1904 United States presidential election in Wisconsin

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1904 United States presidential election in Wisconsin
Flag of Wisconsin (1866-1913).png
  1900 November 8, 1904 1908  
  Theodore Roosevelt by the Pach Bros (cropped 3x4).jpg AltonBParker.png Debs-Eugene-circa1904.jpg
Nominee Theodore Roosevelt Alton B. Parker Eugene V. Debs
Party Republican Democratic Social Democratic
Home state New York New York Indiana
Running mate Charles W. Fairbanks Henry G. Davis Ben Hanford
Electoral vote1300
Popular vote280,164124,10728,220
Percentage63.24%28.01%6.37%

Wisconsin Presidential Election Results 1904.svg
County Results

President before election

Theodore Roosevelt
Republican

Elected President

Theodore Roosevelt
Republican

The 1904 United States presidential election in Wisconsin was held on November 8, 1904, as part of the 1904 United States presidential election. State voters chose 13 electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Contents

Wisconsin during the Third Party System was a Republican-leaning but competitive state whereby historically anti-Civil War German Catholic counties stood opposed to highly pro-war and firmly Republican Yankee areas. [1] However, following the Populist movement, whose inflationary monetary policies were opposed by almost all urban classes and viewed as dangerously radical by rural German Catholics, [2] Wisconsin's upper classes, along with the majority of workers who followed them, completely fled from William Jennings Bryan’s agrarian and free silver sympathies. [3]

Wisconsin would henceforth become almost a one-party polity dominated by the Republican Party. [4] The Democratic Party became entirely uncompetitive outside the previously anti-Yankee areas adjoining Lake Michigan in the eastern part of the state. As Democratic strength weakened severely after 1894 – although the state did develop a strong Socialist Party to provide opposition to the GOP – Wisconsin developed the direct Republican primary in 1903 and this ultimately created competition between the “League” under Robert M. La Follette, and the conservative “Regular” faction. [5]

Neither Republican incumbent Theodore Roosevelt nor Democratic nominee Alton B. Parker would campaign in Wisconsin, as the state had been amongst the most Republican in the nation in the presidential elections in both 1896 and 1900. No official polls were taken in the state, but Frederick W. Cotzhausen, a lifelong Milwaukee Democrat, said during October that the state would vote strongly for Roosevelt. [6]

Wisconsin would vote powerfully for Roosevelt, who defeated Parker more than two-to-one, and beat William McKinley’s 1896 performance by almost four percent. Roosevelt was the first Republican since Abraham Lincoln in 1860 to win Calumet County.

