United States presidential election summary since 1828

Last updated October 29, 2024

The following is a summary of United States presidential elections since 1828.

Year	Democratic ^{[lower-alpha 1]}				Republican ^{[lower-alpha 2]}				Other				Total		Turn -out ^[1]^{[lower-alpha 3]}	Majority^{[lower-alpha 4]}
	Popular Votes		EC Votes		Popular Votes		EC Votes		Popular Votes		EC Votes		Popular Votes	EC Votes		Popular Votes^{[lower-alpha 5]}	EC Votes
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%	Popular Votes	EC Votes		Popular Votes^{[lower-alpha 5]}	EC Votes
2020 ^[2]	81,268,924	51.31%	306^[3]	56.88%	74,216,154	46.86%	232	43.12%	2,898,325	1.83%	0	0.00%	158,383,403	538	66.20%	7,052,770	74
2016 ^[4]	65,853,514	48.18%	227	42.19%	62,984,828	46.09%	304	56.51%	7,830,934	5.73%	7	1.30%	136,669,276	538	55.67%	-2,868,686	77
2012 ^[5]	65,915,795	51.06%	332	61.71%	60,933,504	47.20%	206	38.29%	2,236,111	1.73%	0	0.00%	129,085,410	538	54.87%	4,982,291	126
2008 ^[6]	69,498,516	52.93%	365	67.84%	59,948,323	45.65%	173	32.16%	1,866,981	1.42%	0	0.00%	131,313,820	538	58.23%	9,550,193	192
2004 ^[7]	59,028,444	48.27%	251	46.65%	62,040,610	50.73%	286	53.16%	1,226,291	1.00%	1	0.19%	122,295,345	538	56.70%	3,012,166	35
2000 ^[8]^[9]	50,999,897	48.38%	266	49.44%	50,456,002	47.87%	271	50.37%	3,949,201	3.75%	1	0.19%	105,405,100	538	51.21%	-543,895	5
1996 ^[10]^[11]	47,402,357	49.24%	379	70.45%	39,198,755	40.71%	159	29.55%	9,676,522	10.05%	0	0.00%	96,277,634	538	49.00%	8,203,602	220
1992 ^[12]	44,909,889	43.01%	370	68.77%	39,104,545	37.45%	168	31.23%	20,412,225	19.55%	0	0.00%	104,426,659	538	55.24%	5,805,344	202
1988 ^[13]	41,809,074	45.65%	111	20.63%	48,886,097	53.37%	426	79.18%	899,638	0.98%	1	0.19%	91,594,809	538	50.15%	7,077,023	315
1984 ^[14]	37,577,185	40.56%	13	2.42%	54,455,075	58.77%	525	97.58%	620,582	0.67%	0	0.00%	92,652,842	538	53.27%	16,877,890	512
1980 ^[15]	35,480,115	41.01%	49	9.11%	43,903,230	50.75%	489	90.89%	7,126,333	8.24%	0	0.00%	86,509,678	538	52.56%	8,423,115	440
1976 ^[16]	40,831,881	50.08%	297	55.20%	39,148,634	48.01%	240	44.61%	1,560,265	1.91%	1	0.19%	81,540,780	538	53.55%	1,683,247	57
1972 ^[17]	29,173,222	37.52%	17	3.16%	47,168,710	60.67%	520	96.65%	1,402,098	1.80%	1	0.19%	77,744,030	538	55.21%	17,995,488	503
1968 ^[18]	31,271,839	42.72%	191	35.50%	31,783,783	43.42%	301	55.95%	10,144,377	13.86%	46	8.55%	73,199,999	538	60.84%	511,944	110
1964 ^[19]	43,129,040	61.05%	486	90.33%	27,175,754	38.47%	52	9.67%	336,745	0.48%	0	0.00%	70,641,539	538	61.92%	15,953,286	434
1960 ^[20]	34,220,984	49.72%	303	56.42%	34,108,157	49.55%	219	40.78%	503,342	0.73%	15	2.79%	68,832,483	537	62.77%	112,827	84
1956 ^[21]	26,028,028	41.97%	73	13.75%	35,579,180	57.37%	457	86.06%	414,771	0.67%	1	0.19%	62,021,979	531	60.60%	9,551,152	384
1952 ^[22]	27,375,090	44.33%	89	16.76%	34,075,529	55.18%	442	83.24%	301,323	0.49%	0	0.00%	61,751,942	531	63.30%	6,700,439	353
1948 ^[23]	24,179,347	49.55%	303	57.06%	21,991,292	45.07%	189	35.59%	2,624,071	5.38%	39	7.34%	48,793,535	531	53.00%	2,188,055	114
1944 ^[24]	25,612,916	53.39%	432	81.36%	22,017,929	45.89%	99	18.64%	346,247	0.72%	0	0.00%	47,977,092	531	55.90%	3,594,987	333
1940 ^[25]	27,314,449	54.72%	449	84.56%	22,348,343	44.77%	82	15.44%	250,060	0.50%	0	0.00%	49,912,852	531	62.50%	4,966,106	367
1936 ^[26]	27,757,431	60.80%	523	98.49%	16,683,574	36.54%	8	1.51%	1,213,383	2.66%	0	0.00%	45,654,388	531	61.00%	11,073,857	515
