United States presidential elections in Missouri

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Presidential elections in Missouri
Missouri in United States.svg
Number of elections51
Voted Democratic30
Voted Republican19
Voted Democratic-Republican2
Voted other0
Voted for winning candidate37
Voted for losing candidate14

The tables below list the United States presidential elections in Missouri, ordered by year. Since 1904, Missouri has voted for the eventual winner of the presidential election with only four exceptions: 1956, 2008, 2012, and 2020. Missouri was historically viewed as a bellwether state, but the consecutive votes against the winning candidate in 2008 and 2012 introduced doubts about its continued status as a bellwether, and an 18.5-point Republican victory in 2016 indicated that it had become a safe red state.

Contents

Winners of the state are in bold. The shading refers to the state winner, and not the national winner.

Elections from 1864 to present

YearWinner (nationally)VotesPercentRunner-up (nationally)VotesPercentOther national
candidates [lower-alpha 1]
VotesPercentElectoral
Votes
Notes
2020 [1] Joe Biden 1,253,01441.41 Donald Trump 1,718,73656.8010
2016 [2] Donald Trump [lower-alpha 2] 1,594,51156.38 Hillary Clinton 1,071,06837.87-10
2012 [3] Barack Obama 1,223,79644.38 Mitt Romney 1,482,44053.76-10
2008 [4] Barack Obama 1,441,91149.29 John McCain 1,445,81449.43-11
2004 [5] George W. Bush 1,455,71353.30 John Kerry 1,259,17146.1-11
2000 [6] George W. Bush [lower-alpha 2] 1,189,92450.42 Al Gore 1,111,13847.08-11
1996 [7] Bill Clinton 1,025,93547.54 Bob Dole 890,01641.24 Ross Perot 217,18810.0611
1992 Bill Clinton 1,053,87344.07 George H. W. Bush 811,15933.92 Ross Perot 518,74121.6911
1988 George H. W. Bush 1,084,95351.83 Michael Dukakis 1,001,61947.85-11
1984 Ronald Reagan 1,274,18860.02 Walter Mondale 848,58339.98-11
1980 Ronald Reagan 1,074,18151.16 Jimmy Carter 931,18244.35 John B. Anderson 77,9203.7112
1976 Jimmy Carter 998,38751.1 Gerald Ford 927,44347.47-12
1972 Richard Nixon 1,154,05862.29 George McGovern 698,53137.71-12
1968 Richard Nixon 811,93244.87 Hubert Humphrey 791,44443.74 George Wallace 206,12611.3912
1964 Lyndon B. Johnson 1,164,34464.05 Barry Goldwater 653,53535.95-12
1960 John F. Kennedy 972,20150.26 Richard Nixon 962,22149.74-13
1956 Dwight D. Eisenhower 914,28949.89 Adlai Stevenson II 918,27350.11 T. Coleman Andrews/
Unpledged Electors [lower-alpha 3]
-13
1952 Dwight D. Eisenhower 959,42950.71 Adlai Stevenson II 929,83049.14-13
1948 Harry S. Truman 917,31558.11 Thomas E. Dewey 655,03941.49 Strom Thurmond 420.00315
1944 Franklin D. Roosevelt 807,80451.37 Thomas E. Dewey 761,52448.43-15
1940 Franklin D. Roosevelt 958,47652.27 Wendell Willkie 871,00947.5-15
1936 Franklin D. Roosevelt 1,111,04360.76 Alf Landon 697,89138.16-15
1932 Franklin D. Roosevelt 1,025,40663.69 Herbert Hoover 564,71335.08-15
1928 Herbert Hoover 834,08055.58 Al Smith 662,56244.15-18
1924 Calvin Coolidge 648,48649.58 John W. Davis 572,75343.79 Robert M. La Follette 84,1606.4318
1920 Warren G. Harding 727,16254.56 James M. Cox 574,79943.13 Parley P. Christensen 3,2910.2518
1916 Woodrow Wilson 398,03250.59 Charles E. Hughes 369,33946.94-18
1912 Woodrow Wilson 330,74647.35 Theodore Roosevelt 124,37517.8 William H. Taft 207,82129.7518
1908 William H. Taft 347,20348.5 William Jennings Bryan 346,57448.41-18
1904 Theodore Roosevelt 321,44949.93 Alton B. Parker 296,31246.02-18
1900 William McKinley 314,09245.94 William Jennings Bryan 351,92251.48-17
1896 William McKinley 304,94045.25 William Jennings Bryan 363,66753.96-17
1892 Grover Cleveland 268,40049.56 Benjamin Harrison 227,64642.03 James B. Weaver 41,2047.6117
1888 Benjamin Harrison [lower-alpha 2] 236,25245.31 Grover Cleveland 261,94350.24-16
1884 Grover Cleveland 236,02353.49 James G. Blaine 203,08146.02-16
1880 James A. Garfield 153,64738.67 Winfield S. Hancock 208,60052.51 James B. Weaver 35,0428.8215
1876 Rutherford B. Hayes 145,02741.36 Samuel J. Tilden 202,08657.64-15
1872 Ulysses S. Grant 119,19643.65 Horace Greeley 151,43455.46-15
1868 Ulysses S. Grant 86,86057 Horatio Seymour 65,62843-11
1864 Abraham Lincoln 72,75069.7 George B. McClellan 31,59630.3-11

Election of 1860

The election of 1860 was a complex realigning election in which the breakdown of the previous two-party alignment culminated in four parties each competing for influence in different parts of the country. The result of the election, with the victory of an ardent opponent of slavery, spurred the secession of eleven states and brought about the American Civil War.

