Public holidays in Brazil

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In Brazil, public holidays may be legislated at the federal, statewide and municipal levels. Most holidays are observed nationwide. [1]

Brazil Federal republic in South America

Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At 8.5 million square kilometers and with over 208 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area and the fifth most populous. Its capital is Brasília, and its most populated city is São Paulo. The federation is composed of the union of the 26 states, the Federal District, and the 5,570 municipalities. It is the largest country to have Portuguese as an official language and the only one in the Americas; it is also one of the most multicultural and ethnically diverse nations, due to over a century of mass immigration from around the world.

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Apart from the yearly official holidays (listed below), [2] [3] [4] the Constitution of Brazil also establishes that election days are to be considered national holidays as well. General elections are biennially held on the first Sunday of October in the first round, and on the last Sunday of October in the second round. Numerous religious and ethnic holidays are also celebrated in Brazil.

Constitution of Brazil national Constitution, created 1988

The Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil is the supreme law of Brazil. It is the foundation and source of the legal authority underlying the existence of Brazil and the federal government of Brazil. It provides the framework for the organization of the Brazilian government and for the relationship of the federal government to the states, to citizens, and to all people within Brazil.

A general election is an election in which all or most members of a given political body are chosen. These are usually held for a nation's primary legislative body, as distinguished from by-elections and local elections.

DateEnglish name Portuguese nameRemarks
January 1 New Year's Day Ano Novo / Confraternização UniversalCelebrates the beginning of the year. Festivities include counting down to midnight starting from the preceding night. It also signals the traditional end of the holiday season.
April 21 Tiradentes Dia de TiradentesAnniversary of considered the national martyr for being part of the Inconfidência Mineira, an insurgent movement that aimed to establish an independent Brazilian republic.
May 1 Work Day Dia do Trabalhador / Dia do TrabalhoCelebrates the achievements of workers and the labour movement. This holiday is also known as May Day around the world.
September 7 Independence Day Dia da IndependênciaCelebrates Brazil's declaration of independence from Portugal on September 7, 1822.
October 12 Our Lady of the Apparition Nossa Senhora AparecidaCommemorates the Virgin Mary as Nossa Senhora da Conceição Aparecida , patron saint of Brazil.
November 2 All Souls' Day Dia de FinadosAnother Christian holiday; it commemorates the faithful departed.
November 15 Republic Proclamation Day Proclamação da RepúblicaCommemorates the end of the Empire of Brazil and the proclamation of the Brazilian Republic on November 15, 1889.
December 25 Christmas NatalCelebrates the nativity of Jesus.
Election day day when elections are held

Election day or polling day is the day on which general elections are held. In many countries, general elections are always held on a Saturday or Sunday, to enable as many voters as possible to participate; while in other countries elections are always held on a weekday. However, some countries, or regions within a country, which hold elections on a weekday declare election day a public holiday. Countries which permit absentee ballots, early ballots or postal votes to be cast by mail before the election avoid the problem altogether by enabling voters to vote on a day that is more convenient to them.

Unofficial holidays

Mother's Day is a celebration honoring the mother of the family, as well as motherhood, maternal bonds, and the influence of mothers in society. It is celebrated on various days in many parts of the world, most commonly in the months of March or May. It complements similar celebrations honoring family members, such as Father's Day, Siblings Day, and Grandparents Day.

Fathers Day Celebration hororing fathers and fathership.

Father's Day is a celebration honoring fathers and celebrating fatherhood, paternal bonds, and the influence of fathers in society. In Catholic Europe, it has been celebrated on March 19 since the Middle Ages. This celebration was brought by the Spanish and Portuguese to Latin America, where March 19 is often still used for it, though many countries in Europe and the Americas have adopted the U.S. date, which is the third Sunday of June. It is celebrated on various days in many parts of the world, most commonly in the months of March, April and June. It complements similar celebrations honoring family members, such as Mother's Day, Siblings Day, and Grandparents' Day.

Northeast Region, Brazil Region in Brazil

The Northeast Region of Brazil is one of the five official and political regions of the country according to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. For the socio-geographic area see Nordeste. Of Brazil's twenty-six states, it comprises nine: Maranhão, Piauí, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe and Bahia, along with the Fernando de Noronha archipelago.

Regional holidays

Belém City in North, Brazil

Belém, is a Brazilian city with 2,491,052 people residing in its Metropolitan Region. The capital city itself has 1,485.732 inhabitants. It is the capital and largest city of the state of Pará in the country's north. It is the gateway to the Amazon River with a busy port, airport, and bus/coach station. Belém lies approximately 100 km upriver from the Atlantic Ocean, on the Pará River, which is part of the greater Amazon River system, separated from the larger part of the Amazon delta by Ilha de Marajó. With an estimated population of 1,439,561 people — or 2,249,405, considering its metropolitan area — it is the 11th most populous city in Brazil, as well as the 16th by economic relevance. It is the second largest in the North Region, second only to Manaus, in the state of Amazonas.

Saint Sebastian 3rd-century Christian saint and martyr

Saint Sebastian was an early Christian saint and martyr. According to traditional belief, he was killed during the Roman emperor Diocletian's persecution of Christians, initially being tied to a post or tree and shot with arrows, though this did not kill him. He was, according to tradition, rescued and healed by Saint Irene of Rome, which became a popular subject in 17th-century painting. In all versions of the story, shortly after his recovery he went to Diocletian to warn him about his sins, and as a result was clubbed to death. He is venerated in the Roman Catholic Church and the Orthodox Church.

Rio de Janeiro Second-most populous municipality in Brazil

Rio de Janeiro, or simply Rio, is anchor to the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area and the second-most populous municipality in Brazil and the sixth-most populous in the Americas. Rio de Janeiro is the capital of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil's third-most populous state. Part of the city has been designated as a World Heritage Site, named "Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes between the Mountain and the Sea", by UNESCO on 1 July 2012 as a Cultural Landscape.