1932 ^[27]	22,821,513	57.41%	472	88.89%	15,761,532	39.65%	59	11.11%	1,169,409	2.94%	0	0.00%	39,752,454	531	56.90%	7,059,981	413
1928 ^[28]	15,015,863	40.79%	87	16.38%	21,428,584	58.22%	444	83.62%	364,514	0.99%	0	0.00%	36,808,961	531	56.90%	6,412,721	357
1924 ^[29]	8,384,341	28.82%	136	25.61%	15,719,068	54.03%	382	71.94%	4,989,215	17.15%	13	2.45%	29,092,624	531	48.90%	7,334,727	246
1920 ^[30]	9,140,256	34.12%	127	23.92%	16,166,126	60.35%	404	76.08%	1,481,843	5.53%	0	0.00%	26,788,225	531	49.20%	7,025,870	277
1916 ^[31]	9,130,861	49.25%	277	52.17%	8,549,700	46.11%	254	47.83%	860,757	4.64%	0	0.00%	18,541,318	531	61.60%	581,161	23
1912 ^[32]	6,294,284	41.83%	435	81.92%	3,487,937	23.18%	8	1.51%	5,263,325	34.98%	88	16.57%	15,045,546	531	58.80%	2,173,675	347
1908 ^[33]	6,409,007	43.04%	162	33.54%	7,678,174	51.57%	321	66.46%	801,928	5.39%	0	0.00%	14,889,109	483	65.40%	1,269,167	159
1904 ^[34]	5,084,537	37.59%	140	29.41%	7,630,557	56.42%	336	70.59%	810,665	5.99%	0	0.00%	13,525,759	476	65.20%	2,546,020	196
1900 ^[35]	6,358,149	45.51%	155	34.68%	7,218,283	51.66%	292	65.32%	395,414	2.83%	0	0.00%	13,971,846	447	73.20%	860,134	137
1896 ^[36]	6,510,807	46.71%	176	39.37%	7,112,138	51.02%	271	60.63%	315,729	2.27%	0	0.00%	13,938,674	447	79.30%	601,331	95
1892 ^[37]	5,553,898	46.02%	277	62.39%	5,190,799	43.01%	145	32.66%	1,323,330	10.97%	22	4.95%	12,068,027	444	74.70%	363,099	132
1888 ^[38]	5,538,163	48.63%	168	41.90%	5,443,633	47.80%	233	58.10%	407,050	3.57%	0	0.00%	11,388,846	401	79.40%	-94,530	65
1884 ^[39]	4,914,482	48.85%	219	54.61%	4,856,903	48.28%	182	45.39%	288,760	2.87%	0	0.00%	10,060,145	401	77.50%	57,579	37
1880 ^[40]	4,444,267	48.22%	155	42.01%	4,453,337	48.31%	214	57.99%	319,806	3.47%	0	0.00%	9,217,410	369	78.00%	9,070	59
1876 ^[41]	4,286,808	50.92%	184	49.86%	4,034,142	47.92%	185	50.14%	97,709	1.16%	0	0.00%	8,418,659	369	81.80%	-252,666	1
1872 ^[42]^{[lower-alpha 6]}	0	0.00%	0	0.00%	3,597,439	55.58%	286	81.25%	2,874,544	44.42%	66	18.75%	6,471,983	352	71.30%	763,729	220
1868 ^[43]	2,708,980	47.34%	80	27.21%	3,013,790	52.66%	214	72.79%	46	0.00%	0	0.00%	5,722,816	294	78.10%	304,810	134
1864 ^[44]	1,806,227	44.95%	21	9.01%	2,211,317	55.03%	212	90.99%	658	0.02%	0	0.00%	4,018,202	233	73.80%	405,090	191
1860 ^[45]	1,381,944	29.52%	12	3.96%	1,855,993	39.65%	180	59.41%	1,443,330	30.83%	111	36.63%	4,681,267	303	81.20%	1,004,149	108
1856 ^[46]	1,835,140	45.29%	174	58.78%	1,340,668	33.09%	114	38.51%	875,797	21.62%	8	2.70%	4,051,605	296	78.90%	494,472	60
1852 ^[47]	1,605,943	50.83%	254	85.81%	1,386,418	43.88%	42	14.19%	167,279	5.29%	0	0.00%	3,159,640	296	69.60%	219,525	212
1848 ^[48]	1,222,353	42.49%	127	43.79%	1,360,235	47.28%	163	56.21%	294,230	10.23%	0	0.00%	2,876,818	290	72.70%	137,882	36
1844 ^[49]	1,339,570	49.54%	170	61.82%	1,300,157	48.09%	105	38.18%	64,137	2.37%	0	0.00%	2,703,864	275	78.90%	39,413	65
1840 ^[50]	1,129,645	46.82%	60	20.41%	1,275,583	52.87%	234	79.59%	7,466	0.31%	0	0.00%	2,412,694	294	80.20%	145,938	174
1836 ^[51]^{[lower-alpha 7]}	763,291	50.79%	170	57.82%	549,907	36.59%	73	24.83%	189,613	12.62%	51	17.35%	1,502,811	294	57.80%	213,384	97
1832 ^[52]	702,735	54.74%	219	76.57%	474,107	36.93%	49	17.13%	106,878	8.33%	18	6.29%	1,283,720	286	55.40%	228,628	170
1828 ^[53]	642,806	55.93%	178	68.20%	501,967	43.68%	83	31.80%	4,443	0.39%	0	0.00%	1,149,216	261	57.60%	140,839	95

