2026 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri

For related races, see 2026 United States House of Representatives elections.

2026 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri

←  2024 November 3, 2026 2028 →
All 8 Missouri seats to the United States House of Representatives
Party Republican Democratic Last election 6 2

The 2026 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri will be held on November 3, 2026, to elect the eight U.S. representatives from the State of Missouri, one from each of the state's eight congressional districts. The elections will coincide with other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. Primary elections will take place on August 4, 2026.

Background

Main article: 2025 Missouri redistricting

This section is an excerpt from 2025 Missouri redistricting.[ edit ]

Map of Missouri's congressional districts used in the 2022 and 2024 congressional elections
Interactive map version

Map of Missouri's congressional districts as passed by the Governor of Missouri on September 28, 2025 and will be used at the 2026 House elections pending legal challenges

In July 2025, lawmakers in the U.S. state of Missouri began considering a legislative redistricting plan ahead of the 2026 United States House of Representatives elections.

On August 29, 2025, Missouri Governor Mike Kehoe announced a special session to redraw the congressional maps with a proposed map dismantling the safe blue 5th congressional district. ^[2]

Governor Kehoe signed the proposed map bill into law on September 28. Following its enactment, the map has faced lawsuits and a citizens' initiative ballot measure that, if put on the ballot, would suspend the map's implementation for the 2026 election, and if approved, would overturn the map. The ballot measure faces opposition from state Republicans. ^{[3] [4]}

District 1

See also: Missouri's 1st congressional district

The 1st district encompasses the city of St. Louis and much of northern St. Louis County, including Florissant and University City. The incumbent is Democrat Wesley Bell, who was elected with 75.9% of the vote in 2024. ^[5]

Democratic primary

Candidates

Declared

• Wesley Bell, incumbent U.S. representative ^[6]
• Cori Bush, former U.S. representative (2021–2025) ^[7]

Endorsements

Wesley Bell

Organizations

• League of Conservation Voters Action Fund ^[8]
• Jewish Democratic Council of America ^[9]
• AIPAC ^[10]
• Joint Action Committee for Political Affairs ^[11]

Cori Bush

Organizations

• Justice Democrats ^[12]
• Our Revolution ^[13]
• St Louis Democratic Socialists of America ^[14]
• Peace Action ^[15]

Fundraising

Campaign finance reports as of September 30, 2025
Candidate	Raised	Spent	Cash on hand
Wesley Bell (D)	$818,578	$651,925	$600,574
Cori Bush (D)	$7,377	$30,338	$0
Source: Federal Election Commission [16]

Republican primary

Candidates

Filed paperwork

• Gavin Solomon, businessman from New York ^[17]

General election

Predictions

Source	Ranking	As of
The Cook Political Report [18]	Solid D	February 6, 2025
Inside Elections [19]	Solid D	March 7, 2025
Sabato's Crystal Ball [20]	Safe D	July 15, 2025
Race to the WH [21]	Safe D	September 26, 2025

District 2

See also: Missouri's 2nd congressional district

The 2nd district is anchored by the southern and western suburbs of St. Louis County, including Wildwood, Chesterfield, Ballwin and Kirkwood, as well as Franklin County and others. The incumbent is Republican Ann Wagner, who was re-elected with 54.5% of the vote in 2024. ^{[5] [22]}

Republican primary

Declared

• Ryan Sheridan, nurse ^[23]
• Ann Wagner, incumbent U.S. representative ^[24]

Filed paperwork

• Bill Eigel, former state senator from the 23rd district (2017–2025) and candidate for governor in 2024 ^[24]

Endorsements

Ann Wagner

Executive branch officials

• Donald Trump, president of the United States (2017–2021, 2025–present) ^[25]

Fundraising

Campaign finance reports as of September 30, 2025
Candidate	Raised	Spent	Cash on hand
Ryan Sheridan (R)	$112,488	$68,980	$43,508
Ann Wagner (R)	$1,703,468	$841,149	$3,973,549
Source: Federal Election Commission [26]

Democratic primary

Declared

• Tim Bilash, physician ^[27]
• John Kiehne, perennial candidate ^[28]
• Chuck Summers, plumber and candidate for this district in 2024 ^[27]
• Nick Vivio, epidemiologist at Columbia University ^[29]
• Fred Wellman, podcast host ^[30]