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Ouro Preto Municipality in Southeast, Brazil

Ouro Preto, formerly Vila Rica, is a city in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, a former colonial mining town located in the Serra do Espinhaço mountains and designated a World Heritage site by UNESCO because of its outstanding Baroque Portuguese colonial architecture.

Paraty Place in Southeast, Brazil

Paraty is a preserved Portuguese colonial (1500–1822) and Brazilian Imperial (1822–1889) municipality with a population of about 36,000. It is located on the Costa Verde, a lush, green corridor that runs along the coastline of the state of Rio de Janeiro, in Brazil. Paraty has become a tourist destination, known for the historic town and the coast and mountains in the region.

Ribeira Grande, Azores Municipality in Azores, Portugal

Ribeira Grande is a municipality in the northern part of the island of São Miguel in the Portuguese Azores. The population in 2011 was 32,112, in an area of 180.15 km². The municipal seat is located in the civil parish of Matriz, with a population of about 4000 inhabitants, part of the urbanized core of what is commonly referred to as the city of Ribeira Grande.

Aljustrel Municipality in Alentejo, Portugal

Aljustrel is a town and a municipality in the Portuguese district of Beja. The population in 2011 was 9,257, in an area of 458.47 km². The present mayor is Nelson Domingos Brito, elected by the Socialist Party. The municipal holiday is June 13.

The history of the Jews in Brazil is a rather long and complex one, as it stretches from the very beginning of the European settlement in the new continent. Although only baptized Christians were subject to the Inquisition, Jews started settling in Brazil when the Inquisition reached Portugal, in the 16th century. They arrived in Brazil during the period of Dutch rule, setting up in Recife the first synagogue in the Americas, the Kahal Zur Israel Synagogue, as early as 1636. Most of those Jews were Sephardic Jews who had fled the Inquisition in Spain and Portugal to the religious freedom of the Netherlands. In his The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith attributed much of the development of Brazil's sugar industry and cultivation to the arrival of Portuguese Jews who were forced out of Portugal during the Inquisition..

The 2007 Copa do Brasil de Futebol Feminino was the first staging of the competition and was played from October 30 to December 9, 2007. 32 clubs of all regions of Brazil participated of the cup, which was organized by the Brazilian Football Confederation (CBF). The champion was Mato Grosso do Sul/Saad.

Braga (Maximinos, Sé e Cividade) Civil parish in Portugal

Braga is a civil parish in the municipality of Braga, Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merger of the former parishes Maximinos, Sé and Cividade. The population in 2011 was 14,572, in an area of 2.57 km².

Scandinavian Brazilians refers to Brazilians of full or partial Scandinavian ancestry, or Scandinavian-born people residing in Brazil.

The Miss Brasil 2002 pageant took place April 7, 2002. Each state and the Federal District competed for their state and went to win the title of the Brazilian crown. The winner entered Miss Universe 2002. Miss Brasil Mundo would enter Miss World 2002. Miss Internacional Brasil would enter Miss International 2002. The winner was dethroned after coming back from Miss Universe due to being married at the time of the pageant. The first runner-up, Taíza Thomsen from Santa Catarina, was subsequently crowned Miss Brazil.

Independence Day (Brazil) national holiday in Brazil

The Independence Day of Brazil, commonly called Sete de Setembro, is a national holiday observed in Brazil on 7 September of every year. The date celebrates Brazil's Declaration of Independence from the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves on 7 September 1822.

Central Aérea Limitada was a Brazilian airline founded in 1948. In 1950 Central established a technical and operational partnership with Transportes Aéreos Nacional. Finally, in 1955 Central was sold to and incorporated by Nacional.

The Brazilian municipal elections of 2012 took place on October 7 and on October 28. Over 138 million voters chose mayors, deputy mayors and city councillors for the 5,568 municipalities of Brazil. These were the first elections in which the recently registered parties Partido Pátria Livre (PPL) and Partido Social Democrático (PSD) participated; they were both recognized by the Supreme Electoral Court in 2011. Political parties whose candidates wished to run for the 2012 elections had to be registered at the TSE for at least one year before the election date, while candidates also had to be affiliated to a party for the same period of time. Conventions for the selection of candidates within the parties occurred between 10 and 30 June, while the registry of candidates and alliances with the Regional Electoral Courts took place until July 5. Electoral campaign was authorized from the moment a candidacy had been registered. The free electoral program – two daily slots on free-to-air TV and radio for political advertising paid by the Electoral Justice fund – ran weekdays from 21 August until 4 October. According to the current Brazilian electoral law, the two-round system – should the leading candidate receive less than 50% +1 of the votes – is only available for cities with more than 200,000 voters. This includes all state capitals, with the exception of Boa Vista, Roraima and Palmas, Tocantins, plus 59 other municipalities. The free electoral program for the second round ran from 13 October until 26 October.

Alina Paim was a Brazilian novelist, author of children's literature and teacher. She was a communist and women's rights activist who translated Lenin's works into Portuguese. A re-evaluation of her contributions to Brazilian literature has emerged since 2007, when Paim was discovered to still be living in Mato Grosso do Sul. Her works were honored by the Antonio de Almeida Prize in 1961 and the Walmap Prize in 1965, both given by the Brazilian Academy of Letters.

References

  1. ↑ "L9093". Presidência da República Casa Civil.
  2. ↑ "L0662". Presidência da República Casa Civil.
  3. ↑ "L6802". Presidência da República Casa Civil.
  4. ↑ "L10607". Presidência da República Casa Civil.

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