Notes

↑ Northern Democrats 1860.
↑ National Republican Party 1828–32; Whig Party 1836–1852; National Union Party 1864.
↑ Turnout prior to 1960 is rounded to one decimal place.
↑ Majority of winning candidate over second placed candidate in terms of electoral college votes. In 1860 the second placed candidate was not second placed in terms of popular votes.
↑ Negative numbers indicate winning candidate won absolute majority of electoral college votes but lost the popular vote.
↑ At the 1872 election the Democratic Party did not field its own candidate but instead supported Liberal Republican Party candidate Horace Greeley.
↑ At the 1836 election the Whig Party fielded four candidates - only the leading candidate's (William Henry Harrison) votes are included in the "Republican" columns, the other three Whig candidates votes are included under "Other".

Related Research Articles

Following is a table of United States presidential elections in Alabama, ordered by year. Since its admission to statehood in 1819, Alabama has participated in every U.S. presidential election except the election of 1864, during the American Civil War, when the state had seceded to join the Confederacy.

Following is a table of United States presidential elections in Delaware, ordered by year. Since its admission to statehood in 1787, Delaware has participated in every U.S. presidential election.

Following is a table of United States presidential elections in Georgia, ordered by year. Since its admission to statehood in 1788, Georgia has participated in every U.S. presidential election except the election of 1864, when it had seceded in the American Civil War.

Following is a table of United States presidential elections in Illinois, ordered by year. Since its admission to statehood in 1818, Illinois has participated in every U.S. presidential election.

Following is a table of United States presidential elections in Indiana, ordered by year. Since its admission to statehood in 1816, Indiana has participated in every U.S. presidential election.

Following is a table of United States presidential elections in Kentucky, ordered by year. Since its admission to statehood in 1792, Kentucky has participated in every U.S. presidential election. Prior to the election of 1792, Kentucky was part of Virginia, and residents of the area voted as part of that state.

Following is a table of United States presidential elections in Louisiana, ordered by year. Since its admission to statehood in 1812, Louisiana has participated in every U.S. presidential election except the election of 1864, during the American Civil War. At that time, Louisiana was controlled by the Union and held elections, but electors were not ultimately counted.

Following is a table of United States presidential elections in Maryland, ordered by year. Since its admission to statehood in 1788, Maryland has participated in every U.S. presidential election. Considered a bellwether state during the 20th century, only voting for the losing candidate three times during that century, Maryland has since become one of the most blue (Democratic) states, last voting for a Republican candidate in 1988.

Following is a table of United States presidential elections in Massachusetts, ordered by year. Since its admission to statehood in 1788, Massachusetts has participated in every U.S. presidential election.

