Potassium formate

Potassium formate ^[1]

Names
Preferred IUPAC name Potassium formate
Identifiers
CAS Number	590-29-4  Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	11054  N
ECHA InfoCard	100.008.799
PubChem CID	11539
UNII	25I90B156L  Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6029626
InChI InChI=1S/CH2O2.K/c2-1-3;/h1H,(H,2,3);/q;+1/p-1 N Key: WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M N InChI=1/CH2O2.K/c2-1-3;/h1H,(H,2,3);/q;+1/p-1 Key: WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-REWHXWOFAK
SMILES C(=O)[O-].[K+]
Properties
Chemical formula	CHKO2
Molar mass	84.115 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless deliquescent crystals
Density	1.908 g/cm3
Melting point	167.5 °C (333.5 °F; 440.6 K)
Boiling point	Decomposes
Solubility in water	32.8 g/100 mL (0 °C) 331 g/100 mL (25°C) 657 g/100 mL (80 °C)
Solubility	soluble in alcohol insoluble in ether
Basicity (pKb)	10.25
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H315, H319, H335
Precautionary statements	P261, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	5500 mg/kg (oral, mouse)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N  verify  (what is  YN ?) Infobox references

Potassium formate, HCO₂K, HCOOK, or KHCO₂, is the potassium salt of formic acid. This strongly hygroscopic white solid ^[2] is an intermediate in the formate potash process for the production of potassium. ^[3] Potassium formate has also been studied as a potential environmentally friendly deicing salt for use on roads. ^{[4] [5]} It has also been suggested for use in a less corrosive liquid desiccant. ^[6] A 52% solution of potassium formate has a freezing point of −60 °C (−76 °F). ^[7] Potassium formate brines are sometimes used for heat transfer, despite being much more corrosive than many other liquid coolants, especially to zinc and aluminum but even to many steels, ^[8] though some formulations are compatible with aluminum and steels. ^[9]

Since 1995, potassium formate has been increasingly used in aqueous drilling fluids to increase density, stabilize the hole, and improve drilling performance. ^{[10] [11] [12]}

References

1. Olsen, J C (editor), Van Nostrand's Chemical Annual, Chapman and Hall, London, 1934
2. "MSDS - 294454". www.sigmaaldrich.com. Retrieved 2019-03-18.
3. Concise Encyclopedia Chemistry, Mary Eagleson (1994), page 888. ISBN   978-3-11-011451-5
4. "Finnish Environment Institute > Main publications on the effect of de-icing chemicals on ground water". www.syke.fi. Retrieved 2015-11-18.
5. Pasi P. Hellstén; Jani M. Salminen; Kirsten S. Jørgensen & Taina H. Nystén (2005). "Use of potassium formate in road winter deicing can reduce groundwater deterioration". Environ. Sci. Technol. 39 (13): 5095–5100. Bibcode:2005EnST...39.5095H. doi:10.1021/es0482738. PMID   16053115.
6. "Module 71: Liquid desiccants for dehumidification in building air conditioning systems".
7. "Potassium Formate for Runway Deicing".
8. "Brines and antifreeze" . Retrieved 2022-01-16.
9. "Technical information on "TYFOXIT F15-F50: Ready-to-Use, High-Performance Ultra Low Viscous Secondary Refrigerants for Applications Down to –50 °C"" (PDF). Retrieved 2022-01-16.
10. Hallman, John (August 1, 1996). "Use of formate-based fluids for drilling and completion". Offshore. Endeavor Business Media. Retrieved November 5, 2024.
11. van Oort, Eric (April 2017). "Shale Stabilization by High-Salinity Formate Drilling Fluids" (PDF). www.aade.org. American Association of Drilling Engineers. Retrieved November 5, 2024.
12. Kazemihokmabad, Parsa; Khamehchi, Ehsan; Kalatehno, Javad; Ebadi, Reza (June 1, 2024). "A comparative study of brine solutions as completion fluids for oil and gas fields". Scientific Reports. 14. Retrieved November 5, 2024.