1935 Philippine constitutional plebiscite

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1935 Philippine constitutional plebiscite
Flag of the Philippines (1919-1936).svg
14 May 1935
⁠Do you vote for the ratification of the Constitution of the Philippines, with the Ordinance appended thereto?
Signing the Constitution of the Philippine Commonwealth, 23 March 1935.jpg
23 March 1935: Seated, left to right: George H. Dern, Secretary of War; President Franklin D. Roosevelt, signing the Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Philippines; Manuel L. Quezon, President of the Philippine Senate.
Results
Choice
Votes%
Check-71-128-204-brightblue.svgYes1,213,04696.43%
Light brown x.svgNo44,9633.57%
Valid votes1,258,009100.00%
Invalid or blank votes00.00%
Total votes1,258,009100.00%
Registered voters/turnout1,935,97264.98%

A constitutional plebiscite held in the Philippines on 14 May 1935 ratified the 1935 Philippine Constitution which established the Philippine Commonwealth. [1] [2] [3] The constitution had been written in 1934 by the Constitutional Convention of 1934.

Contents

Gold In-Laid Chest (Repository of 1935 Philippine Constitution) displayed at Quezon Museum in Quezon Memorial Circle, Quezon City, Philippines Gold In-Laid Chest (Repository of 1935 Constitution).jpg
Gold In-Laid Chest (Repository of 1935 Philippine Constitution) displayed at Quezon Museum in Quezon Memorial Circle, Quezon City, Philippines

The Tydings–McDuffie Act of the United States Government detailed the steps required for the Philippines to become independent of the United States. A previous act, the Hare–Hawes–Cutting Act, had been rejected by the Philippine Congress.

The constitution was approved by 96% of voters, and was replaced by the 1973 Constitution of the Philippines.

This is also the first vote in the Philippines participated by women. 200,000 women were estimated to have took part. [4] [5] However the new 1935 Constitution abolished women's suffrage granted through Act No. 4112 of 1933 which was never exercised for a regular election. Women's suffrage was later granted at the 1937 plebiscite. [6] [7]

Question

⁠Do you vote for the ratification of the Constitution of the Philippines, with the Ordinance appended thereto?

⁠⁠¿Vota Vd. en favor de la ratificación de la Constitución de Filipinas, con la Ordenanza adscrita a la misma? [8]

Results

⁠Do you vote for the ratification of the Constitution of the Philippines, with the Ordinance appended thereto?
ChoiceVotes%
Check-71-128-204-brightblue.svg Yes1,213,04696.43
No44,9633.57
Total votes1,258,009100.00
Registered voters/turnout1,935,972
1935 Philippine constitutional plebiscite results (excluding invalid votes)
Yes
1,213,046 (96.4%)
▲
50%

Results by province

Province/City YesNo
Abra 9,806161
Agusan 6,655163
Albay 39,2001,084
Antique 13,255407
Bataan 13,403165
Batanes 606582
Batangas 45,771561
Baguio 557181
Bohol 33,2602,229
Bukidnon 1,380122
Bulacan 46,972666
Cagayan 19,1463,355
Camarines Norte 10,99482
Camarines Sur 28,648890
Capiz 27,258153
Cavite 22,189456
Cebu 51,6231,712
Cotabato 10,653510
Davao 4,2612,232
Ilocos Norte 23,7901,367
Ilocos Sur 21,5512,141
Iloilo 65,990741
Isabela 15,3482,253
La Union 19,7831,880
Laguna 43,354646
Lanao 1,7101,559
Leyte 67,1081,225
Manila 48,6281,197
Marinduque 9,213136
Masbate 11,891159
Mindoro 9,034293
Misamis Occidental 13,035112
Misamis Oriental 16,285326
Mountain Province 1,7101,559
Negros Occidental 55,6701,039
Negros Oriental 19,805522
Nueva Ecija 39,983864
Nueva Vizcaya 4,820713
Palawan 4,686868
Pampanga 29,0111,276
Pangasinan 78,8863,588
Rizal 56,389690
Romblon 5,811352
Samar 34,549933
Sorsogon 31,736106
Sulu 1,435374
Surigao 12,581814
Tarlac 20,346898
Tayabas 38,617728
Zambales 9.968366
Zamboanga 14,202595
Total1,213,04644,963
Source: Bureau of Printing [9]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Philippines, 14 May 1935: Constitution Direct Democracy (in German)
  2. ↑ Benitez, Conrado (1935). "The New Philippine Constitution" . Pacific Affairs. 8 (4): 428–432. doi:10.2307/2751242. ISSN   0030-851X.
  3. ↑ Kalaw, Maximo M. (1935). "The New Constitution of the Philippine Commonwealth" . Foreign Affairs. 13 (4): 687–694. doi:10.2307/20020226. ISSN   0015-7120.
  4. ↑ Smithmanila, Robert Aura (December 27, 1936). "Philippine Women Seek Vote; 300,000 Must Register Approval at April Plebiscite As a Requisite to Obtaining the Franchise". New York Times. Retrieved November 11, 2025.
  5. ↑ Smith, Robert Aura (August 25, 1935). "Filipino Fight on for Vote: Suffrage, Joyfully Hailed, Is Being Shunted From Political Scene". New York Times. Retrieved November 11, 2025.
  6. ↑ Alporha, Veronica C. (2021). "Manuel L. Quezon and the Filipino women's suffrage movement of 1937" (PDF). Plaridel. UP College of Mass Communication: 6. doi:10.52518/2021-08valpor . Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  7. ↑ "The Philippines: Votes for Women". Time. May 10, 1937. Retrieved November 9, 2025.
  8. ↑ Section 6, Act No. 4200
  9. ↑ The Philippine Statistical Review. Vol. 2. Bureau of Printing. 1935. p. 131.
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