1914 in Scotland

Centuries:	18th ; 19th ; 20th ; 21st ;
Decades:	1890s ; 1900s ; 1910s ; 1920s ; 1930s ;
See also:	List of years in Scotland ; Timeline of Scottish history ; 1914 in: The UK • Wales • Elsewhere ; Scottish football: 1913–14 • 1914–15

Last updated December 21, 2024

Incumbents

Secretary for Scotland and Keeper of the Great Seal – Thomas McKinnon Wood

Law officers

Judiciary

Events

21 February – Militant suffragette Ethel Moorhead, imprisoned in Calton Jail, Edinburgh, for attempted fire-raising, becomes the first in Scotland to suffer force-feeding while on hunger strike; four days later she is released on health grounds.^[1]
14 April – A collision at Burntisland railway station between an express and a shunting goods train following a signalman's error kills two locomotive crew and injures twelve passengers.^[2]
2 May – Glasgow newspaper The Saturday Post, a predecessor of The Sunday Post , changes its title to The Sporting Post.
18 June – A railway bridge collapse at Carrbridge following a torrential thunderstorm kills five people.
July – Militant suffragette Fanny Parker is arrested while attempting (probably with Ethel Moorhead) to set fire to Burns Cottage, Alloway.^[3]
3 July – Govanhill Baths in Glasgow inaugurated.^[4]
4 July – A memorial is unveiled at Hawick to the Battle of Hornshole (1514).^[1]
10 July – A royal visit to Scotland is interrupted by suffragettes: one attempts to reach the King and Queen's carriage at Dundee;^[5] and Rhoda Fleming leaps onto the footboard of the royal car at Perth; police protect her from an angry crowd.^[1]
26 July – Bachelor's Walk massacre: Troops of the King's Own Scottish Borderers fire on a crowd of nationalist protestors at Bachelors Walk, Dublin, killing three; a fourth man dies later from bayonet wounds and more than 30 others are injured.^[6]
30 July – Norwegian aviator Tryggve Gran makes the first crossing of the North Sea by aeroplane, flying from Cruden Bay to Jæren in Norway in the Blériot XI monoplane Ca Flotte.
August – The British Royal Navy's Grand Fleet is formed in Scapa Flow.
4 August – World War I: Declaration of war by the United Kingdom on the German Empire.^[7]
9 August – World War I: Light cruiser HMS Birmingham (1913) rams and sinks Imperial German Navy submarine U-15 off Fair Isle, the first U-boat claimed by the Royal Navy.^[7]
28 August – 28 September – World War I: German spy Carl Hans Lody is operating from Edinburgh.
September – World War I
- Revolutionary socialist teacher John Maclean holds his first anti-war rally, on Glasgow Green.
- Rumours spread that Russian troops, landed on the east coast of Scotland, have passed on trains through Britain en route to the Western Front.
5 September – World War I: Scout cruiser HMS Pathfinder (1904) is sunk by German submarine U-21 in the Firth of Forth with loss of all but nine of her crew,^[8] the first ship ever to be sunk by a locomotive torpedo fired from a submarine.
8 September – Armed merchant cruiser HMS Oceanic runs aground on the Shaalds o' Foula and is lost.
14 September – World War I: Scottish soldiers William Henry Johnston, Ross Tollerton and George Wilson are awarded the Victoria Cross in separate actions on the Western Front.
26 September – World War I: the 15th (Scottish) Infantry Division, newly formed as part of Kitchener's Army, first parades as a unit.^[9]
15 October – World War I: Protected cruiser HMS Hawke (1891) is torpedoed by German submarine U-9 off Aberdeen, sinking in under ten minutes with the loss of 524 crew and only seventy survivors.^[10]
16/17 October – World War I: Scare of submarine attack in Scapa Flow causes the Grand Fleet to disperse while the anchorage is secured.^[10]
22 October – World War I: Glaswegian Private Henry May, a regular soldier with 1st Battalion, The Cameronians (Scottish Rifles) at La Boutillerie, is awarded the Victoria Cross for rescuing wounded comrades.^[11]
3 November – Trawler Ivanhoe, requisitioned as an armed patrol vessel, strikes the Black Rock near Leith while minelaying and sinks.^[8]
23 November – World War I: German submarine U-18 is intercepted and forced to scuttle while attempting to enter Scapa Flow.
25 November – World War I: sixteen Heart of Midlothian F.C. players enlist en masse – seven will die in action before the war ends.
St Andrew's Cathedral, Aberdeen, raised to the status of cathedral within the Episcopal Church.
A. & R. Scott introduce the brand name Scott's Porage Oats.^[12]

