1904 United States presidential election in Florida

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1904 United States presidential election in Florida
Flag of Florida (1900-1985).svg
  1900 November 8, 1904 1908  
  AltonBParker.png President Roosevelt - Pach Bros (cropped 3x4).jpg Debs-Eugene-circa1904.jpg
Nominee Alton B. Parker Theodore Roosevelt Eugene V. Debs
Party Democratic Republican Socialist
Home state New York New York Indiana
Running mate Henry G. Davis Charles W. Fairbanks Ben Hanford
Electoral vote500
Popular vote27,0468,3142,337
Percentage68.80%21.15%5.95%

Florida Presidential Election Results 1904.svg
County Results
Parker
  40–50%
  50–60%
  60–70%
  70–80%
  80–90%

The 1904 United States presidential election in Florida was held on November 8, 1904. Voter chose five representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for President and Vice-President.

Contents

With the disenfranchisement of African-Americans by a poll tax in 1889, [1] Florida become a one-party Democratic state, which it was to remain until the 1950s, apart from the anti-Catholic vote against Al Smith in 1928. Unlike southern states extending into the Appalachian Mountains or Ozarks, or Texas with its German settlements in the Edwards Plateau, Florida completely lacked upland or German refugee whites opposed to secession. Thus Florida's Republican Party between 1872 and 1888 was entirely dependent upon black votes, a fact graphically seen when one considers that – although very few blacks in Florida had ever voted within the previous fifty-five years – at the time of the landmark court case of Smith v. Allwright , half of Florida's registered Republicans were still black. [2] Thus disfranchisement of blacks and poor whites left Florida as devoid of Republican adherents as Louisiana, Mississippi or South Carolina. [3]

Nevertheless, Florida's one-party Democratic rule was to be marginally interrupted in the 1900s by considerable Socialist and Populist growth, centered in Tampa and Jacksonville, and southern Lee County with its "Koreshan Unity" sect [4] Immigrants and farmers fearing loss of tenure were able to give Eugene V. Debs, in the second of his five Presidential runs, over ten percent of the vote in several counties of South Florida, and Populist Thomas E. Watson substantial votes in many pineywoods counties. However, this did not threaten the Democrats' monopoly on statewide power except in Calhoun County which Democratic nominee Alton B. Parker held by just two votes and William Jennings Bryan was to lose in 1908.

Florida was won by the Democratic nominees, former Chief Judge of New York Court of Appeals Alton B. Parker and his running mate, former US Senator Henry G. Davis of West Virginia. They defeated the Republican nominees, incumbent President Theodore Roosevelt of New York and his running mate Charles W. Fairbanks of Indiana. Parker won the state by a landslide margin of 47.65%.

Results

1904 United States presidential election in Florida [5]
PartyCandidateVotesPercentageElectoral votes
Democrat Alton B. Parker 27,04668.80%5
Republican Theodore Roosevelt (incumbent)8,31421.15%0
Socialist Eugene V. Debs 2,3375.95%0
People's Thomas E. Watson 1,6054.08%0
Write-ins [lower-alpha 1] 70.02%0
Totals39,302100.00%5