Potential

• Bob Clark, real estate executive and U.S. Commissioner General at Expo 2020 ^[31]

Declined

• Doug Beck, Minority Leader of the Missouri Senate ^[32]
• Adam Wainwright, commentator for MLB on Fox and former St. Louis Cardinals baseball player ^[33]

Fundraising

Campaign finance reports as of September 30, 2025
Candidate	Raised	Spent	Cash on hand
Tim Bilash (D)	$992	$1,026	$467
Chuck Summers (D)	$16,113	$9,064	$5,743
Source: Federal Election Commission [26]

General election

Predictions

Source	Ranking	As of
The Cook Political Report [18]	Solid R	February 6, 2025
Inside Elections [19]	Solid R	March 7, 2025
Sabato's Crystal Ball [20]	Safe R	October 2, 2025
Race to the WH [21]	Likely R	September 26, 2025

Polling

Hypothetical polling

Ann Wagner vs. Generic Democrat

Poll source	Date(s) administered	Sample size [a]	Margin of error	Ann Wagner (R)	Generic Democrat	Undecided
Public Policy Polling (D) [34]	May 21–22, 2025	584 (V)	± 4.0%	46%	47%	7%

District 3

Main article: Missouri's 3rd congressional district

The third district encompasses all of St. Charles County and extends as far west as to include most of Columbia and as far north as to include Mexico and a section of Hannibal. The incumbent is Republican Bob Onder, who was elected with 61.3% of the vote in 2024. ^{[5] [22]}

Republican primary

Filed paperwork

• Bob Onder, incumbent U.S. representative ^[35]

Fundraising

Campaign finance reports as of September 30, 2025
Candidate	Raised	Spent	Cash on hand
Bob Onder (R)	$348,577	$255,722	$243,299
Source: Federal Election Commission [36]

Democratic primary

Declared

• Bethany Mann, technology specialist and nominee for this district in 2022 and 2024 ^{[37] [38]}

Filed paperwork

• Alex Thurmon, web developer ^[39]

Fundraising

Campaign finance reports as of September 30, 2025
Candidate	Raised	Spent	Cash on hand
Bethany Mann (D)	$12,002	$11,035	$5,395
Source: Federal Election Commission [36]

General election

Predictions

Source	Ranking	As of
The Cook Political Report [18]	Solid R	February 6, 2025
Inside Elections [19]	Solid R	March 7, 2025
Sabato's Crystal Ball [20]	Safe R	July 15, 2025
Race to the WH [21]	Safe R	September 26, 2025

District 4

Main article: Missouri's 4th congressional district

The 4th District includes a sliver of downtown Kansas City between the Kansas-Missouri border and Troost Avenue, historically the dividing line between the city's white and Black neighborhoods, as well as suburbs such as Lee's Summit and Grandview in southern Jackson County, and rural counties as far south as the Springfield area and as far east as the Lake of the Ozarks. The incumbent is Republican Mark Alford, who was re-elected with 71.1% of the vote in 2024. ^{[5] [22]}

Republican primary

Declared

• Mark Alford, incumbent U.S. representative ^[40]

Fundraising

Campaign finance reports as of September 30, 2025
Candidate	Raised	Spent	Cash on hand
Mark Alford (R)	$657,651	$238,225	$636,835
Source: Federal Election Commission [41]

Democratic primary

Declared

• Ricky Dana, web designer ^[42]

Filed paperwork

• Hartzell Gray, radio host and Kansas City Tenants Union organizer (previously declared candidacy in Missouri's 5th congressional district before redistricting) ^[43]
• Danny Paul Province ^[44]

Publicly expressed interest

• Quinton Lucas, mayor of Kansas City (2019–present) ^[45]

Declined

• Jolie Justus, former minority leader of the Missouri Senate (2013–2015) from the 10th district (2007–2015) and candidate for mayor of Kansas City in 2019 ^[46]

Fundraising

Campaign finance reports as of September 30, 2025
Candidate	Raised	Spent	Cash on hand
Ricky Dana (D)	$376	$218	$158
Hartzell Gray (D)	$50,670	$29,596	$21,074
Source: Federal Election Commission [41]