YearWinner (nationally)VotesPercentRunner-up (nationally)VotesPercentRunner-up (nationally)VotesPercentRunner-up (nationally)VotesPercentElectoral
Votes
1860 Abraham Lincoln 17,02810.3 Stephen A. Douglas 58,80135.5 John C. Breckinridge 31,36218.9 John Bell 58,37235.39

Elections from 1828 to 1856

YearWinner (nationally)VotesPercentRunner-up (nationally)VotesPercentOther national
candidates [lower-alpha 1]
VotesPercentElectoral
Votes
Notes
1856 James Buchanan 57,96454.43 John C. Frémont no ballots Millard Fillmore 48,52245.579
1852 Franklin Pierce 38,81756.42 Winfield Scott 29,98443.58 John P. Hale no ballots9
1848 Zachary Taylor 32,67144.91 Lewis Cass 40,07755.09 Martin Van Buren no ballots7
1844 James K. Polk 41,32256.98 Henry Clay 31,20043.02-7
1840 William Henry Harrison 22,95443.37 Martin Van Buren 29,96956.63-4
1836 Martin Van Buren 10,99559.98 Hugh Lawson White 7,33740.02various [lower-alpha 4] no ballots-4
1832 Andrew Jackson 5,192100 Henry Clay no ballots William Wirt no ballots4
1828 Andrew Jackson 8,23270.64 John Quincy Adams 3,42229.36-3

Election of 1824

The election of 1824 was a complex realigning election following the collapse of the prevailing Democratic-Republican Party, resulting in four different candidates each claiming to carry the banner of the party, and competing for influence in different parts of the country. The election was the only one in history to be decided by the House of Representatives under the provisions of the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution after no candidate secured a majority of the electoral vote. It was also the only presidential election in which the candidate who received a plurality of electoral votes (Andrew Jackson) did not become president, a source of great bitterness for Jackson and his supporters, who proclaimed the election of Adams a corrupt bargain.

YearWinner (nationally)VotesPercentRunner-up (nationally)VotesPercentRunner-up (nationally)VotesPercentRunner-up (nationally)VotesPercentElectoral
Votes
1824 Andrew Jackson 1,16633.97 John Quincy Adams 1594.63 Henry Clay 2,04259.50 William H. Crawford 320.933

Election of 1820

In the election of 1820, incumbent President James Monroe ran effectively unopposed, winning all electoral votes except one vote in New Hampshire. The popular vote was primarily directed to filling the office of Vice President.

Missouri's participation in the election was a point of political dispute. On March 9, 1820, Congress had passed a law directing Missouri to hold a convention to form a constitution and a state government. This law stated that "the said state, when formed, shall be admitted into the Union, upon an equal footing with the original states, in all respects whatsoever." [8] However, when Congress reconvened in November 1820, the admission of Missouri became an issue of contention. Proponents claimed that Missouri had fulfilled the conditions of the law and therefore was a state; detractors contended that certain provisions of the Missouri Constitution violated the United States Constitution.

By the time Congress was due to meet to count the electoral votes from the election, this dispute had lasted over two months. The counting raised a ticklish problem: if Congress counted Missouri's votes, that would count as recognition that Missouri was a state; on the other hand, if Congress failed to count Missouri's vote, it would count as recognition that Missouri was not a state. Knowing ahead of time that Monroe had won in a landslide and that Missouri's vote would therefore make no difference in the final result, the Senate passed a resolution on February 13, 1821, stating that if a protest were made, there would be no consideration of the matter unless the vote of Missouri would change who would become president. Instead, the President of the Senate would announce the final tally twice, once with Missouri included and once with it excluded. [9]

The next day this resolution was introduced in the full House. After a lively debate, it was passed. Nonetheless, during the counting of the electoral votes on February 14, 1821, an objection was raised to the votes from Missouri by Representative Arthur Livermore of New Hampshire. He argued that since Missouri had not yet officially become a state, it had no right to cast any electoral votes. Immediately, Representative John Floyd of Virginia argued that Missouri's votes must be counted. Chaos ensued, and order was restored only with the counting of the vote as per the resolution and then adjournment for the day. [10]

Excluding two-campaign two-term presidents, including candidates who eventually lost

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 For purposes of these lists, other national candidates are defined as those who won at least one electoral vote, or won at least ten percent of the vote in multiple states.
  2. 1 2 3 Won the electoral college while losing the popular vote
  3. Was allied with a slate of unpledged electors in Louisiana, Mississippi and South Carolina
  4. Three other candidates ran and received electoral votes nationally as part of the unsuccessful Whig strategy to defeat Martin Van Buren by running four candidates with local appeal in different regions of the country. The others were William Henry Harrison, Daniel Webster, and Willie Person Mangum. None of these candidates appeared on the ballot in Missouri.

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References

  1. "Presidential Election Results: Biden Wins". The New York Times . 3 November 2020. Retrieved November 15, 2020.
  2. 2016 official Federal Election Commission report.
  3. 2012 official Federal Election Commission report.
  4. 2008 official Federal Election Commission report.
  5. "Federal Elections 2004: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate and the U.S. House of Representatives" (PDF). Federal Elections Commission. May 2005.
  6. "2000 Presidential Election Statistics". Dave Leip’s Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
  7. "1996 Presidential Election Statistics". Dave Leip’s Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved 2018-03-05.
  8. United States Congress (1820). United States Statutes at Large. Act of March 6, ch. 23, vol. 3. pp. 545–548. Retrieved August 9, 2006.
  9. United States Congress (1821). Senate Journal. 16th Congress, 2nd Session, February 13. pp. 187–188. Retrieved July 29, 2006.
  10. Annals of Congress. 16th Congress, 2nd Session, February 14, 1821. Gales and Seaton. 1856. pp. 1147–1165. Retrieved July 29, 2006.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)