Results

General Election Results [7] [a]
PartyPledged toElectorVotes
Republican Party Theodore RooseveltCharles F. Ilsley280,164 [b]
Republican Party Theodore RooseveltAlbert R. Hall279,870
Republican Party Theodore RooseveltGeorge Beyer279,858
Republican Party Theodore RooseveltJohn I. Sherron279,846
Republican Party Theodore RooseveltJames M. Bushnell279,820
Republican Party Theodore RooseveltFred C. Lorenz279,758
Republican Party Theodore RooseveltFred W. Cords279,722
Republican Party Theodore RooseveltJame H. Cabanis279,712
Republican Party Theodore RooseveltCarl S. Porter279,671
Republican Party Theodore RooseveltHulbert A. Bright279,630
Republican Party Theodore RooseveltEdward McGlachlin279,586
Republican Party Theodore RooseveltMelvin D. Keith279,527
Republican Party Theodore RooseveltEd L. Peet278,690
Democratic Party Alton B. ParkerHarold L. North124,107 [c]
Democratic Party Alton B. ParkerCharles Abresch124,036
Democratic Party Alton B. ParkerPatrick H. Martin123,820
Democratic Party Alton B. ParkerThomas McCarthy123,791
Democratic Party Alton B. ParkerJohn M. Baer123,774
Democratic Party Alton B. ParkerFranz Markus123,766
Democratic Party Alton B. ParkerCarl F. Justman123,744
Democratic Party Alton B. ParkerThomas H. Patterson123,725
Democratic Party Alton B. ParkerStephen Richmond123,707
Democratic Party Alton B. ParkerHenry J. Millmann123,706
Democratic Party Alton B. ParkerHenry Volkmann123,703
Democratic Party Alton B. ParkerGilbert T. Hodges123,694
Democratic Party Alton B. ParkerThomas J. McCloskey123,678
Social Democratic Party [d] Eugene V. DebsA. A. Blunt28,220
Social Democratic Party Eugene V. DebsWilliam Kaufmann28,178
Social Democratic Party Eugene V. DebsEugene H. Rooney28,175
Social Democratic Party Eugene V. DebsWilliam C. Young28,170
Social Democratic Party Eugene V. DebsErnst Schultz28,167
Social Democratic Party Eugene V. DebsEdward Ziegler28,166
Social Democratic Party Eugene V. DebsFred Wilson28,165
Social Democratic Party Eugene V. DebsHerman Hein28,154
Social Democratic Party Eugene V. DebsFrank Weber28,149
Social Democratic Party Eugene V. DebsEdward Scaife28,140
Social Democratic Party Eugene V. DebsJohn J. Handley28,135
Social Democratic Party Eugene V. DebsWilliam Quinn28,124
Social Democratic Party Eugene V. DebsGeorge Gollwitzer28,076
Prohibition Party Silas C. SwallowJasper Dexter9,770
Prohibition Party Silas C. SwallowCharles W. Rose9,760
Prohibition Party Silas C. SwallowFrank R. Derrick9,748
Prohibition Party Silas C. SwallowLafayette Brockway9,741
Prohibition Party Silas C. SwallowHermann H. Rottman9,741
Prohibition Party Silas C. SwallowBenjamin F. Thomas9,741
Prohibition Party Silas C. SwallowJames H. McManus9,740
Prohibition Party Silas C. SwallowWilliam Ager9,739
Prohibition Party Silas C. SwallowJohn Sherman9,735
Prohibition Party Silas C. SwallowWilliam E. Monroe9,733
Prohibition Party Silas C. SwallowEdson Schatto9,731
Prohibition Party Silas C. SwallowGeorge C. Alborn9,727
Prohibition Party Silas C. SwallowElsworth McKenney9,721
People's Party Silas C. SwallowCyrus M. Butt530
People's Party Silas C. SwallowWilliam A. Ramsey511
People's Party Silas C. SwallowSamuel Isaac510
People's Party Silas C. SwallowWilliam Munro509
People's Party Silas C. SwallowFrederick W. Stearns508
People's Party Silas C. SwallowEdward W. Luedtke507
People's Party Silas C. SwallowLouis Elholm506
People's Party Silas C. SwallowOle Swennes505
People's Party Silas C. SwallowJohn Gruhl504
People's Party Silas C. SwallowPeter Haan502
People's Party Silas C. SwallowCharles Hatch500
People's Party Silas C. SwallowMichael Seidel499
People's Party Silas C. SwallowCharles M. Boyles497
Socialist Labor Party [e] Charles H. CorreganTheodore Horn223
Socialist Labor Party Charles H. CorreganCarl Doescher218
Socialist Labor Party Charles H. CorreganCarl Bartsch217
Socialist Labor Party Charles H. CorreganHerman Beyer217
Socialist Labor Party Charles H. CorreganWilliam Pietsch215
Socialist Labor Party Charles H. CorreganCarl Schulz215
Socialist Labor Party Charles H. CorreganCarl Slabey215
Socialist Labor Party Charles H. CorreganJoseph Pietsch214
Socialist Labor Party Charles H. CorreganPaul Unruh214
Socialist Labor Party Charles H. CorreganErnest Wegner214
Socialist Labor Party Charles H. CorreganRudolph Kler212
Socialist Labor Party Charles H. CorreganNicholas Semmelback212
Votes cast [f] 443,014