General election

Predictions

Source	Ranking	As of
The Cook Political Report [18]	Solid R	February 6, 2025
Inside Elections [19]	Solid R	March 7, 2025
Sabato's Crystal Ball [20]	Safe R	July 15, 2025
Race to the WH [21]	Safe R	September 26, 2025

District 5

Main article: Missouri's 5th congressional district

The 5th District includes a section of Kansas City, suburban neighborhoods such as Independence in eastern Jackson County and rural stretches of western and Mid-Missouri extending as far as the outskirts of Columbia and Jefferson City. The incumbent is Democrat Emanuel Cleaver, who was re-elected with 60.2% of the vote in 2024. ^{[5] [22]}

Democratic primary

Declared

• Emanuel Cleaver, incumbent U.S. representative ^[47]
• Hartzell Gray, radio host and Kansas City Tenants Union organizer ^[48] (filed for candidacy in Missouri's 4th congressional district after redistricting) ^[49]
• Jordan Herrera, attorney ^[48]

Fundraising

Campaign finance reports as of September 30, 2025
Candidate	Raised	Spent	Cash on hand
Emanuel Cleaver (D)	$536,407	$483,715	$942,319
Jordan Herrera (D)	$15,391	$8,938	$3,218
Source: Federal Election Commission [50]

Republican primary

Filed paperwork

• Robert Brandon Foltz, postal carrier ^[51]

General election

Predictions

Source	Ranking	As of
The Cook Political Report [18]	Solid D [b]	October 18, 2025
Inside Elections [19]	Solid R (flip)	September 29, 2025
Sabato's Crystal Ball [20]	Safe R (flip)	October 2, 2025
Race to the WH [21]	Likely R (flip)	September 26, 2025

District 6

Main article: Missouri's 6th congressional district

The 6th district encompasses rural northern Missouri, St. Joseph and all of the Kansas City area in the state north of the Missouri River. The incumbent is Republican Sam Graves, who was re-elected with 70.7% of the vote in 2024. ^{[5] [22]}

Republican primary

Potential

• Sam Graves, incumbent U.S. representative

Filed paperwork

• James Ingram, business owner ^[53]
• Gena Ross, professor and Democratic nominee for this district in 2020 ^[54]

Fundraising

Campaign finance reports as of September 30, 2025
Candidate	Raised	Spent	Cash on hand
Sam Graves (R)	$1,074,851	$550,505	$2,938,334
Source: Federal Election Commission [55]

Democratic primary

Declared

• Josh Smead, architect ^{[56] [57]}

Potential

• John Rizzo, former minority leader of the Missouri Senate (2021–2024) from the 11th district (2017–2024) ^[46]

Filed paperwork

• Matt Levine, transportation security officer ^[58]

Fundraising

Campaign finance reports as of September 30, 2025
Candidate	Raised	Spent	Cash on hand
Matt Levine (D)	$9,534	$8,330	$1,203
Josh Smead (D)	$21,199	$10,461	$10,738
Source: Federal Election Commission [55]

General election

Predictions

Source	Ranking	As of
The Cook Political Report [18]	Solid R	February 6, 2025
Inside Elections [19]	Solid R	March 7, 2025
Sabato's Crystal Ball [20]	Safe R	July 15, 2025
Race to the WH [21]	Safe R	September 26, 2025

District 7

Main article: Missouri's 7th congressional district

The 7th district is located in southwestern Missouri, taking in Springfield, Joplin, Branson, and Nixa. The incumbent is Republican Eric Burlison, who was re-elected with 71.6% of the vote in 2024. ^[5]

Republican primary

Filed paperwork

• Eric Burlison, incumbent U.S. representative ^[59]
• John Casey, construction worker ^[60]
• Grayson Hunt, insurance agent ^[61]

Fundraising

Campaign finance reports as of September 30, 2025
Candidate	Raised	Spent	Cash on hand
Eric Burlison (R)	$757,339	$498,902	$859,825
Source: Federal Election Commission [62]

Democratic primary

Declared

• Missi Hesketh, former mayor of Forsyth and nominee for this district in 2024 ^{[63] [64]}

Fundraising

Campaign finance reports as of September 30, 2025
Candidate	Raised	Spent	Cash on hand
Missi Hesketh (D)	$3,032	$3,231	$4,939
Source: Federal Election Commission [62]

