The Pentatomoidea are a superfamily of insects in the Heteroptera suborder of the Hemiptera order. As Hemiptera, they share a common arrangement of sucking mouthparts. The roughly 7000 species under Pentatomoidea are divided into 21 families. Among these are the stink bugs and shield bugs, jewel bugs, giant shield bugs, and burrower bugs.
Pyrrhocoridae is a family of insects with more than 300 species world-wide. Many are red coloured and are known as red bugs and some species are called cotton stainers because their feeding activities leave an indelible yellow-brownish stain on cotton crops. A common species in parts of Europe is the firebug, and its genus name Pyrrhocoris and the family name are derived from the Greek roots for fire "pyrrho-" and bug "coris". Members of this family are often confused with, but can be quickly separated from, Lygaeidae by the lack of ocelli on the top of the head.
The Pentatomomorpha comprise an infraorder of insects in the true bug order Hemiptera. It unites such animals as the stink bugs (Pentatomidae), flat bugs (Aradidae), seed bugs, etc. They are closely related to the Cimicomorpha.
Coreoidea is a superfamily of true bugs in the infraorder Pentatomomorpha which includes leaf-footed bugs and allies. There are more than 3,300 described species in Coreoidea.
The Lygaeoidea are a sizeable superfamily of true bugs, containing seed bugs and allies, in the order Hemiptera. There are about 16 families and more than 4,600 described species in Lygaeoidea, found worldwide. Most feed on seeds or sap, but a few are predators.
The Lygaeidae are a family in the Hemiptera, with more than 110 genera in four subfamilies. The family is commonly referred to as seed bugs, and less commonly, milkweed bugs, or ground bugs. However, while many of the species feed on seeds, some feed on sap (mucivory) or seed pods, others are omnivores and a few, such as the wekiu bug, are carnivores that feed exclusively on insects. Insects in this family are distributed across the world. The family was vastly larger, but numerous former subfamilies have been removed and given independent family status, including the Artheneidae, Blissidae, Cryptorhamphidae, Cymidae, Geocoridae, Heterogastridae, Ninidae, Oxycarenidae and Rhyparochromidae, which together constituted well over half of the former family.
Heterogastridae is a family of lygaeoid bugs consisting of about 20 genera and more than 100 species.
Hyocephalidae are a small family of Heteroptera which are endemic to Australia.
Gonocerus acuteangulatus is a herbivorous species of true bug in the family Coreidae. It is commonly known as the box bug in the UK as it once only occurred in Box Hill in Surrey where it fed on box trees.
Neides tipularius is a Palearctic stilt bug. It occurs from the Northern Mediterranean to Scandinavia and the British Isles. Further east it is found in Asia minor and the Caucasus to Central Asia. In Germany and the Alps it is widespread and not uncommon. In Britain it is locally common in large parts of the South. In Ireland it is rare.
Chartoscirta elegantula is a Palearctic shore bug widespread in marshes or at the margins of rivers and lakes. Adult length is 3.5-4.0 mm. It is an agile ambush predator of small invertebrates on the ground or in peat moss. The adult animals hibernate often far from their summer habitats in dry material on the ground in moss or dry leaf litter.
Piesma maculatum is a true bug species found from North Africa to southern parts of Scandinavia and the South of the British Isles then across the Palearctic to the Black Sea region to Central Asia, China and Japan. In Central Europe it is widespread and generally the most common species of the family Piesmatidae.
Metatropis rufescens is a species of true bugs. The species is found in Europe, with the exception of the far North and South then East to the Black Sea region and across the Palearctic to Siberia. In Central Europe it is common, but it is not found everywhere. In the British Isles it is common in the South including Wales and Ireland. It occurs in shady, mostly moist habitats in deciduous forests.
Aradus depressus is a true bug in the family Aradidae. The species is found in the Palearctic from Ireland East to Siberia. In the Southeast, the range extends to the Caucasus mountains. A. depressus is the most common species of the genus Aradus and can be found everywhere. In the Alps it occurs up to 1,600 metres (5,200 ft).
Rhyparochrominae is a subfamily of dirt-colored seed bugs in the family Rhyparochromidae. There are more than 410 genera and 2,000 described species in Rhyparochrominae.
Cymidae is a family of true bugs in the order Hemiptera. There are about 12 genera and at least 60 described species in Cymidae.
Artheneidae is a family of true bugs in the order Hemiptera. It was formerly included in Lygaeidae. There are about 7 genera and at least 20 described species in Artheneidae.
Pachygronthidae is a family of true bugs in the order Hemiptera. There are about 14 genera and more than 80 described species in Pachygronthidae.
Megalonotus praetextatus is a species of seed bug in the family Rhyparochromidae.
Cryptorhamphidae is a family of true bugs in the order Hemiptera. There are at least two genera and four described species in Cryptorhamphidae.