Births

1 January – Alexander Reid, playwright (died 1982)
13 March – Kay Tremblay, film actress, living in Canada (died 2005 in Stratford, Ontario)
26 May – Archie Duncan, actor (died 1979)
14 June – Alexander Buchanan Campbell, architect (died 2007)
14 June – Ruthven Todd, poet, artist and novelist (died October 1978 in Spain)
25 June – Matthew McDiarmid, literary scholar, essayist, campaigning academic and poet (died 1996)
15 July – Gavin Maxwell, naturalist and writer (died 1969)
4 November – Duncan Macrae, international rugby union player (died 2007)
20 December – Robert Colquhoun, painter, printmaker and theatre set designer (died 1962 in London)
29 December – Tom Weir, climber, naturalist and broadcaster (died 2006)^[13]
Richard Scott, general practitioner and academic (died 1983)
Ann Scott-Moncrieff, author (died 1943)

Deaths

1 March – Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto, soldier and colonial administrator (born 1845 in London)
16 March – Sir John Murray, oceanographer, marine biologist and limnologist (born 1841 in Canada)
31 March – William Henry Oliphant Smeaton, writer, journalist, editor, historian and educator (born in 1856)
26 June – Edward Calvert, domestic architect (born 1847 in Brentford)
30 September – Sir Henry Littlejohn, forensic surgeon (born 1826)
21 October – James William Cleland, Liberal Party MP for Glasgow Bridgeton (1906–10) (born 1874)
19 December – William Bruce, soldier, posthumous recipient of the Victoria Cross (born 1890; killed in action near Givenchy)
25 December – Donald MacKinnon, Celtic scholar (born in 1839)

The arts

16 March – the Usher Hall opens in Edinburgh as a concert hall.
John MacDougall Hay's novel Gillespie is published.
Bandmaster Frederick J. Ricketts ('Kenneth J. Alford') composes the "Colonel Bogey March" while serving with the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders at Fort George.

Related Research Articles

HMS Hampshire was one of six Devonshire-class armoured cruisers built for the Royal Navy in the first decade of the 20th century. She was assigned to the 1st Cruiser Squadron of the Channel Fleet upon completion. After a refit, she was assigned to the reserve Third Fleet in 1909 before going to the Mediterranean Fleet in 1911. She was transferred to the China Station in 1912 and remained there until the start of the First World War in August 1914.

Scapa Flow is a body of water in the Orkney Islands, Scotland, sheltered by the islands of Mainland, Graemsay, Burray, South Ronaldsay and Hoy. Its sheltered waters have played an important role in travel, trade and conflict throughout the centuries. Vikings anchored their longships in Scapa Flow more than a thousand years ago. It was the United Kingdom's chief naval base during the First and Second World wars, but the facility was closed in 1956.

HMS Royal Oak was one of five Revenge-class battleships built for the Royal Navy during the First World War. Completed in 1916, the ship first saw combat at the Battle of Jutland as part of the Grand Fleet. In peacetime, she served in the Atlantic, Home and Mediterranean fleets, more than once coming under accidental attack. Royal Oak drew worldwide attention in 1928 when her senior officers were controversially court-martialled, an event that brought considerable embarrassment to what was then the world's largest navy. Attempts to modernise Royal Oak throughout her 25-year career could not fix her fundamental lack of speed and, by the start of the Second World War, she was no longer suitable for front-line duty.

