United States presidential elections in Florida

Last updated

Presidential elections in Florida
Florida in United States.svg
Number of elections44
Voted Democratic25
Voted Republican18
Voted Whig1
Voted other0
Voted for winning candidate31
Voted for losing candidate12

Florida is a state in the South Atlantic region of the United States. [1] Since its admission to the Union in March 1845, it has participated in every United States presidential elections, with the 1848 election being the first. In this election, the Whig Party won Florida's three electoral votes with 57.20% of the vote; this was its only victory in the state. [2]

Contents

In the realigning 1860 election, Florida was one of the ten slave states that did not provide ballot access to the Republican nominee, Abraham Lincoln. [3] John C. Breckinridge emerged victorious, winning 62.23% of the vote. [4] Shortly after the 1860 election, Florida seceded from the Union and became a part of the Confederacy. [5] As a result, it did not participate in the 1864 presidential election. [6]

With the end of the Civil War, Florida rejoined the Union and participated in the 1868 presidential election. This was the sole presidential election in Florida not decided by the popular vote; instead, the state legislature chose Ulysses S. Grant. [7]

Florida voted for the Republican nominee in all three presidential elections held during the Reconstruction era. [8] [9] Shortly after, white Democrats regained control of the legislature. In 1885, they created a new constitution, followed by statutes through 1889, that disfranchised most Black people and many poor whites. [10] [11] From the end of the Reconstruction era until the 1952 presidential election, the Republican Party only won Florida once, in 1928. According to historian Herbert J. Doherty, the Republicans' victory in that election was mainly because Al Smith, the Democratic nominee, was a Catholic and opposed to Prohibition, causing many members of the Southern Baptist Convention to switch to the Republican Party. [12] The Republican victory in 1952 has been attributed to the emergence of the Pinellas Republican Party, which attracted many voters. [13]

Since the 1952 presidential election, the Democrats have only won Florida five times: in 1964, 1976, 1996, 2008, and 2012. In 2000, George W. Bush led Al Gore by less than 2,000 votes on election day, but as the recount proceeded, the gap between the two sides continued to narrow. [14] In Bush v. Gore , the Bush campaign filed a lawsuit against Gore in the U.S. Supreme Court, arguing that the recounting of votes in certain counties violated the Equal Protection Clause of the U.S. Constitution. The Supreme Court announced the halt of vote recounting. [15] After a lengthy judicial process, Bush eventually won Florida's electoral votes by a margin of only 537 votes out of almost six million cast (0.009%) and, as a result, became the president-elect. [16] However, the result sparked controversy. [17]

Florida was long a swing state; furthermore, it had been seen as a bellwether in presidential elections since 1928, only voting for the non-winner in 1960, 1992 and 2020. [18] However, with the Republican Party far exceeding its national average in Florida in the 2022 midterm elections, many analysts believe that the state has transitioned from being a Republican-leaning swing state into a reliable red state, with Democratic-leaning trends in Hillsborough County, Orange County, and Osceola County unable to offset Republican gains in Miami-Dade County, Broward County, and Palm Beach County. [19] [20] This proposition was reinforced in 2024, when Republican Donald Trump won the state by 13.1 points, a margin that was 11.6 points greater than the national popular vote.

Presidential elections

Key for parties
   Democratic Party – (D)
   Dixiecrat Party – (DI)
   Ecology Party – (E)
   Free Soil Party – (FS)
   Green Party – (G)
   Know Nothing Party – (KN)
   Libertarian Party – (LI)
   Populist Party – (PO)
   Progressive Party (1912) – (PR-1912)
   Progressive Party (1924) – (PR-1924)
   Prohibition Party – (PRO)
   Reform Party – (RE)
   Republican Party – (R)
   Whig Party – (W)
Note – A double dagger () indicates the national winner.

1848 to 1856

Presidential elections in Florida from 1848 to 1856
YearWinnerRunner-up (nationally)Other candidate [a] EVRef.
CandidateVotes%CandidateVotes%CandidateVotes%
1848 Zachary Taylor (W)4,120 Lewis Cass (D)3,083 Martin Van Buren (FS)
[b]
3
1852 Franklin Pierce (D)4,318 Winfield Scott (W)2,875 John P. Hale (FS)
[b]
3
1856 James Buchanan (D)6,358 John C. Frémont (R)
[b]
Millard Fillmore (KN)4,8333

1860 and 1864

The election of 1860 was a complex realigning election in which the breakdown of the previous two-party alignment culminated in four parties each competing for influence in different parts of the country. [31] The result of the election, with the victory of an ardent opponent of slavery, spurred the secession of eleven states and brought about the American Civil War. [32]

1860 Presidential election in Florida
YearWinnerRunner-upRunner-upRunner-upEVRef.
CandidateVotes
(%)
CandidateVotes
(%)
CandidateVotes
(%)
CandidateVotes
(%)
1860 John C. Breckinridge (SD)8,277
(
John Bell (CU)4,801
(
Stephen A. Douglas (D)223
(
Abraham Lincoln (R)
[b]
4
1864
Election was not conducted in Florida as it seceded from the Union to join the Confederacy