General election

Predictions

Source	Ranking	As of
The Cook Political Report [18]	Solid R	February 6, 2025
Inside Elections [19]	Solid R	March 7, 2025
Sabato's Crystal Ball [20]	Safe R	July 15, 2025
Race to the WH [21]	Safe R	September 26, 2025

District 8

Main article: Missouri's 8th congressional district

The 8th district is the most rural district of Missouri, taking in rural southeastern Missouri, including the Missouri Bootheel, as well as the cities of Cape Girardeau and Poplar Bluff. The incumbent is Republican Jason Smith, who was re-elected with 76.2% of the vote in 2024. ^[5]

Republican primary

Filed paperwork

• Jason Smith, incumbent U.S. representative ^[65]
• Johnathon Tune, vape store owner ^[66]

Fundraising

Campaign finance reports as of September 30, 2025
Candidate	Raised	Spent	Cash on hand
Jason Smith (R)	$3,168,871	$1,695,008	$4,491,007
Source: Federal Election Commission [67]

Democratic primary

Filed paperwork

• Jerry Cass, farmer and candidate of this district in 2004 ^[68]
• Clayton Harbison, tree service contractor ^[69]

Publicly expressed interest

• Frank Barnitz, former state senator from the 16th district (2005–2011) ^[70]

General election

Predictions

Source	Ranking	As of
The Cook Political Report [18]	Solid R	February 6, 2025
Inside Elections [19]	Solid R	March 7, 2025
Sabato's Crystal Ball [20]	Safe R	July 15, 2025
Race to the WH [21]	Safe R	September 26, 2025

Notes

1. Key:
   A – all adults
   RV – registered voters
   LV – likely voters
   V – unclear
2. Prediction made before redistricting was announced ^[52]