Results by county

County [7] Theodore Roosevelt
Republican
Alton B. Parker
Democratic
Eugene V. Debs
Socialist
Silas C. Swallow
Prohibition
Thomas E. Watson
Populist
Joseph F. Maloney
Socialist Labor
MarginTotal votes cast [g]
# %# %# %# %# %# %# %
Adams 1,39980.08%27115.51%291.66%472.69%10.06%00.00%1,12864.57%1,747
Ashland 3,40671.30%1,01621.27%2354.92%1162.43%20.04%20.04%2,39050.03%4,777
Barron 3,57578.33%62513.69%1032.26%2425.30%90.20%100.22%2,95064.64%4,564
Bayfield 2,66585.31%34511.04%321.02%772.46%00.00%50.16%2,32074.26%3,124
Brown 6,02766.09%2,63628.91%3293.61%1081.18%70.08%120.13%3,39137.19%9,119
Buffalo 2,14768.35%91129.00%100.32%642.04%90.29%00.00%1,23639.35%3,141
Burnett 1,26288.13%825.73%312.16%543.77%10.07%20.14%1,18082.40%1,432
Calumet 1,73655.04%1,25739.85%1163.68%361.14%90.29%00.00%47915.19%3,154
Chippewa 3,74466.51%1,66929.65%591.05%1412.50%110.20%50.09%2,07536.86%5,629
Clark 4,09175.69%1,05019.43%791.46%1833.39%10.02%10.02%3,04156.26%5,405
Columbia 4,73767.59%1,90727.21%1582.25%2042.91%20.03%00.00%2,83040.38%7,008
Crawford 2,28161.12%1,36336.52%310.83%571.53%00.00%00.00%91824.60%3,732
Dane 11,04163.77%5,61032.40%2421.40%4172.41%30.02%00.00%5,43131.37%17,313
Dodge 4,24844.51%5,09253.35%670.70%1331.39%40.04%00.00%-844-8.84%9,544
Door 2,68981.21%51515.55%331.00%722.17%20.06%00.00%2,17465.66%3,311
Douglas 4,56473.05%96815.49%5498.79%1302.08%80.13%290.46%3,59657.55%6,248
Dunn 3,30381.27%54613.44%832.04%1233.03%70.17%20.05%2,75767.84%4,064
Eau Claire 4,34373.20%1,22420.63%1963.30%1552.61%100.17%50.08%3,11952.57%5,933
Florence 56285.54%8212.48%50.76%81.22%00.00%00.00%48073.06%657
Fond du Lac 7,02159.57%4,41637.47%1491.26%1781.51%210.18%10.01%2,60522.10%11,786
Forest 98882.68%15913.31%231.92%231.92%20.17%00.00%82969.37%1,195
Gates 1,41581.70%24514.15%231.33%472.71%10.06%10.06%1,17067.55%1,732
Grant 5,80264.50%2,88832.11%770.86%2192.43%80.09%10.01%2,91432.40%8,995
Green 2,99062.11%1,46030.33%1392.89%2194.55%50.10%10.02%1,53031.78%4,814
Green Lake 2,18160.90%1,26935.44%431.20%842.35%30.08%10.03%91225.47%3,581
Iowa 3,32864.58%1,64031.83%210.41%1623.14%20.04%00.00%1,68832.76%5,153
Iron 1,25081.17%24615.97%161.04%251.62%20.13%10.06%1,00465.19%1,540
Jackson 2,74682.22%47914.34%260.78%892.66%00.00%00.00%2,26767.87%3,340
Jefferson 3,66947.78%3,76449.02%961.25%1471.91%20.03%10.01%-95-1.24%7,679
Juneau 3,23470.15%1,24326.96%420.91%781.69%110.24%20.04%1,99143.19%4,610
Kenosha 3,30760.96%1,59229.35%4408.11%771.42%50.09%40.07%1,71531.61%5,425
Kewaunee 1,57849.76%1,45545.88%993.12%361.14%30.09%00.00%1233.88%3,171
La Crosse 5,50661.82%3,08634.65%1151.29%1892.12%70.08%30.03%2,42027.17%8,906
Lafayette 2,87558.28%1,92138.94%280.57%1062.15%10.02%20.04%95419.34%4,933
Langlade 2,10365.72%1,01831.81%300.94%461.44%20.06%10.03%1,08533.91%3,200
Lincoln 2,85070.49%1,00424.83%1062.62%691.71%130.32%10.02%1,84645.66%4,043
Manitowoc 4,62653.31%3,27137.69%6877.92%931.07%10.01%00.00%1,35515.61%8,678
Marathon 6,14463.11%3,24533.33%1781.83%1581.62%30.03%70.07%2,89929.78%9,735
Marinette 3,97777.30%81615.86%1953.79%1442.80%110.21%20.04%3,16161.44%5,145
Marquette 1,60465.68%74730.59%90.37%813.32%10.04%00.00%85735.09%2,442
Milwaukee 32,58746.22%18,54726.31%18,33926.01%9351.33%300.04%610.09%14,04019.92%70,499
Monroe 3,89266.78%1,74930.01%350.60%1452.49%70.12%00.00%2,14336.77%5,828
Oconto 3,27973.95%1,01722.94%621.40%681.53%50.11%30.07%2,26251.01%4,434
Oneida 1,71075.66%37316.50%1305.75%441.95%10.04%20.09%1,33759.16%2,260
Outagamie 5,95163.72%3,13833.60%1131.21%1331.42%20.02%20.02%2,81330.12%9,339
Ozaukee 1,49247.67%1,49447.73%1113.55%260.83%60.19%10.03%-2-0.06%3,130
Pepin 1,03374.16%32723.47%30.22%292.08%00.00%10.07%70650.68%1,393
Pierce 3,49282.32%59414.00%240.57%1293.04%30.07%00.00%2,89868.32%4,242
Polk 2,98585.55%2968.48%982.81%1012.89%20.06%70.20%2,68977.07%3,489
Portage 3,63461.10%2,16836.45%440.74%1011.70%10.02%00.00%1,46624.65%5,948
Price 2,20280.25%39914.54%712.59%702.55%20.07%00.00%1,80365.71%2,744
Racine 5,57355.62%2,58425.79%1,45314.50%2572.57%1471.47%50.05%2,98929.83%10,019
Richland 2,69661.52%1,34030.58%481.10%2956.73%30.07%00.00%1,35630.94%4,382
Rock 7,97271.69%2,35021.13%4584.12%3162.84%220.20%20.02%5,62250.56%11,120
Sauk 4,80567.55%1,91426.91%520.73%3424.81%00.00%00.00%2,89140.64%7,113
Sawyer 78275.05%20419.58%131.25%292.78%131.25%10.10%57855.47%1,042
Shawano 3,68472.61%1,23724.38%240.47%1182.33%100.20%10.02%2,44748.23%5,074
Sheboygan 6,12157.19%3,43032.05%9018.42%1981.85%330.31%190.18%2,69125.14%10,702
St. Croix 3,89868.35%1,56927.51%1081.89%1162.03%100.18%20.04%2,32940.84%5,703
Taylor 1,72568.10%71928.39%441.74%421.66%20.08%10.04%1,00639.72%2,533
Trempealeau 3,56075.63%97620.74%100.21%1563.31%50.11%00.00%2,58454.90%4,707
Vernon 4,74482.42%75813.17%280.49%2203.82%60.10%00.00%3,98669.25%5,756
Vilas 1,46779.17%32117.32%392.10%251.35%00.00%10.05%1,14661.85%1,853
Walworth 4,89273.33%1,37820.66%1352.02%2633.94%30.04%00.00%3,51452.68%6,671
Washburn 98977.51%20716.22%483.76%312.43%00.00%10.08%78261.29%1,276
Washington 2,56552.10%2,23345.36%681.38%551.12%20.04%00.00%3326.74%4,923
Waukesha 5,24762.68%2,68632.09%2312.76%2052.45%10.01%10.01%2,56130.59%8,371
Waupaca 5,47181.45%94114.01%701.04%2333.47%20.03%00.00%4,53067.44%6,717
Waushara 3,14087.59%3198.90%250.70%962.68%30.08%20.06%2,82178.69%3,585
Winnebago 7,56562.19%4,00632.93%3112.56%2592.13%150.12%80.07%3,55929.26%12,164
Wood 4,00267.02%1,67428.04%1953.27%961.61%40.07%00.00%2,32838.99%5,971
Total280,164 [h] 63.24%124,107 [i] 28.01%28,2206.37%9,7702.21%5300.12%2230.05%156,05735.23%443,014

