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2022 Florida Amendment 3 was a proposed amendment to the Florida Constitution, which failed on November 8, 2022. Through a statewide referendum, the amendment achieved only 58.7% support among voters in the U.S. state of Florida, short of the 60% majority required by state law, [1] although higher than the 2006 amendment which created the 60% requirement.
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The amendment proposed an increase to the state's homestead tax exemption for specific groups including "teachers, police officers, correctional officers, firefighters, emergency-medical technicians, paramedics, child-welfare services professionals, and active-duty members of the military and Florida National Guard." [2] The Tallahassee Democrat cited "severe teacher and prison-security shortages" as factors contributing to the proposal of the referendum. [3]
The amendment was sponsored by Josie Tomkow, a Republican state legislator representing Polk City. One state legislator, Democrat Bobby Powell of West Palm Beach, opposed the amendment, along with the Florida League of Women Voters, the Palm Beach Post , and the Tampa Bay Times . [2]
Despite the amendment's failure to win 60% of the vote, it received majority support in all but two counties, and received more than 60% support in many of the state's most populous counties, including Osceola County, Broward County, Palm Beach County, and Escambia County. There was little correlation between county partisanship and levels of support for the amendment. [1]
The Florida Legislature is the legislature of the U.S. state of Florida. It is organized as a bicameral body composed of an upper chamber, the Senate, and a lower chamber, the House of Representatives. Article III, Section 1 of the Florida Constitution, adopted in 1968, defines the role of the legislature and how it is to be constituted. The legislature is composed of 160 state legislators. The primary purpose of the legislature is to enact new laws and amend or repeal existing laws. It meets in the Florida State Capitol building in Tallahassee.
A supermajority is a requirement for a proposal to gain a specified level of support which is greater than the threshold of one-half used for a simple majority. Supermajority rules in a democracy can help to prevent a majority from eroding fundamental rights of a minority, but can also hamper efforts to respond to problems and encourage corrupt compromises at times when action is taken. Changes to constitutions, especially those with entrenched clauses, commonly require supermajority support in a legislature. Parliamentary procedure requires that any action of a deliberative assembly that may alter the rights of a minority have a supermajority requirement, such as a two-thirds vote. In consensus democracy the supermajority rule is applied in most cases.
Reubin O'Donovan Askew was an American politician, who served as the 37th governor of Florida from 1971 to 1979. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as the 7th U.S. trade representative from 1979 to 1980 under President Jimmy Carter. He led on tax reform, civil rights, and financial transparency for public officials, maintaining an outstanding reputation for personal integrity.
In California, a ballot proposition is a referendum or an initiative measure that is submitted to the electorate for a direct decision or direct vote. If passed, it can alter one or more of the articles of the Constitution of California, one or more of the 29 California Codes, or another law in the California Statutes by clarifying current or adding statute(s) or removing current statute(s).
The 2006 Florida gubernatorial election took place on November 7, 2006. Incumbent Republican Governor Jeb Bush was term-limited, and could not run for reelection to a third consecutive term. The election was won by then-Republican Charlie Crist, the state's Attorney General. The election was notable in that for the first time, the state elected a Republican governor in three consecutive elections.
The Constitution of the State of Florida is the document that establishes and describes the powers, duties, structure, and function of the government of the U.S. state of Florida, and establishes the basic law of the state. The current Constitution of Florida was ratified on November 5, 1968.
The homestead exemption in Florida may refer to three different types of homestead exemptions under Florida law:
Florida held various statewide elections on November 7, 2006.
Kelly Skidmore is a politician who serves as a member of the Florida House of Representatives. She represented the 90th District, from 2006 to 2008. A Democrat, she ran unsuccessfully for the Florida Senate in 2010 and again for the Florida House in 2016. In 2024 she ran unopposed as the incumbent. She represents the Boca Raton area.
Ralph H. Haben, Jr. is an American attorney, lobbyist, and politician who served as the Speaker of the Florida House of Representatives from 1980 to 1982. Haben graduated from the University of Florida in 1964 and Cumberland School of Law in 1967, and began working as a government prosecutor, first for the city of Palmetto, Florida, and then for the Twelfth Judicial Circuit Court of Florida. He eventually became a judge before running for the Florida House of Representatives in 1972. In the House, he served on numerous committees, including the Criminal Justice Committee, and eventually became Speaker. He left the legislature to run for Florida Comptroller in 1982, but lost the only election in his electoral history. He briefly considered a run for Governor of Florida, but decided instead to become a lobbyist for many large interests in the state legislature.
The 2022 Florida gubernatorial election was held on November 8, 2022, to elect the governor of Florida, alongside other state and local elections. Incumbent Republican governor Ron DeSantis won re-election in a landslide, and defeated the Democratic Party nominee, Charlie Crist, who served as governor of Florida from 2007 to 2011 as a Republican and later as an independent. No Democrat has been elected governor of Florida since 1994.
A general election was held on Tuesday, November 8, 2022, to elect candidates throughout Florida, as part of the 2022 midterm elections. The results of the elections showed strong Republican Party outcomes, as every statewide Republican candidate won in a landslide. The Florida Republican Party also expanded its majority in the state legislature and won 20 out of Florida's 28 U.S. House seats.
2022 Florida Amendment 1 was a proposed amendment to the Florida Constitution, which failed on November 8, 2022. Through a statewide referendum, the amendment achieved only 57.26% support among voters in the U.S. state of Florida, short of the 60% majority required by state law, although only slightly lower than the 2006 vote which implemented the 60% requirement. Had the amendment passed, it would have granted state lawmakers the power to change property tax rules regarding flood resistance.
2020 Florida Amendment 5, commonly known as the Extend "Save Our Homes" Portability Period Amendment, was a proposed amendment to the Constitution of Florida that passed 74.49% to 25.51% in the 2020 election on November 3, 2020. The amendment increased the period during which a person may transfer "Save Our Homes" benefits to a new homestead property from two years to three years.
Florida Amendment 3 was a proposed constitutional amendment to the Florida Constitution subject to a direct voter referendum on November 5, 2024, that would have legalized cannabis for possession, purchase, and recreational use in Florida for adults 21 years or older. The amendment achieved a majority 56% support among voters in the U.S. state of Florida but failed to reach the 60% supermajority required for adoption.
2022 Florida Amendment 2 was a proposed amendment to the Florida Constitution, which failed on November 8, 2022. Through a statewide referendum, the amendment achieved only 53.87% support among voters in the U.S. state of Florida, short of the 60% majority required by state law.
2020 Florida Amendment 6 was a proposed amendment to the Constitution of Florida that passed in the 2020 election on November 3, 2020.
The 2023 Texas elections were held on November 7, 2023.
The 2023 Texas constitutional amendment election took place on November 7, 2023. Texas voters statewide voted on 14 proposed amendments to the Texas Constitution all of which would pass except for proposition 13, which would have increased the mandatory retirement age for state justices and judges had it passed.
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