References

1. Kern, Ceilidh (September 28, 2025). "Missouri governor signs new congressional redistricting map into law". The Beacon . Retrieved November 14, 2025.
2. "Missouri to take up redistricting in special session, likely netting GOP 1 seat". POLITICO. August 29, 2025. Retrieved August 29, 2025.
3. Hawley-Bates, Savannah (October 18, 2025). "These voters want to overturn Missouri's new gerrymandered congressional map". NPR. Retrieved October 23, 2025.
4. Hancock, Jason (October 16, 2025). "Lawsuit, threat of criminal charges part of GOP effort to block vote on Missouri map • Missouri Independent". Missouri Independent. Retrieved October 23, 2025.
5. "2024 House Vote Tracker". Cook Political Report . Retrieved December 2, 2024.
6. Palermo, Gregg (June 20, 2025). "Former Rep. Cori Bush still weighing 2026 plans". Spectrum News . Retrieved June 20, 2025.
7. Gladney, Nick (October 3, 2025). "Cori Bush announces bid to reclaim Missouri congressional seat". KTVI . Retrieved October 3, 2025.
8. "On Earth Week, We're Endorsing Climate Champions to Take Back the House". League of Conservation Voters. April 25, 2025. Retrieved April 28, 2025.
9. "Jewish Dems Endorsed Candidates". Jewish Democratic Council of America. Retrieved October 28, 2025.
10. "AIPAC Political Portal". AIPAC PAC. Retrieved November 6, 2025.
11. "Candidates". Joint Action Committee for Political Affairs.
12. Weiss, Laura; Mutnick, Ally (October 23, 2025). "Justice Democrats endorse Cori Bush in rematch against Wesley Bell". Punchbowl News . Retrieved October 23, 2025.
13. "'Taking On AIPAC Again,' Cori Bush Launches Campaign to Win Back House Seat". Common Dreams.
14. "Saint Louis DSA is proud to endorse Cori Bush for US Congress!". STDSA on Instagram. Retrieved October 28, 2025.
15. "Meet Our 2026 Candidates". Peace Action. Retrieved November 23, 2025.
16. "2026 Election United States House - Missouri 1st". fec.gov. Federal Election Commission . Retrieved October 27, 2025.
17. "Statement of Candidacy". August 22, 2025
18. "2026 CPR House Race Ratings". Cook Political Report. Retrieved February 6, 2025.
19. "2026 House Ratings". Inside Elections.
20. "2026 House". Sabato's Crystal Ball. Retrieved July 15, 2025.
21. "The 2026 House Forecast". Race to the WH. Retrieved October 8, 2025.
22. Rakich, Nathaniel (September 29, 2025). "A Detailed Analysis of Missouri's New Congressional Map". www.insideelections.com. Retrieved October 6, 2025.
23. "Ryan Sheridan Launches Campaign for Congress in Missouri's 2nd District". WJHL . July 18, 2025. Retrieved September 10, 2025.
24. Suntrup, Jack (October 2, 2024). "Ann Wagner says she's running again in 2026 after Bill Eigel declares interest in job". St. Louis Post-Dispatch . Retrieved February 22, 2025.
25. "President Donald Trump Endorses Congresswoman Ann Wagner for Re-Election in Missouri's Second Congressional District: "She Will Not Let You Down"". The Missouri Times. July 22, 2025. Retrieved November 26, 2025.
26. "2026 Election United States House - Missouri 2nd". fec.gov. Federal Election Commission . Retrieved October 27, 2025.
27. Palermo, Gregg (October 15, 2025). "National Democrats say they're still recruiting for the race against Rep. Ann Wagner". Spectrum News . Retrieved October 15, 2025.
28. Rosenbaum, Jason (April 9, 2025). "National Democrats are targeting this Missouri Congressional district seat to flip in 2026". KCUR-FM . Retrieved April 9, 2025.
29. Fenske, Sarah (November 7, 2025). "Nick Vivio is raising money to challenge Ann Wagner—and eliminate medical debt". St. Louis Magazine . Retrieved November 23, 2025.
30. Holleman, Joe (October 1, 2025). "U.S. Rep. Ann Wagner draws another opponent in 2026 election". St. Louis Post-Dispatch . Retrieved October 1, 2025.
31. Rubashkin, Jacob (June 9, 2025). "Missouri 2: Cardinal Pitcher Adam Wainwright Recruited to Challenge Ann Wagner". Inside Elections . Retrieved June 9, 2025.
32. Rosenbaum, Jason; Kellogg, Sarah (June 30, 2025). "Missouri Senate minority leader expects challenging 2026 after contentious end this year". KWMU . Retrieved July 5, 2025.
33. Goold, Derrick (June 11, 2025). "Congressman Adam Wainwright? Ex-Cardinals pitcher says 'not now' despite poll". St. Louis Post-Dispatch . Retrieved June 13, 2025.
34. Downs, James [@jamesd0wns] (May 29, 2025). "Leaked PPP poll from a Dem org with some details on #MO02, a seat Democrats are targeting this cycle. Rep. Ann Wagner (R) 32% approve 49% disapprove. Head to head Wagner 46% Generic Dem 47%. May 21–22; 584 voters" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
35. "FEC Form 2 for Report FEC-1848483". docquery.fec.gov. Retrieved October 3, 2025.
36. "2026 Election United States House - Missouri 3rd". fec.gov. Federal Election Commission . Retrieved October 27, 2025.
37. "MANN, BETHANY FEC FORM 2 STATEMENT OF CANDIDACY FILING FEC-1867043".