The Grand Fleet was the main battlefleet of the Royal Navy during the First World War. It was established in August 1914 and disbanded in April 1919. Its main base was Scapa Flow in the Orkney Islands.

The Home Fleet was a fleet of the Royal Navy that operated from the United Kingdom's territorial waters from 1902 with intervals until 1967. In 1967, it was merged with the Mediterranean Fleet creating the new Western Fleet.

HMS G9 was a G-class submarine, one of eight Royal Navy submarines known to have been lost to friendly fire in World War I.

HMS Opal was an Admiralty M-class destroyer of the Royal Navy. She served in the First World War following her construction at Sunderland in 1915. Attached to the 12th Destroyer Flotilla based with the Grand Fleet at Scapa Flow, Opal had an eventful short life, which ended in shipwreck after two and a half years of service.

Events from the year 1915 in the United Kingdom. The year was dominated by the First World War, which broke out in the August of the previous year.

Events from the year 1918 in the United Kingdom. This year sees the end of the First World War after four years, which Britain and its allies won, and a major advance in women's suffrage.

Events from the year 1914 in the United Kingdom. This year saw the start of the First World War, ending the Edwardian era.

The Action of 22 September 1914 was an attack by the German U-boat U-9 that took place during the First World War. Three obsolete Royal Navy cruisers of the 7th Cruiser Squadron manned mainly by Royal Naval Reserve part-timers and sometimes referred to as the Live Bait Squadron, were sunk by U-9 while patrolling the southern North Sea.

HMS Owl was an Acasta-class destroyer of the Royal Navy, launched in 1913. The destroyer was part of the Grand Fleet during the First World War and took part in the Battle of Jutland. Owl survived the war and was sold for scrap in 1921.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Atlantic U-boat campaign of World War I</span> Prolonged naval conflict between German submarines and the Allied navies during WWI

The Atlantic U-boat campaign of World War I was the prolonged naval conflict between German submarines and the Allied navies in Atlantic waters—the seas around the British Isles, the North Sea and the coast of France.

Events from the year 1939 in Scotland.

Events from the year 1918 in Scotland.

Events from the year 1917 in Scotland.

Events from the year 1915 in Scotland.

The second HMS Wivern, was a Modified W-class destroyer of the British Royal Navy that saw service in World War II.

HMS Gentian was an Arabis-class sloop that was sent to assist the Baltic States and their fight for independence. While clearing mines on 15 or 16 July 1919, according to different sources, Gentian and the sloop HMS Myrtle both hit mines and sank with the loss of nine sailors.

References

1 2 3 "Notable Dates in History - From the Scottish Reform Bill (1832) to the outbreak of the First World War (1914)". The Flag in the Wind. The Scots Independent. Archived from the original on 5 December 2014. Retrieved 11 July 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
↑ Hoole, Ken (1983). Trains in Trouble. Vol. 4. Redruth: Atlantic Books. p. 30. ISBN 0 906899 07 9.
↑ Leneman, Leah (2004). "Parker, Frances Mary (1875–1924)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/63882 . Retrieved 11 July 2014.(subscription or UK public library membership required)
↑ "Timeline". Govanhill Baths Community Trust. Archived from the original on 1 January 2015. Retrieved 26 November 2014.
↑ "The Royal Tour In Scotland: Loyal Welcome At Dundee; Suffragist Insults". The Times . No. 40573. London. 11 July 1914. p. 5.
↑ Connolly, S. J., ed. (2007). Oxford Companion to Irish History (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-923483-7.
1 2 Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
1 2 "Notable Dates in History - From the First World War (1914) to the reconvening of the Scottish Parliament (1999)". The Flag in the Wind. The Scots Independent. Archived from the original on 23 May 2014. Retrieved 11 July 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
↑ "The 15th (Scottish) Division in 1914-1918". The Long, Long Trail. Retrieved 30 May 2014.
1 2 "Royal Navy in World War I". History Hub Ulster. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
↑ "No. 29135". The London Gazette (Supplement). 16 April 1915. p. 3815.
↑ Baren, Maurice (2000). How It All Began in the Pantry. London: Michael O'Mara. p. 109. ISBN 978-1-85479-448-2.
↑ "Tom Weir: Biography on Undiscovered Scotland". www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk. Retrieved 24 February 2018.

