mate, Senator Sergio Osmeña, Jr. lost to Senator Emmanuel Pelaez. Six candidates ran for president, four of whom were "nuisance" candidates. This was the only election in Philippine electoral history in which a vice-president defeated the incumbent president.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1992 Philippine general election</span> Election in the Philippines on 1992

Presidential and vice presidential elections, legislative elections and local elections were held in the Philippines on May 11, 1992. An estimated 80,000 candidates ran for 17,000 posts from the presidency down to municipal councillors in the first general election under the 1987 Constitution. Even though she was permitted by the Constitution to run for a second term, President Corazon Aquino did not stand for re-election.

Elections for the House of Representatives of the Philippines were held on November 10, 1953. Held on the same day as the presidential election, the party of the incumbent president, Elpidio Quirino's Liberal Party, won majority of the seats in the House of Representatives. However, Ramon Magsaysay of the opposition Nacionalista Party was elected president, and several elected Liberal Party congressmen defected to the Nacionalista Party, leading to José Laurel, Jr. being elected Speaker of the House of Representatives.

The following is the official canvassing of votes by the Congress of the Philippines for the 1957 Philippine presidential election.

References

  1. Gosnell, Harold F. (1954). "An Interpretation of the Philippine Election of 1953". American Political Science Review. 48 (4): 1128–1138. doi:10.2307/1951015. ISSN   0003-0554.
  2. Philippine Electoral Almanac. The Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. 2013. p. 28. Archived from the original on 2014-04-09.
  3. Dieter Nohlen; Florian Grotz; Christof Hartmann; Graham Hassall; Soliman M. Santos.
    Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook: Volume II: South East Asia, East Asia, and the South Pacific
    .
  4. Dieter Nohlen; Florian Grotz; Christof Hartmann; Graham Hassall; Soliman M. Santos.
    Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook: Volume II: South East Asia, East Asia, and the South Pacific
    .