Results by county

CountyAlton Brooks Parker
Democratic
Theodore Roosevelt
Republican
Eugene Victor Debs [6]
Socialist
Thomas E. Watson [6]
People's
MarginTotal votes cast [7]
# %# %# %# %# %
Alachua 1,27766.41%54328.24%583.02%452.34%73438.17%1,923
Baker 20761.06%12035.40%123.54%00.00%8725.66%339
Bradford 63379.32%12415.54%263.26%151.88%50963.78%798
Brevard 55377.78%12517.58%304.22%30.42%42860.20%711
Calhoun 16240.81%16040.30%215.29%5413.60%20.50%397
Citrus 36988.49%215.04%174.08%102.40%34883.45%417
Clay 24776.00%5015.38%268.00%20.62%19760.62%325
Columbia 59560.22%31732.09%333.34%434.35%27828.14%988
Dade 88769.57%30724.08%594.63%221.73%58045.49%1,275
De Soto 72171.32%18818.60%262.57%767.52%53352.72%1,011
Duval 2,01165.65%67121.91%2357.67%1464.77%1,34043.75%3,063
Escambia 1,57372.86%49723.02%663.06%231.07%1,07649.84%2,159
Franklin 33669.28%14429.69%20.41%30.62%19239.59%485
Gadsden 47187.87%5410.07%40.75%71.31%41777.80%536
Hamilton 45571.99%15524.53%60.95%162.53%30047.47%632
Hernando 17285.57%125.97%62.99%115.47%16079.60%201
Hillsborough 1,97662.71%51616.38%44114.00%2186.92%1,46046.33%3,151
Holmes 28460.04%14029.60%163.38%336.98%14430.44%473
Jackson 1,18668.59%35420.47%965.55%935.38%83248.12%1,729
Jefferson 47177.34%12320.20%91.48%60.99%34857.14%609
Lafayette 27563.36%12228.11%204.61%173.92%15335.25%434
Lake 52972.66%14820.33%334.53%182.47%38152.34%728
Lee 26653.96%8417.04%12224.75%214.26%144 [lower-alpha 2] 29.21%493
Leon 64987.82%8411.37%40.54%20.27%56576.45%739
Levy 42669.38%15124.59%203.26%172.77%27544.79%614
Liberty 14371.14%5024.88%31.49%52.49%9346.27%201
Madison 59587.76%669.73%121.77%50.74%52978.02%678
Manatee 59269.24%9110.64%12414.50%485.61%50158.60%855
Marion 1,09175.14%23015.84%694.75%624.27%86159.30%1,452
Monroe 68061.21%28725.83%756.75%696.21%39335.37%1,111
Nassau 50967.33%16121.30%567.41%303.97%34846.03%756
Orange 87470.09%31525.26%423.37%161.28%55944.83%1,247
Osceola 27176.77%6518.41%123.40%51.42%20658.36%353
Pasco 45379.47%9616.84%101.75%111.93%35762.63%570
Polk 86981.44%12511.72%575.34%161.50%74469.73%1,067
Putnam 56269.13%21025.83%161.97%253.08%35243.30%813
St. Johns 55056.76%20421.05%14815.27%676.91%34635.71%969
Santa Rosa 40373.41%7313.30%468.38%274.92%33060.11%549
Sumter 31663.20%6112.20%5511.00%6813.60%248 [lower-alpha 3] 49.60%500
Suwannee 58475.84%12516.23%293.77%324.16%45959.61%770
Taylor 16853.00%11937.54%41.26%268.20%4915.46%317
Volusia 65462.29%26325.05%706.67%636.00%39137.24%1,050
Wakulla 23382.33%3913.78%103.53%10.35%19468.55%283
Walton 35446.89%32242.65%445.83%354.64%324.24%755
Washington 41453.35%20226.03%678.63%9311.98%21227.32%776
Totals27,04668.82%8,31421.15%2,3375.95%1,6054.08%18,73247.66%39,302

See also

Notes

  1. These write-in votes were not listed by county.
  2. In this county where Debs ran second ahead of Roosevelt, margin given is Parker vote minus Debs vote and percentage margin Parker percentage minus Watson percentage.
  3. In this county where Watson ran second ahead of Roosevelt, margin given is Parker vote minus Watson vote and percentage margin Parker percentage minus Watson percentage.

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References

  1. Silbey, Joel H. and Bogue, Allan G.; The History of American Electoral Behavior, p. 210 ISBN   140087114X
  2. See Price, Hugh Douglas; 'The Negro and Florida Politics, 1944-1954'; The Journal of Politics , Vol. 17, No. 2 (May, 1955), pp. 198-220
  3. Phillips, Kevin P.; The Emerging Republican Majority, pp. 208, 210 ISBN   9780691163246
  4. Griffin, R. Steven; ‘Workers of the Sunshine State, Unite! The Florida Socialist Party during the Progressive Era, 1900-1920’ (thesis)
  5. "1904 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's U.S. Election Atlas. Retrieved February 24, 2012.
  6. 1 2 Géoelections; Popular Vote for Eugene V. Debs (1904) (.xlsx file for €15)
  7. Robinson, Edgar Eugene; The Presidential Vote 1896-1932, pp. 156-161 ISBN   9780804716963