Sceptridium

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Sceptridium
Botrychium multifidum.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Division: Polypodiophyta
Class: Polypodiopsida
Order: Ophioglossales
Family: Ophioglossaceae
Subfamily: Botrychioideae
Genus: Sceptridium
Lyon
Type species
Sceptridium obliquum
(Muhl. ex Willdenow) Lyon
Species

See text

Synonyms
  • HolubiellaSkoda

Sceptridium is a genus of seedless vascular plants in the family Ophioglossaceae, [1] closely allied to (and often included as a subgenus [2] of) the genus Botrychium (the moonworts and grapeferns). It is also closely related to the genus Botrypus (the rattlesnake fern, often treated as the subgenus Osmundopteris under Botrychium). Sceptridium species are commonly called the grape-ferns.

These plants are small with fleshy roots, and reproduce by spores shed into the air. They differ from the moonworts in having at least some sterile fronds (all fronds in Botrychium are spore-bearing), and in the fronds being bi- or tri-pinnate (Botrychium are single pinnate, or rarely bipinnate); and from Botrypus in being evergreen, or at least winter-green (Botrypus are deciduous) and having the non-spore-bearing part of the frond long-stalked (short-stalked in Botrypus).

Phylogeny

Phylogeny of Sceptridium [3] [4] ;width:300px

(Hiemobotrychium)

S. lunarioides (Michaux) Holub (winter grapefern) [5]

(Sceptridium)

S. schaffneri(Underwood) Lyon [6]

S. decompositum(von Martius & Gal.) Lyon

S. daucifolium(Wallich ex Hooker & Greville) Lyon

S. atrovirensSahashi

S. formosanum(Tagawa) Holub

S. multifidum (Gmelin) Nishida ex Tag. (leather grape-fern) [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13]

S. oneidense (Gilbert) Holub (blunt-leaved grape-fern) [7] [14] [15] [16]

S. biternatum (Sav.) Lyon (sparse-lobed grapefern, southern grapefern) [17]

S. dissectum (Spreng.) Lyon (cut-leaved grape-fern) [7] [18] [19] [20] [21]

S. microphyllumSahashi

S. × pseudoternatum(Sahashi)

S. nipponicum(Makino) Holub

S. robustum(Rupr.) Lyon

S. triangularifoliumSahashi

S. japonicum(Prantl) Lyon

S. ternatum(Thunberg) Lyon

Unassigned species:

Botrychium rugulosum Botrychium rugulosum by OpenCage.jpg
Botrychium rugulosum

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ophioglossaceae</span> Family of ferns

Ophioglossaceae, the adder's-tongue family, is a small family of ferns. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016, it is the only family in the order Ophioglossales, which together with the Psilotales is placed in the subclass Ophioglossidae. The Ophioglossidae are one of the groups traditionally known as eusporangiate ferns. Members of the family differ from other ferns in a number of ways. Many have only a single fleshy leaf at a time. Their gametophytes are subterranean and rely on fungi for energy.

<i>Botrychium</i> Genus of ferns in the family Ophioglossaceae

Botrychium is a genus of ferns, seedless vascular plants in the family Ophioglossaceae. Botrychium species are known as moonworts. They are small, with fleshy roots, and reproduce by spores shed into the air. One part of the leaf, the trophophore, is sterile and fernlike; the other, the sporophore, is fertile and carries the clusters of sporangia or spore cases. Some species only occasionally emerge above ground and gain most of their nourishment from an association with mycorrhizal fungi.

<i>Matteuccia</i> Species of fern in the family Onocleaceae

Matteuccia is a genus of ferns with one species: Matteuccia struthiopteris. The species epithet struthiopteris comes from Ancient Greek words στρουθίων (strouthíōn) "ostrich" and πτερίς (pterís) "fern".

