Cercopidae

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Cercopidae
Blutzikade Cercopis vulnerata.jpg
Cercopis vulnerata
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hemiptera
Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
Superfamily: Cercopoidea
Family: Cercopidae
Leach, 1815  [1]
Subfamilies

(But see text)

Cercopidae are the largest family of Cercopoidea, a xylem-feeding insect group, commonly called froghoppers or spittlebugs. [2] They belong to the hemipteran suborder Auchenorrhyncha. A 2023 phylogenetic study of the family suggested the elevation of subfamily Ischnorhininae to full family status as Ischnorhinidae, leaving a monophyletic Cercopinae. [3]

Contents

Taxonomy

Based on a 2023 molecular phylogenetic analysis, the Cercopidae senso stricto was divided into two monophyletic subfamilies, Cercopinae and Cosmoscartinae, each with a number of tribes. [3]

Anyllis leiala Anyllis leiala (3206078220).jpg
Anyllis leiala
Subfamily Cercopinae

Tribe Bandusiini

Tribe Callitetixini

Tribe Cercopini

Tribe Haematoscartini

Tribe Hemiaufidini

Tribe Locrisini

Tribe Rhinaulacini

Tribe incertae sedis

Subfamily Cosmoscartinae
Paraceropoides flavithorax Leptataspis sp. - Flickr - Pasha Kirillov.jpg
Paraceropoides flavithorax

Tribe Considiini

Tribe Cosmoscartini

Tribe Phymatostethini

Tribe Suracartini

Tribe Trichoscartini

Tribe incertae sedis

Invalid genera

Crispolon Jr et al. (2023) considered certain described genera as invalid without discussion and did not include them in the family as prescribed by their phylogeny. [3]

Fossil genera

+Dawsonites veter
1895 illustration Dawsonites veter Scudder 1895 pl1 Fig10.png
Dawsonites veter
1895 illustration

Taxa removed from Cercopidae

Crispolon Jr. et al.s 2023 molocular phylogenetic analysis recommended removing the following genera from Cercopidae and transferring them to Aphrophoridae: [3]

Additionally they recommended the elevation of the subfamily Ischnorhininae, endemic to the Americas, to full family status as Ischnorhinidae. This was based on the closer phylogenetic ties to Machaerotidae then to subfamily Cercopinae found exclusively in Europe, Africa, and Asia, Australasia: [3]

Family Ischnorhinidae

Tribe Ischnorhinini

Tribe Neaenini

Tribe Tomaspini

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ricaniidae</span> Family of true bugs

Ricaniidae is a family of planthopper insects, containing over 400 species worldwide. The highest diversity is in tropical Africa and Asia and in Australia, with a few species occurring in the Palearctic and Neotropical realms. It is one of the smaller families in the planthopper superfamily Fulgoroidea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aphaeninae</span> Subfamily of true bugs

The subfamily Aphaeninae is a group of hemipteran insects, especially abundant and diverse in the tropics. They belong to the Fulgoridae (fulgorids), though they are not among the better-known members of that family that are called "lantern bugs" or "lanternflies". In 2009, the first molecular analysis of the Fulgoridae challenged the existing structure of eight currently recognized subfamilies and eleven tribes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Flatidae</span> Family of planthoppers

Flatidae are a family of fulgoroid planthoppers. They are cosmopolitan in distribution and are distinguished from others in the superfamily by a combination of characters. Like all other planthoppers, they suck phloem sap of plants. Some species are known to communicate with vibrations through the plant stems. Communication may be with mates, or with ants that tend the nymphs, protecting them and gathering honeydew secretions. Adults of some species have brightly coloured forewings which are tougher and known as tegmina unlike the membranous hindwings which are used for flight. Although a few can be identified by their coloration, most species requires dissection and examination under a microscope with access to literature on already described species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Issidae</span> Family of planthoppers

Issidae is a family of planthoppers described by Spinola in 1839, belonging to the order Hemiptera, suborder Auchenorrhyncha superfamily Fulgoroidea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Caliscelidae</span> Family of true bugs