1868 to present

Presidential elections in Florida from 1864 to present
YearWinnerRunner-upOther candidate [c] EVRef.
CandidateVotes%CandidateVotes%CandidateVotes%
Ulysses S. Grant (R)
Horatio Seymour (D)
3
Ulysses S. Grant (R)17,763 Horace Greeley (LR)15,427
4
Rutherford B. Hayes (R)23,849 Samuel J. Tilden (D)22,927
4
Winfield S. Hancock (D)27,964 James A. Garfield (R)23,654
4
Grover Cleveland (D)31,769 James G. Blaine (R)28,031 John St. John (PRO)724
Grover Cleveland (D)39,557 Benjamin Harrison (R)26,529 Clinton Fisk (PRO)4144
Grover Cleveland (D)30,153 James B. Weaver (PO)4,843 John Bidwell (PRO)4754
William Jennings Bryan (D)32,756 William McKinley (R)11,298 John M. Palmer (ND)17784
William Jennings Bryan (D)28,273 William McKinley (R)7,355 John G. Woolley (PRO)2,2444
Alton B. Parker (D)27,046 Theodore Roosevelt (R)8,314 Eugene V. Debs (S)2,3375
William Jennings Bryan (D)31,104 William Howard Taft (R)10,654 Eugene V. Debs (S)3,7475
Woodrow Wilson (D)35,343 Eugene V. Debs (S)4,806 Theodore Roosevelt (PR-1912)4,5556
Woodrow Wilson (D)55,984 Charles Evans Hughes (R)14,611 Allan L. Benson (S)5,3536
James M. Cox (D)90,515 Warren Harding (R)44,853 Eugene V. Debs (S)5,1896
John W. Davis (D)62,083 Calvin Coolidge (R)30,633 Robert M. La Follette (PR-1924)8,6256
Herbert Hoover (R)144,168 Al Smith (D)101,764 Norman Thomas (S)4,0366
Franklin D. Roosevelt (D)206,307 Herbert Hoover (R)69,170 Norman Thomas (S)7757
Franklin D. Roosevelt (D)249,117 Alfred Landon (R)78,248 Norman Thomas (S)97
Franklin D. Roosevelt (D)359,334 Wendell Willkie (R)126,158Various candidates (Write-ins)1487
Franklin D. Roosevelt (D)339,377 Thomas Dewey (R)143,215Various candidates (Write-ins)2118
Harry Truman (D)281,988 Thomas Dewey (R)194,280 Strom Thurmond (DI)89,7558
Dwight D. Eisenhower (R)544,036 Adlai Stevenson II (D)444,950Various candidates (Write-ins)35110
Dwight D. Eisenhower (R)643,849 Adlai Stevenson II (D)480,371Various candidates (Write-ins)1,54210
Richard Nixon (R)795,476 John F. Kennedy (D)748,700
10
Lyndon B. Johnson (D)948,540 Barry Goldwater (R)905,941
14
Richard Nixon (R)886,804 Hubert Humphrey (D)676,794 George Wallace (AI)624,20714
Richard Nixon (R)1,857,759 George McGovern (D)718,117Various candidates (Write-ins)7,40717
Jimmy Carter (D)1,636,000 Gerald Ford (R)1,469,531 Eugene McCarthy (I)23,64317
Ronald Reagan (R)2,046,951 Jimmy Carter (D)1,419,475 John B. Anderson (I)189,69217
Ronald Reagan (R)2,730,350 Walter Mondale (D)1,448,816 David Bergland (LI)75421
George H. W. Bush (R)2,618,885 Michael Dukakis (D)1,656,701 Ron Paul (LI)19,79621
George H. W. Bush (R)2,173,310 Bill Clinton (D)2,072,698 Ross Perot (I)1,053,06725
Bill Clinton (D)2,546,870 Bob Dole (R)2,244,536 Ross Perot (RE)483,87025
George W. Bush (R)2,912,790 Al Gore (D)2,912,253 Ralph Nader (G)97,48825
George W. Bush (R)3,964,522 John Kerry (D)3,583,544 Ralph Nader (RE)32,97127
Barack Obama (D)4,282,074 John McCain (R)4,045,624 Ralph Nader (E)28,12827
Barack Obama (D)4,237,756 Mitt Romney (R)4,163,447 Gary Johnson (LI)44,72629
Donald Trump [e] (R)4,617,886 Hillary Clinton (D)4,504,975 Gary Johnson (LI)207,04329
Donald Trump [e] (R)5,668,731 Joe Biden (D)5,297,045 Jo Jorgensen (LI)70,32429
Donald Trump (R)6,110,125 Kamala Harris (D)4,683,038 Jill Stein (G)43,15530

Graph

Results Maps

See also

Notes

  1. For purposes of these lists, other national candidates are defined as those who won at least one electoral vote, or won at least ten percent of the vote in multiple states.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Not on ballot
  3. For purposes of these lists, other candidates are defined as those who were in third place in Florida.
  4. Due to the status of Reconstruction, no election was held; the three electoral votes were allocated by the Florida State Legislature to Grant.
  5. 1 2 Changed his home state from State of New York to Florida during his presidency.

References

  1. "The South". Encyclopedia Britannica . June 30, 2021. Archived from the original on July 11, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021.
  2. "1848 Presidential General Election Results - Florida". U.S. Election Atlas. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
  3. Burlingame, Michael (October 4, 2016). "Abraham Lincoln: Campaign and Elections". Miller Center. Archived from the original on November 21, 2016. Retrieved July 13, 2021.
  4. 1 2 Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 764.
  5. "Museum of Florida History". Museum of Florida History . Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
  6. 1 2 Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 765.
  7. 1 2 "The Returns". The Carson Daily Appeal. November 6, 1868. Retrieved January 26, 2021.
  8. 1 2 Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 767.
  9. 1 2 Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 768.
  10. Nancy A. Hewitt (2001). Southern Discomfort: Women's Activism in Tampa, Florida, 1880s–1920s. University of Illinois Press. p. 22. ISBN   978-0-252-02682-9. Archived from the original on February 4, 2021. Retrieved May 13, 2018.
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Works cited