Following is a table of United States presidential elections in Michigan, ordered by year. Since its admission to statehood in 1837, Michigan has participated in every U.S. presidential election, although they did participate in the 1836 election and receive electoral votes. Michigan is tied with Pennsylvania and Wisconsin for the longest active streak of voting for the winning candidate, last voting for a losing candidate in 2004 when they backed John Kerry.

Following is a table of United States presidential elections in New Hampshire, ordered by year.

Following is a table of United States presidential elections in New Jersey, ordered by year. Since its admission to statehood in 1787, New Jersey has participated in every U.S. presidential election.

Following is a table of United States presidential elections in North Carolina, ordered by year. Since its admission to statehood in 1789, North Carolina has participated in every U.S. presidential election except the election of 1864, during the American Civil War, when the state had seceded to join the Confederacy. North Carolina did not participate in the 1788–89 United States presidential election, as it did not ratify the Constitution of the United States until months after the end of that election and after George Washington had assumed office as President of the United States.

Following is a table of United States presidential elections in Ohio, ordered by year. Since its admission to statehood in 1803, Ohio has participated in every U.S. presidential election.

Following is a table of United States presidential elections in Rhode Island, ordered by year. Since its admission to statehood in 1790, Rhode Island has participated in every U.S. presidential election.

Following is a table of United States presidential elections in South Carolina, ordered by year. Since its admission to statehood in 1788, South Carolina has participated in every U.S. presidential election except the election of 1864 during the American Civil War, when the state had seceded to join the Confederacy.

Following is a table of United States presidential elections in Tennessee, ordered by year. Since its admission to statehood in 1796, Tennessee has participated in every U.S. presidential election except the election of 1864, during the American Civil War. At that time, Tennessee was controlled by the Union and held elections, but electors were not ultimately counted.

Following is a table of United States presidential elections in Vermont, ordered by year. Since its admission to statehood in 1791, Vermont has participated in every U.S. presidential election.

Following is a table of United States presidential elections in Virginia, ordered by year. Since its admission to statehood in 1788, Virginia has participated in every U.S. presidential election except the election of 1864 during the American Civil War, when the state had seceded to join the Confederacy, and the election of 1868, when the state was undergoing Reconstruction. As of 2022, it is the only state of the former Confederacy to vote reliably Democratic.

Since the enactment of the 23rd amendment to the Constitution in 1961, the District of Columbia has participated in 15 presidential elections. The amendment states that it cannot have more electoral votes than the state with the smallest number of electors. Since then, it has been allocated three electoral votes in every presidential election. The Democratic Party has immense political strength in the district. In each of the 15 presidential elections, the district has overwhelmingly voted for the Democratic candidate, with no margin less than 56.5 percentage points. It has been won by the losing candidate in 8 of the 15 elections.

References

↑ "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections: 1828 - 2012". The American Presidency Project, University of California, Santa Barbara.
↑ Official 2020 Presidential General Election Results fec.gov
↑ "Congress completes electoral count, finalizing Biden's win after violent delay from pro-Trump mob". CNN . 6 January 2021.
↑ "Federal Elections 2016: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives" (PDF). Federal Elections Commission. December 2017. Retrieved August 12, 2020.
↑ "Federal Elections 2012: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. July 2013. pp. 5–6.
↑ "Federal Elections 2008: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. July 2009. pp. 5–6.
↑ "Federal Elections 2004: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. May 2005. pp. 5–6.
↑ "Federal Elections 2000: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives - 2000 Presidential Popular Vote Summary". Federal Election Commission. December 2001.
↑ "Federal Elections 2000: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives - 2000 Presidential Electoral and Popular Vote". Federal Election Commission. December 2001.
↑ "Federal Elections 1996: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives - 1996 Popular Vote Summary". Federal Election Commission. October 1997.
↑ "Federal Elections 1996: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives - 1996 Electoral Vote and Popular Vote Summary". Federal Election Commission. October 1997.
↑ "Federal Elections 1992: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. July 1993. pp. 9–10.
↑ "Federal Elections 1988: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. June 1989. p. 15.
↑ "Federal Elections 1984: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. June 1985. p. 15.
↑ "1980 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1976 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1968 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1972 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1964 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1960 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1956 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1952 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1948 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1944 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1940 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1936 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1932 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1928 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1924 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1920 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1916 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1912 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1908 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1904 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1900 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1896 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1892 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1888 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1884 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1880 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1876 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1872 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1868 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1864 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1860 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1856 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1852 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1848 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1844 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1840 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1836 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1832 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ "1828 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[1] Northern Democrats 1860.

[2] National Republican Party 1828–32; Whig Party 1836–1852; National Union Party 1864.

