Plutonium(IV) nitrate

Last updated
Plutonium(IV) nitrate
Plutonium(IV) nitrate.png
Names
Other names
Plutonium tetranitrate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
PubChem CID
  • InChI=1S/4NO3.Pu/c4*2-1(3)4;/q4*-1;+4
    Key: XOQIPTFXWRJKPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • (trihydrate):InChI=1S/4NO3.5H2O.Pu/c4*2-1(3)4;;;;;;/h;;;;5*1H2;/q4*-1;;;;;;+4
    Key: OHJOWNGCXJSPGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[Pu+4]
  • (pentahydrate):[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].O.O.O.O.O.[Pu+4]
Properties
Molar mass 492.02
AppearanceDark green crystals (hydrates)
Soluble
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
Extremely toxic(T+) and radioactive; carcinogen
GHS labelling:
GHS-pictogram-skull.svg GHS-pictogram-pollu.svg GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg
Warning
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704.svgHealth 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g. VX gasFlammability 2: Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperature before ignition can occur. Flash point between 38 and 93 °C (100 and 200 °F). E.g. diesel fuelInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazard RA: Radioactive. E.g. plutonium
4
2
0
Radiation warning symbol 3.svg
Related compounds
Related compounds
 Neptunium(IV) nitrate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Plutonium (IV) nitrate is an inorganic compound, a salt of plutonium and nitric acid with the chemical formula Pu(NO3)4. The compound dissolves in water and forms crystalline hydrates as dark green crystals. [1] [2]

Contents

Synthesis

Crystals of dark green to black-green composition Pu(NO3)4•5H2O precipitate with a slow (months) evaporation of a solution of a plutonium (IV) compound in nitric acid. [3] [4]

Physical properties

Plutonium (IV) nitrate forms a crystalline hydrate of the composition Pu(NO3)4•5H2O—dark green crystals of rhombic crystal structure, space group F dd2, cell parameters: a = 1.114 nm, b = 2.258 nm, c = 1.051 nm, Z = 8.

Crystalline hydrate melts in its own crystallization water at 95–100 °C.

It dissolves well in nitric acid (dark green solution) and water (brown solution). Also dissolves in acetone and ether.

Chemical properties

When heated to 150–180 °C, it decomposes with autooxidation to plutonium (VI) with the formation of plutonyl nitrate (PuO2(NO3)2). Upon evaporation of concentrated nitric acid solutions of plutonium nitrate and alkali metal nitrates, double nitrates of the composition Me2[Pu(NO3)6] are formed, where Me = Cs+, Rb+, K+, Tl+, NH4+, analogous to ceric ammonium nitrate.

Toxicity

Plutonium nitrate is both radioactive and extremely toxic due to its high solubility in water.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Copper(II) nitrate</span> Chemical compound

Copper(II) nitrate describes any member of the family of inorganic compounds with the formula Cu(NO3)2(H2O)x. The hydrates are blue solids. Anhydrous copper nitrate forms blue-green crystals and sublimes in a vacuum at 150-200 °C. Common hydrates are the hemipentahydrate and trihydrate.

In chemistry, water(s) of crystallization or water(s) of hydration are water molecules that are present inside crystals. Water is often incorporated in the formation of crystals from aqueous solutions. In some contexts, water of crystallization is the total mass of water in a substance at a given temperature and is mostly present in a definite (stoichiometric) ratio. Classically, "water of crystallization" refers to water that is found in the crystalline framework of a metal complex or a salt, which is not directly bonded to the metal cation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Scandium nitrate</span> Chemical compound

Scandium(III) nitrate, Sc(NO3)3, is an ionic compound. It is an oxidizer, as all nitrates are. The salt is applied in optical coatings, catalysts, electronic ceramics and the laser industry.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Iron(III) nitrate</span> Chemical compound

Iron(III) nitrate, or ferric nitrate, is the name used for a series of inorganic compounds with the formula Fe(NO3)3.(H2O)n. Most common is the nonahydrate Fe(NO3)3.(H2O)9. The hydrates are all pale colored, water-soluble paramagnetic salts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Palladium(II) nitrate</span> Chemical compound

Palladium(II) nitrate is the inorganic compound with the formula Pd(NO3)2.(H2O)x where x = 0 or 2. The anhydrous and dihydrate are deliquescent solids. According to X-ray crystallography, both compounds feature square planar Pd(II) with unidentate nitrate ligands. The anhydrous compound, which is a coordination polymer, is yellow.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chromium(III) nitrate</span> Chemical compound

Chromium(III) nitrate describes several inorganic compounds consisting of chromium, nitrate and varying amounts of water. Most common is the dark violet hygroscopic solid. An anhydrous green form is also known. Chromium(III) nitrate compounds are of a limited commercial importance, finding some applications in the dyeing industry. It is common in academic laboratories for the synthesis of chromium coordination complexes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bismuth(III) nitrate</span> Chemical compound

