United States presidential elections in Washington (state)

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Presidential elections in Washington
Washington in United States.svg
Map of the United States with Washington highlighted
Number of elections34
Voted Democratic19
Voted Republican14
Voted other1 [a]
Voted for winning candidate23
Voted for losing candidate11

Washington is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Since its admission to the Union in November 1889, the state has participated in 34 United States presidential elections. [2] [3] It has had twelve electoral votes since 2012, when it gained a tenth congressional district during reapportionment based on the results of the 2010 U.S. census. [4] [5] Washington has conducted its presidential elections through mail-in voting since 2012 for general elections and 2016 for party primaries. [6]

Contents

In the 1892 presidential election, the first since Washington became a state, President Benjamin Harrison received 41.45% of the popular vote and obtained Washington's four electoral votes in his unsuccessful re-election campaign. [7] From 1892 to 2024, the state has voted for 15 Republican or third-party presidential candidates and 19 Democratic presidential candidates; Washington has voted for the losing presidential candidate in 11 elections. [2] Washington generally favored the Republican Party in presidential elections until 1932, reflecting its state and congressional voting patterns. [8] The state was won by Progressive Party presidential nominee Theodore Roosevelt in the 1912 election; Roosevelt, who had been a Republican during his presidency, is the only third party candidate to have won Washington's presidential election. [1] [8]

From 1932 to 1948, Democratic candidates won Washington in landslide victories for the presidency and state offices as a result of the Great Depression and New Deal. [8] [9] Washington was characterized as a swing state for the remainder of the 20th century and voted 21 times for the winning candidate from 1892 to 1996. [1] [8] The state's voters often had split-ticket ballots with candidates from multiple political parties, which was reflected by Democrats and Republicans alternately holding state offices and majorities in the state legislature. [10] Since 1984, no Republican candidate has won a presidential election in Washington; the state's governors have been Democrats since 1980. [2] [11] The state has had five faithless electors in the Electoral College who cast ballots for people other than their pledged candidates; these votes were voided and the electors were fined under the state law at the time. [12] An elector in the 1976 election voted for Ronald Reagan instead of Gerald Ford, who had won the state's nine electoral votes. In the 2016 election, four of the twelve electors from Washington declined to vote for Hillary Clinton; three cast their ballots for former general and Secretary of State Colin Powell and one for Faith Spotted Eagle, an indigenous political activist. [12] [13]

The Cascade Mountains mark the boundary between the western and eastern regions of Washington, which have differences in culture, climate, and politics. [14] [15] Historically, Western Washington has been generally characterized as liberal or progressive, while Eastern Washington has been characterized as conservative. [14] [16] The suburban areas of the Seattle metropolitan area, which contains the majority of the state's population, became a reliably Democratic area in the late 20th century and solidified Washington as a blue state. [15] [17] Washington is among 18 states collectively referred to as the "blue wall", coined in 2009 by journalist Ron Brownstein, due to their strong preference for Democrats. [18] [19]

The state adopted a single-ballot blanket primary system in 1936 to replace earlier party primaries; until 2020, these were non-binding and not used to determine delegates in national party conventions. [6] [20] In 2010, Washington signed the National Popular Vote Interstate Compact, an interstate compact in which signatories award all of their electoral votes to the winner of the federal-level popular vote in a presidential election regardless of the state's vote. [21] As of 2024, the compact has been signed by 17 states and the District of Columbia, but has not reached the threshold of 270 electoral votes to take effect. [22]

Presidential elections

Key for parties
   American Independent Party – (AI)
   Constitution Party – (C)
   Democratic Party – (D)
   Farmer-Labor Party – (FL)
   Green Party – (G)
   Independent candidate – (I)
   Libertarian Party – (LI)
   Libertarian Party – (LI-1932)
   People's Party – (PO)
   Prohibition Party – (PRO)
   Progressive Party (1912) – (PR-1912)
   Progressive Party (1924) – (PR-1924)
   Progressive Party (1948) – (PR-1948)
   Reform Party – (RE)
   Republican Party – (R)
   Socialist Party of America – (S)
   Socialist Labor Party of America – (SLP)
   Union Party – (U)
   We the People Party – (WP)

Note –A double dagger (‡) indicates the national winner.
Note –Percentages may not total 100.0% because of rounding.