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[Dates_to_1914-1] 1 2 3 "Notable Dates in History - From the Scottish Reform Bill (1832) to the outbreak of the First World War (1914)". The Flag in the Wind. The Scots Independent. Archived from the original on 5 December 2014. Retrieved 11 July 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)

[2] Hoole, Ken (1983). Trains in Trouble. Vol. 4. Redruth: Atlantic Books. p. 30. ISBN 0 906899 07 9.

[3] Leneman, Leah (2004). "Parker, Frances Mary (1875–1924)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/63882 . Retrieved 11 July 2014.(subscription or UK public library membership required)

[4] "Timeline". Govanhill Baths Community Trust. Archived from the original on 1 January 2015. Retrieved 26 November 2014.

[5] "The Royal Tour In Scotland: Loyal Welcome At Dundee; Suffragist Insults". The Times . No. 40573. London. 11 July 1914. p. 5.

[6] Connolly, S. J., ed. (2007). Oxford Companion to Irish History (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-923483-7.

[Pocket_On_This_Day-7] 1 2 Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.

[Dates_from_1914-8] 1 2 "Notable Dates in History - From the First World War (1914) to the reconvening of the Scottish Parliament (1999)". The Flag in the Wind. The Scots Independent. Archived from the original on 23 May 2014. Retrieved 11 July 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)

[9] "The 15th (Scottish) Division in 1914-1918". The Long, Long Trail. Retrieved 30 May 2014.

[HHU-10] 1 2 "Royal Navy in World War I". History Hub Ulster. Retrieved 23 June 2015.

[11] "No. 29135". The London Gazette (Supplement). 16 April 1915. p. 3815.

[12] Baren, Maurice (2000). How It All Began in the Pantry. London: Michael O'Mara. p. 109. ISBN 978-1-85479-448-2.

[13] "Tom Weir: Biography on Undiscovered Scotland". www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk. Retrieved 24 February 2018.