[4] Turnout prior to 1960 is rounded to one decimal place.

[5] Majority of winning candidate over second placed candidate in terms of electoral college votes. In 1860 the second placed candidate was not second placed in terms of popular votes.

[6] Negative numbers indicate winning candidate won absolute majority of electoral college votes but lost the popular vote.

[48] At the 1872 election the Democratic Party did not field its own candidate but instead supported Liberal Republican Party candidate Horace Greeley.

[58] At the 1836 election the Whig Party fielded four candidates - only the leading candidate's (William Henry Harrison) votes are included in the "Republican" columns, the other three Whig candidates votes are included under "Other".

[3] "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections: 1828 - 2012". The American Presidency Project, University of California, Santa Barbara.

[7] Official 2020 Presidential General Election Results fec.gov

[8] "Congress completes electoral count, finalizing Biden's win after violent delay from pro-Trump mob". CNN . 6 January 2021.

[results2016-9] "Federal Elections 2016: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives" (PDF). Federal Elections Commission. December 2017. Retrieved August 12, 2020.

[10] "Federal Elections 2012: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. July 2013. pp. 5–6.

[11] "Federal Elections 2008: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. July 2009. pp. 5–6.

[12] "Federal Elections 2004: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. May 2005. pp. 5–6.

[13] "Federal Elections 2000: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives - 2000 Presidential Popular Vote Summary". Federal Election Commission. December 2001.

[14] "Federal Elections 2000: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives - 2000 Presidential Electoral and Popular Vote". Federal Election Commission. December 2001.

[15] "Federal Elections 1996: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives - 1996 Popular Vote Summary". Federal Election Commission. October 1997.

[16] "Federal Elections 1996: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives - 1996 Electoral Vote and Popular Vote Summary". Federal Election Commission. October 1997.

[17] "Federal Elections 1992: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. July 1993. pp. 9–10.

[18] "Federal Elections 1988: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. June 1989. p. 15.

[19] "Federal Elections 1984: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. June 1985. p. 15.

[20] "1980 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[21] "1976 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[22] "1968 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[23] "1972 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[24] "1964 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[25] "1960 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[26] "1956 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[27] "1952 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[28] "1948 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[29] "1944 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[30] "1940 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[31] "1936 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[32] "1932 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[33] "1928 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[34] "1924 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[35] "1920 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[36] "1916 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[37] "1912 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[38] "1908 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[39] "1904 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[40] "1900 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[41] "1896 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[42] "1892 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[43] "1888 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[44] "1884 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[45] "1880 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[46] "1876 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[47] "1872 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[49] "1868 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[50] "1864 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[51] "1860 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[52] "1856 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[53] "1852 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[54] "1848 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[55] "1844 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[56] "1840 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[57] "1836 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[59] "1832 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[60] "1828 Presidential General Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.

[lower-alpha 1]

[lower-alpha 2]

[1]

[lower-alpha 3]

[lower-alpha 4]

[lower-alpha 5]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

[26]

[27]

[28]

[29]

[30]

[31]

[32]

[33]

[34]

[35]

[36]

[37]

[38]

[39]

[40]

[41]

[42]

[lower-alpha 6]

[43]

[44]

[45]

[46]

[47]

[48]

[49]

[50]

[51]

[lower-alpha 7]

[52]

[53]

v t e United States presidential elections
Elections by year	1788 1792 1796 1800 1804 1808 1812 1816 1820 1824 1828 1832 1836 1840 1844 1848 1852 1856 1860 1864 1868 1872 1876 1880 1884 1888 1892 1896 1900 1904 1908 1912 1916 1920 1924 1928 1932 1936 1940 1944 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 2024
Elections by state	Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming
Primaries and caucuses	Iowa caucuses New Hampshire presidential primary Nevada presidential caucuses South Carolina presidential primary Super Tuesday
Nominating conventions	List of nominating conventions Brokered convention Convention bounce Superdelegate
Electoral College and popular vote	Results summary elections in which the winner lost the popular vote Electoral College margins Electoral College results by state electoral vote changes between elections electoral vote recipients popular votes received popular-vote margins Electoral Count Act Certificate of ascertainment Certificate of vote Contingent election Faithless elector Unpledged elector Voter turnout
Related	Campaign slogans Historical election polling Election Day Major party tickets Major party losers Presidential debates October surprise Red states and blue states Swing state Tipping-point state Election recount (2000) Guam straw poll Vice presidential confirmations: 1973 1974
House elections Senate elections Gubernatorial elections