Bismuth(III) nitrate is a salt composed of bismuth in its cationic +3 oxidation state and nitrate anions. The most common solid form is the pentahydrate. It is used in the synthesis of other bismuth compounds. It is available commercially. It is the only nitrate salt formed by a group 15 element, indicative of bismuth's metallic nature.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cerium nitrates</span> Chemical compound

Cerium nitrate refers to a family of nitrates of cerium in the +3 or +4 oxidation state. Often these compounds contain water, hydroxide, or hydronium ions in addition to cerium and nitrate. Double nitrates of cerium also exist.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Titanium(IV) nitrate</span> Chemical compound

Titanium nitrate is the inorganic compound with formula Ti(NO3)4. It is a colorless, diamagnetic solid that sublimes readily. It is an unusual example of a volatile binary transition metal nitrate. Ill defined species called titanium nitrate are produced upon dissolution of titanium or its oxides in nitric acid.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zirconium nitrate</span> Chemical compound

Zirconium nitrate is a volatile anhydrous transition metal nitrate salt of zirconium with formula Zr(NO3)4. It has alternate names of zirconium tetranitrate, or zirconium(IV) nitrate.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thorium(IV) nitrate</span> Chemical compound

Thorium(IV) nitrate is a chemical compound, a salt of thorium and nitric acid with the formula Th(NO3)4. A white solid in its anhydrous form, it can form tetra- and pentahydrates. As a salt of thorium it is weakly radioactive.

Neptunium(IV) nitrate is an inorganic compound, a salt of neptunium and nitric acid with the chemical formula Np(NO3)4. The compound forms gray crystals, dissolves in water, and forms crystal hydrates.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dysprosium(III) nitrate</span> Chemical compound

Dysprosium(III) nitrate is an inorganic compound, a salt of dysprosium and nitric acid with the chemical formula Dy(NO3)3. The compound forms yellowish crystals, dissolves in water, forms a crystalline hydrate.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Holmium(III) nitrate</span> Chemical compound

Holmium (III) nitrate is an inorganic compound, a salt of holmium and nitric acid with the chemical formula Ho(NO3)3. The compound forms yellowish crystals, dissolves in water, also forms crystalline hydrates.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ytterbium(III) nitrate</span> Chemical compound

Ytterbium(III) nitrate is an inorganic compound, a salt of ytterbium and nitric acid with the chemical formula Yb(NO3)3. The compound forms colorless crystals, dissolves in water, and also forms crystalline hydrates.

Lutetium(III) nitrate is an inorganic compound, a salt of lutetium and nitric acid with the chemical formula Lu(NO3)3. The compound forms colorless crystals, dissolves in water, and also forms crystalline hydrates. The compound is poisonous.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Erbium(III) nitrate</span> Chemical compound

Erbium(III) nitrate is an inorganic compound, a salt of erbium and nitric acid with the chemical formula Er(NO3)3. The compound forms pink crystals, readily soluble in water, also forms crystalline hydrates.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thulium(III) nitrate</span> Chemical compound

Thulium(III) nitrate is an inorganic compound, a salt of thulium and nitric acid with the chemical formula Tm(NO3)3. The compound forms dark-green crystals, readily soluble in water, also forms crystalline hydrates.

Polonium tetranitrate is an inorganic compound, a salt of polonium and nitric acid with the chemical formula Po(NO3)4. The compound is radioactive, forms white crystals.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Transition metal nitrate complex</span> Compound of nitrate ligands

A transition metal nitrate complex is a coordination compound containing one or more nitrate ligands. Such complexes are common starting reagents for the preparation of other compounds.

References

  1. ↑ Allen, P. G.; Veirs, D. K.; Conradson, S. D.; Smith, C. A.; Marsh, S. F. (January 1996). "Characterization of Aqueous Plutonium(IV) Nitrate Complexes by Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy". Inorganic Chemistry . 35 (10): 2841–2845. doi:10.1021/ic9511231 . Retrieved 16 August 2021.
  2. ↑ Kubic, William; Jackson, J. (9 March 2012). "A thermodynamic model of plutonium (IV) nitrate solutions". Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry . 293 (2): 601–612. doi:10.1007/s10967-012-1703-4. ISSN   1588-2780. S2CID   94704456 . Retrieved 16 August 2021.
  3. ↑ Baroncelli, F.; Scibona, G.; Zifferero, M. (1 November 1962). "The extraction of Pu(IV) nitrate by long chain tertiary amines nitrates". Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry . 24 (5): 541–546. doi:10.1016/0022-1902(62)80241-3. ISSN   0022-1902 . Retrieved 16 August 2021.
  4. ↑ Nakahara, Masaumi; Kaji, Naoya; Yano, Kimihiko; Shibata, Atsuhiro; Takeuchi, Masayuki; Okano, Masanori; Kuno, Takehiko (2013). "Nitric Acid Concentration Dependence of Dicesium Plutonium(IV) Nitrate Formation during Solution Growth of Uranyl Nitrate Hexahydrate". Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan. 46: 56–62. doi:10.1252/jcej.12we175 . Retrieved 16 August 2021.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.