<i>Polystichum</i> Genus of ferns

Polystichum is a genus of ferns in the family Dryopteridaceae, subfamily Dryopteridoideae, according to the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016. The genus has about 500 species and has a cosmopolitan distribution. The highest diversity is in eastern Asia, with about 208 species in China alone; the region from Mexico to Brazil has at least 100 additional species; Africa, North America, and Europe have much lower diversity. Polystichum species are terrestrial or rock-dwelling ferns of warm-temperate and montane-tropical regions. They are often found in disturbed habitats such as road cuts, talus slopes, and stream banks.

<i>Physocarpus</i> Genus of flowering plants

Physocarpus, commonly called ninebark, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae, native to North America and northeastern Asia.

<i>Botrypus</i> North American species of fern

Botrypus virginianus, synonym Botrychium virginianum, sometimes called rattlesnake fern is a species of perennial fern in the adders-tongue family. It is monotypic within the genus Botrypus, meaning that it is the only species within the genus. It is called the rattlesnake fern in some parts of North America, due to its habit of growing in places where rattlesnakes are also found. Rattlesnake fern prefers to grow in rich, moist woods in dense shade and will not tolerate direct sunlight.

<i>Botrychium pumicola</i> Western North American species of moonwort

Botrychium pumicola, with the common name pumice moonwort, is a rare fern.

<i>Cyrtomium falcatum</i> Species of fern native to Asia

Cyrtomium falcatum is a species of fern, commonly known as house holly-fern and Japanese holly fern, in the wood fern family Dryopteridaceae. It is native to eastern Asia.

<i>Pteris vittata</i> Species of fern

Pteris vittata, the Chinese brake, Chinese ladder brake, or simply ladder brake, is a fern species in the Pteridoideae subfamily of the Pteridaceae. It is indigenous to Asia, southern Europe, tropical Africa, and Australia. The type specimen was collected in China by Pehr Osbeck.

<i>Sceptridium multifidum</i> Species of fern

Sceptridium multifidum is a fern species in the Ophioglossaceae, known by the common names leathery grapefern and leathery moonwort.

<i>Botrychium lunaria</i> Worldwide temperate species of moonwort

Botrychium lunaria is a species of fern in the family Ophioglossaceae known by the common name moonwort or common moonwort. It is the most widely distributed moonwort, growing throughout the Northern Hemisphere across Eurasia and from Alaska to Greenland, as well as temperate parts of the Southern Hemisphere.

<i>Cystopteris bulbifera</i> Species of fern

Cystopteris bulbifera, with the common name bulblet fern, bulblet bladderfern, or bulblet fragile fern is a fern in the family Cystopteridaceae.

<i>Sceptridium dissectum</i> Species of fern

Sceptridium dissectum is a common fern in the family Ophioglossaceae, occurring in eastern North America. Like other plants in this group, it normally only sends up one frond per year. It has long been the subject of confusion because the frond presents in one of two forms, either the normal form that resembles other plants in the genus, or the skeletonized form.

<i>Botrychium boreale</i> A Northern Hemisphere species of moonwort

Botrychium boreale, commonly called northern moonwort, is a species of fern in the family Ophioglossaceae. It is a short, single leaved rhizome that stands upright.

<i>Botrychium matricariifolium</i> Temperate Northern Hemisphere species of moonwort

Botrychium matricariifolium is a species of fern in the Ophioglossaceae family. It is referred to by the common names chamomile grape-fern, daisyleaf grape-fern, and matricary grape-fern. It is native to Europe and parts of eastern North America, including eastern Canada and parts of the United States.

<i>Botrychium paradoxum</i> North American species of moonwort

Botrychium paradoxum is a species of fern in the family Ophioglossaceae known by the common name peculiar moonwort. It is native to North America, where there are scattered occurrences in Alberta, British Columbia, Saskatchewan, Montana, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

<i>Sceptridium oneidense</i> Species of fern

Sceptridium oneidense, the blunt-lobed grapefern, is a fern species in the family Ophioglossaceae.

<i>Sceptridium jenmanii</i> Species of plant

Sceptridium jenmanii, the Alabama grapefern or Dixie grapefern, is a species of fern in the Ophioglossaceae native to the southeastern United States. It is a rare species, and is apparently in decline. Like other grape ferns, it depends on a mycorrhizal association in the soil to survive.

References

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