Caliscelidae is a family of planthoppers, sap-sucking insects that belong to the order Hemiptera, suborder Auchenorrhyncha and superfamily Fulgoroidea. They are somewhat anomalous and have often been included within the family Issidae. Studies made in 2013 of the phylogeny of the Issidae and other groups using molecular techniques support the treatment of the group as a separate family. Sexual dimorphism can be marked. Some members of the family are called piglet bugs due to the shape of their snout. A particularly aberrant genus described in 2011 from India, Formiscurra, has males that resemble ants.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lophopidae</span> Family of planthoppers

Lophopidae is a family of fulgoroid plant-hoppers with most species found in tropical South America and Asia.

<i>Leptataspis</i> Genus of true bugs

Leptataspis is a genus of froghoppers belonging to the family Cercopidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Achilidae</span> Family of true bugs

Achilidae is a family of planthoppers, sometimes called "achilids" in the order Hemiptera. There are at least 520 described species in Achilidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dictyopharinae</span> Subfamily of true bugs

Dictyopharinae is a subfamily of dictyopharid planthoppers in the family Dictyopharidae. There more than 100 genera and 500 described species in Dictyopharinae.

Poeciloterpa is a genus of froghoppers in the family Cercopidae. Endemic to the Philippines, there are about 13 described species in Poeciloterpa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hemisphaeriinae</span> Subfamily of true bugs

The Hemisphaeriinae are a subfamily of bugs in the family Issidae, based on the type genus Hemisphaerius. Species in 119 genera have been recorded in most continents, but the greatest diversity appears to be in South-East Asia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Flatinae</span> Subfamily of planthoppers

The Flatinae are a subfamily of planthoppers, erected by Maximilian Spinola in 1839. Genera have been recorded from all continents except Antarctica: especially in tropical and subtropical regions.

Tropiduchus is a genus of planthoppers, recorded from Africa and Malesia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Plectoderini</span> Tribe of planthoppers

The Plectoderini are a large tribe of planthoppers in the family Achilidae, erected by Ronald Gordon Fennah in 1950. Genera have a world-wide distribution, but are hardly represented in Europe or northern Asia.

<i>Eoscarta</i> Genus of insects

Eoscarta is a genus of froghopper (Cercopidae) with about 50 species distributed in the Oriental region. Species in the genus are identified by a combination of characters that include an elongated pubescent body, highly laterally compressed postclypeus, the hind tibia with a single lateral spur and genital characters of the males.

References

  1. "Cercopidae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
  2. Carvalho C, Webb M (2005). "Cercopid Spittle Bugs of the New World (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Cercopidae)". Pensoft Series Faunistica. 49: 280pp. ISBN   954-642-246-0.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Crispolon Jr, E. S.; Soulier‐Perkins, A.; Guilbert, E. (2023). "Molecular phylogeny of Cercopidae (Hemiptera, Cercopoidea)". Zoologica Scripta. 52 (5): 494–516. doi: 10.1111/zsc.12597 .
  4. 1 2 Crispolon Jr, E. S.; Guilbert, E.; Yap, S. A.; Soulier‐Perkins, A. (2021). "New genus and new species of spittlebugs (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) from the Philippines". European Journal of Taxonomy (778): 90–135. doi: 10.5852/ejt.2021.778.1571 .
  5. Crispolon Jr, E. S.; Yap, S. A.; Soulier‐Perkins, A. (2019). "Revision of the endemic Philippine Poeciloterpa Stål (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) with description of four new species". Zootaxa. 4608 (2): 291–328. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4608.2.6.
  6. Xu, X.-T.; Szwedo, J.; Huang, D.-Y.; Deng, W.-Y.-D.; Obroślak, M.; Wu, F.-X.; Su, T. (2022). "A New Genus of Spittlebugs (Hemiptera, Cercopidae) from the Eocene of Central Tibetan Plateau". Insects. 13 (770): 770. doi: 10.3390/insects13090770 . PMC   9503688 . PMID   36135471.