Presidential elections in Arizona from 1912 to present
YearWinnerRunner-upThird-placeEVRefs.
CandidateVotes%CandidateVotes%CandidateVotes%
Benjamin Harrison (R)36,460 Grover Cleveland (D)‡29,802 James B. Weaver (PO)19,1654
William Jennings Bryan (D)53,314 William McKinley (R)‡39,153 Joshua Levering (PRO)9684
William McKinley (R)‡57,456 William Jennings Bryan (D)44,833 John Woolley (PRO)2,3634
Theodore Roosevelt (R)‡101,540 Alton B. Parker (D)28,098 Eugene V. Debs (S)10,0235
William Howard Taft (R)‡106,062 William Jennings Bryan (D)58,691 Eugene V. Debs (S)14,1775
Theodore Roosevelt (PR-1912)113,698 Woodrow Wilson (D)‡86,840 William Howard Taft (R)70,4457
Woodrow Wilson (D)‡183,388 Charles Evans Hughes (R)167,208 Allan L. Benson (S)22,8007
Warren G. Harding (R)‡223,137 James M. Cox (D)84,298 Parley P. Christensen (FL)77,2467
Calvin Coolidge (R)‡220,224 Robert M. La Follette (PR-1924)150,727 John W. Davis (D)42,8427
Herbert Hoover (R)‡335,844 Al Smith (D)156,772 Verne L. Reynolds (SLP)4,0687
Franklin D. Roosevelt (D)‡353,260 Herbert Hoover (R)208,645 William Hope Harvey (LI-1932)30,3088
Franklin D. Roosevelt (D)‡459,579 Alf Landon (R)206,892 William Lemke (U)17,4638
Franklin D. Roosevelt (D)‡462,145 Wendell Willkie (R)322,123 Norman Thomas (S)4,5868
Franklin D. Roosevelt (D)‡486,774 Thomas E. Dewey (R)361,689 Norman Thomas (S)3,8248
Harry S. Truman (D)‡476,165 Thomas E. Dewey (R)386,315 Henry A. Wallace (PR-1948)31,6928
Dwight D. Eisenhower (R)‡599,107 Adlai Stevenson (D)492,845 Douglas MacArthur (C)7,2909
Dwight D. Eisenhower (R)‡620,430 Adlai Stevenson (D)523,002 Eric Hass (SLP)7,4579
Richard Nixon (R)629,273 John F. Kennedy (D)‡599,298 Eric Hass (SLP)10,8959
Lyndon B. Johnson (D)‡779,881 Barry Goldwater (R)470,366 Eric Hass (SLP)7,7729
Hubert Humphrey (D)616,037 Richard Nixon (R)‡588,510 George Wallace (AI)96,9909
Richard Nixon (R)‡837,135 George McGovern (D)568,334 John G. Schmitz (AI)58,9069
Gerald Ford (R)777,732 Jimmy Carter (D)‡717,323 Eugene McCarthy (I)36,9868 [b]
Ronald Reagan (R)‡865,244 Jimmy Carter (D)650,193 John B. Anderson (I)185,0739
Ronald Reagan (R)‡1,051,670 Walter Mondale (D)807,352 David Bergland (LI)8,84410
Michael Dukakis (D)933,516 George H. W. Bush (R)‡903,835 Ron Paul (LI)17,24010
Bill Clinton (D)‡993,037 George H. W. Bush (R)731,234 Ross Perot (I)541,78011
Bill Clinton (D)‡1,123,323 Bob Dole (R)840,712 Ross Perot (RE)201,00311
Al Gore (D)1,247,652 George W. Bush (R)‡1,108,864 Ralph Nader (G)103,00211
John Kerry (D)1,510,201 George W. Bush (R)‡1,304,894 Ralph Nader (I)23,28311
Barack Obama (D)‡1,750,848 John McCain (R)1,229,216 Ralph Nader (I)29,48911
Barack Obama (D)‡1,755,396 Mitt Romney (R)1,290,670 Gary Johnson (LI)42,20212
Hillary Clinton (D)1,742,718 Donald Trump (R)‡1,221,747 Gary Johnson (LI)160,8798 [c]
Joe Biden (D)‡2,369,612 Donald Trump (R)1,584,651 Jo Jorgensen (LI)80,50012
Kamala Harris (D)2,245,849 Donald Trump (R)‡1,530,923 Robert F. Kennedy Jr. (withdrawn)(WP)54,86812


See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Won in 1912 by Theodore Roosevelt, who ran as a Progressive Party candidate. [1]
  2. ↑ One faithless elector voted for Ronald Reagan for president and Bob Dole for vice president. [85]
  3. ↑ Clinton earned 12 pledged electoral votes, but lost four to faithless electors. Three electors voted for Colin Powell for president and Elizabeth Warren, Maria Cantwell, and Susan Collins for vice president, while Robert Satiacum Jr. voted for Faith Spotted Eagle for president and Winona LaDuke for vice president. [112]

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References

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  96. ↑ Presidential elections 1997, p. 125.
  97. ↑ "1988 Presidential General Election Results – Washington". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on June 21, 2023. Retrieved June 21, 2023.
  98. ↑ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 797.
  99. ↑ Presidential elections 1997, p. 126.
  100. ↑ "1992 Presidential General Election Results – Washington". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved June 21, 2023.
  101. ↑ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 798.
  102. ↑ Presidential elections 1997, p. 127.
  103. ↑ "1996 Presidential General Election Results – Washington". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on June 21, 2023. Retrieved June 21, 2023.
  104. ↑ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 799.
  105. ↑ "2000 Presidential General Election Results – Washington". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on June 21, 2023. Retrieved June 21, 2023.
  106. ↑ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 800.
  107. ↑ "2004 Presidential General Election Results – Washington". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved June 21, 2023.
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  109. ↑ "2008 Presidential General Election Results – Washington". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on June 21, 2023. Retrieved June 21, 2023.
  110. ↑ "November 06, 2012 General Election Results: President/Vice President". Secretary of State of Washington. November 27, 2012. Archived from the original on April 6, 2023. Retrieved June 21, 2023.
  111. ↑ "2012 Presidential General Election Results – Washington". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved June 21, 2023.
  112. ↑ Gutman, David (May 23, 2019). "4 Washington state electors decided not to vote for Hillary Clinton in 2016. They were fined $1,000, went to court and lost". The Seattle Times. Archived from the original on January 27, 2021. Retrieved June 21, 2023.
  113. ↑ "2016 Presidential General Election Results – Washington". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved June 21, 2023.
  114. ↑ Federal Election Commission (December 2017). "Federal Elections 2016" (PDF). p. 43. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 2, 2019. Retrieved December 8, 2021.
  115. ↑ "2020 Presidential General Election Results – Washington". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on June 21, 2023. Retrieved June 21, 2023.
  116. ↑ "Presidential Election Results: Biden Wins". The New York Times . November 3, 2020. Archived from the original on January 9, 2021. Retrieved November 15, 2020.
  117. ↑ "2024 Presidential General Election Results – Washington". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on June 27, 2024.
  118. ↑ "November 5, 2024 General Election Results: President/Vice President". Secretary of State of Washington. November 26, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2025.

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