38. Busselman, Payton (August 18, 2025). "Rally at Missouri capitol protests redrawing state's congressional lines". KOMU 8 . KBIA . Retrieved November 23, 2025. Bethany Mann, a Democrat for Missouri Congressional District 3...
39. "THURMON, ALEXANDER FEC FORM 2 STATEMENT OF CANDIDACY FILING FEC-1905432".
40. "Congressman Mark Alford announces he will run for re-election in new 4th Congressional District". KSHB-TV . September 29, 2025. Retrieved October 1, 2025.
41. "2026 Election United States House - Missouri 4th". fec.gov. Federal Election Commission . Retrieved October 27, 2025.
42. "DEMOCRAT RICKY DANA ENTERS 2026 RACE AGAINST 4TH DISTRICT REP MARK ALFORD". KRMS-FM . August 12, 2025. Retrieved September 10, 2025.
43. "Statement of Candidacy". October 23, 2025
44. "FEC Form 2 for Report FEC-1918083". docquery.fec.gov. Retrieved October 8, 2025.
45. Hawley-Bates, Savannah (September 8, 2025). "Kansas City's mayor flirts with running for a U.S. House seat if Republicans pass new map". KCUR-FM . Retrieved September 8, 2025.
46. Kelly, Matthew (September 12, 2025). "Eyeing gerrymandered map, national Democrats seek to recruit Missouri candidates". Kansas City Star . Retrieved September 18, 2025.
47. Nir, David; Singer, Jeff (July 25, 2025). "Morning Digest: Tony Evers announces he won't run for a third term". The Downballot. Retrieved July 25, 2025.
48. Bayless, Kacen (August 14, 2025). "He's a popular KC media personality & activist. Now he's running for Congress". The Kansas City Star . Retrieved August 20, 2025.
49. "Statement of Candidacy". October 23, 2025
50. "2026 Election United States House - Missouri 5th". fec.gov. Federal Election Commission . Retrieved October 27, 2025.
51. "Statement of Candidacy". September 15, 2025
52. Jackson, Malik (August 5, 2025). "Missouri's 5th District could be redistricting's next battleground". FOX 4 Kansas City WDAF-TV | News, Weather, Sports. Retrieved October 18, 2025.
53. "FEC Form 2 STATEMENT OF CANDIDACY".
54. "Statement of Candidacy". August 12, 2025
55. "2026 Election United States House - Missouri 6th". fec.gov. Federal Election Commission . Retrieved October 27, 2025.
56. "Josh Smead Statement of Candidacy". FEC. Retrieved April 2, 2025.
57. S Jason Cole (October 18, 2025). ""No Kings" Rally Draws Over 200 in Excelsior Springs". Excelsior Citizen . Retrieved November 23, 2025. Among those in attendance was Josh Smead, a Democratic candidate for Missouri's 6th Congressional District...
58. "FEC FORM 2 STATEMENT OF CANDIDACY FILING FEC-1894168".
59. "FEC Form 2 for Report FEC-1848590". docquery.fec.gov. Retrieved October 3, 2025.
60. "FEC Form 2 for Report FEC-1926990". docquery.fec.gov. Retrieved November 27, 2025.
61. "FEC Form 2 for Report FEC-1924790". docquery.fec.gov. Retrieved November 23, 2025.
62. "2026 Election United States House - Missouri 7th". fec.gov. Federal Election Commission . Retrieved October 27, 2025.
63. "FEC FORM 2 STATEMENT OF CANDIDACY".
64. Becker, Shannon (June 13, 2025). "NO KINGS is a response to "President Trump's $100 million taxpayer-funded parade and his administration's assault on democracy and working people"". KOAM . Retrieved November 18, 2025. ...and Missi Hesketh (candidate for Congress, MO-07) are coming alongside this largest single-day mobilization since President Trump returned to office.
65. "FEC Form 2 for Report FEC-1849081". docquery.fec.gov. Retrieved October 9, 2025.
66. "FEC FORM 2 STATEMENT OF CANDIDACY FILING FEC-1865833".
67. "2026 Election United States House - Missouri 8th". fec.gov. Federal Election Commission . Retrieved October 27, 2025.
68. "FEC FORM 2 STATEMENT OF CANDIDACY FILING FEC-1895309".
69. "Authorized Committee Filing FEC-1919584". October 14, 2025
70. Rosenbaum, Jason (November 17, 2025). "These Missouri elections could be a Magic 8 Ball for next year's national contests". STLPR . Retrieved November 23, 2025.

External links

Official campaign websites for 1st district candidates

• Wesley Bell (D)
• Cori Bush (D)

Official campaign websites for 2nd district candidates

• Ryan Sheridan (R)
• Chuck Summers (D)
• Nick Vivio (D)
• Ann Wagner (R)
• Fred Wellman (D)

Official campaign websites for 3rd district candidates

• Bethany Mann (D)
• Bob Onder (R)

Official campaign websites for 4th district candidates

• Mark Alford (R)
• Ricky Dana (D)

Official campaign websites for 5th district candidates

• Emanuel Cleaver (D)
• Hartzell Gray (D)
• Jordan Herrera (D)

Official campaign websites for 6th district candidates

• Jim Ingram (R)
• Matt Levine (D)
• Gena Ross (R)
• Josh Smead (D)

Official campaign websites for 7th district candidates

• Eric Burlison (R)
• John Casey (R)
• Missi Hesketh (D)
• Grayson Hunt (R)

Official campaign websites for 8th district candidates

• Clayton Harbison (D)