Counties that flipped from Democratic to Republican

See also

Notes

  1. The 1905 Blue Book gives the totals as Roosevelt 285,315; Parker 124,205; Debs 28,240; Swallow 9,872; Watson 560; Corregan 249. Based on the Board of Canvassers report, these totals are simply incorrect; no elector on any ticket received those numbers of votes. Indeed, the Blue Book is an unreliable source for Wisconsin election data from about 1890 to 1920 and its figures frequently differ from the figures listed in the Board of Canvassers reports.
  2. The county figures add up to 280,169
  3. The county figures add up to 124,081
  4. In Wisconsin, the Socialist Party was still referred to as the Social Democratic Party in 1904
  5. The Socialist Labor Party ran only 12 electors on its Wisconsin ticket
  6. Based on totals for highest elector on each ticket
  7. Based on highest elector on each ticket
  8. The county figures add up to 280,169
  9. The county figures add up to 124,081

References

  1. Phillips, Kevin P.; The Emerging Republican Majority, pp. 381-382, 414 ISBN   978-0-691-16324-6
  2. Phillips; The Emerging Republican Majority, p. 384
  3. Sundquist, James; Politics and Policy: The Eisenhower, Kennedy, and Johnson Years, p. 526 ISBN   0815719094
  4. Burnham, Walter Dean; 'The System of 1896: An Analysis'; in The Evolution of American Electoral Systems, pp. 178-179 ISBN   0313213798
  5. Hansen, John Mark; Shigeo Hirano, and Snyder, James M. Jr.; ‘Parties within Parties: Parties, Factions, and Coordinated Politics, 1900-1980’; in Gerber, Alan S. and Schickler, Eric; Governing in a Polarized Age: Elections, Parties, and Political Representation in America, pp. 165-168 ISBN   978-1-107-09509-0
  6. ‘Will Vote for Roosevelt’; Appleton Post , October 20, 1904, p. 4
  7. 1 2 Wisconsin Historical Society, Tabular Statement of votes given for President and Vice President of the United States at the general election held in the several towns, wards, villages, and election districts in the several counties of the State of Wisconsin, on the Tuesday next succeeding the first Monday, being the eighth day of November A.D. 1904