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v t e Years in Scotland (843–present)
11th century	1001 1002 1003 1004 1005 1006 1007 1008 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1020 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1026 1027 1028 1029 1030 1031 1032 1033 1034 1035 1036 1037 1038 1039 1040 1041 1042 1043 1044 1045 1046 1047 1048 1049 1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 1060 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100
12th century	1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1110 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1120 1121 1122 1123 1124 1125 1126 1127 1128 1129 1130 1131 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140 1141 1142 1143 1144 1145 1146 1147 1148 1149 1150 1151 1152 1153 1154 1155 1156 1157 1158 1159 1160 1161 1162 1163 1164 1165 1166 1167 1168 1169 1170 1171 1172 1173 1174 1175 1176 1177 1178 1179 1180 1181 1182 1183 1184 1185 1186 1187 1188 1189 1190 1191 1192 1193 1194 1195 1196 1197 1198 1199 1200
13th century	1200s 1210s 1220s 1230s 1240s 1250s 1260s 1270s 1280s 1290s
14th century	1301 1302 1303 1304 1305 1306 1307 1308 1309 1310 1311 1312 1313 1314 1315 1316 1317 1318 1319 1320 1321 1322 1323 1324 1325 1326 1327 1328 1329 1330 1331 1332 1333 1334 1335 1336 1337 1338 1339 1340 1341 1342 1343 1344 1345 1346 1347 1348 1349 1350 1351 1352 1353 1354 1355 1356 1357 1358 1359 1360 1361 1362 1363 1364 1365 1366 1367 1368 1369 1370 1371 1372 1373 1374 1375 1376 1377 1378 1379 1380 1381 1382 1383 1384 1385 1386 1387 1388 1389 1390 1391 1392 1393 1394 1395 1396 1397 1398 1399 1400
15th century	1401 1402 1403 1404 1405 1406 1407 1408 1409 1410 1411 1412 1413 1414 1415 1416 1417 1418 1419 1420 1421 1422 1423 1424 1425 1426 1427 1428 1429 1430 1431 1432 1433 1434 1435 1436 1437 1438 1439 1440 1441 1442 1443 1444 1445 1446 1447 1448 1449 1450 1451 1452 1453 1454 1455 1456 1457 1458 1459 1460 1461 1462 1463 1464 1465 1466 1467 1468 1469 1470 1471 1472 1473 1474 1475 1476 1477 1478 1479 1480 1481 1482 1483 1484 1485 1486 1487 1488 1489 1490 1491 1492 1493 1494 1495 1496 1497 1498 1499 1500
16th century	1501 1502 1503 1504 1505 1506 1507 1508 1509 1510 1511 1512 1513 1514 1515 1516 1517 1518 1519 1520 1521 1522 1523 1524 1525 1526 1527 1528 1529 1530 1531 1532 1533 1534 1535 1536 1537 1538 1539 1540 1541 1542 1543 1544 1545 1546 1547 1548 1549 1550 1551 1552 1553 1554 1555 1556 1557 1558 1559 1560 1561 1562 1563 1564 1565 1566 1567 1568 1569 1570 1571 1572 1573 1574 1575 1576 1577 1578 1579 1580 1581 1582 1583 1584 1585 1586 1587 1588 1589 1590 1591 1592 1593 1594 1595 1596 1597 1598 1599 1600
17th century	1601 1602 1603 1604 1605 1606 1607 1608 1609 1610 1611 1612 1613 1614 1615 1616 1617 1618 1619 1620 1621 1622 1623 1624 1625 1626 1627 1628 1629 1630 1631 1632 1633 1634 1635 1636 1637 1638 1639 1640 1641 1642 1643 1644 1645 1646 1647 1648 1649 1650 1651 1652 1653 1654 1655 1656 1657 1658 1659 1660 1661 1662 1663 1664 1665 1666 1667 1668 1669 1670 1671 1672 1673 1674 1675 1676 1677 1678 1679 1680 1681 1682 1683 1684 1685 1686 1687 1688 1689 1690 1691 1692 1693 1694 1695 1696 1697 1698 1699 1700
18th century	1701 1702 1703 1704 1705 1706 1707 1708 1709 1710 1711 1712 1713 1714 1715 1716 1717 1718 1719 1720 1721 1722 1723 1724 1725 1726 1727 1728 1729 1730 1731 1732 1733 1734 1735 1736 1737 1738 1739 1740 1741 1742 1743 1744 1745 1746 1747 1748 1749 1750 1751 1752 1753 1754 1755 1756 1757 1758 1759 1760 1761 1762 1763 1764 1765 1766 1767 1768 1769 1770 1771 1772 1773 1774 1775 1776 1777 1778 1779 1780 1781 1782 1783 1784 1785 1786 1787 1788 1789 1790 1791 1792 1793 1794 1795 1796 1797 1798 1799 1800
19th century	1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900
20th century	1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
21st century	2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025

v t e 1914 in Europe
Sovereign states	Albania Andorra Austria-Hungary Baden Belgium Bulgaria Denmark France Germany Greece Italy Liechtenstein Luxembourg Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Norway Ottoman Empire Portugal Prussia Romania Russia San Marino Serbia Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom
Dependencies, colonies and other territories	Cyprus Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Malta