Aqusha dialect

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Aqusha
Akusha
ахъушан / ахъушала лугъат
aqušan / aqušala luʁat
Pronunciation[aquʃan/aquʃalaluʁat]
Native to Russia
Region Dagestan
Ethnicity Aqusha  [ ru ] Dargins
Native speakers
42,000 in traditional areas (2006) [1]
Standard forms
Dialects
  • Aqusha proper
  • Levashi
Cyrillic (Literary Dargwa only)
Language codes
ISO 639-2 dar (Litarary Dargwa only)
ISO 639-3 dar (Literary Dargwa only)
Glottolog akus1238   Akusha
Dargwa map (Koryakov) 2021.png
  North Dargwa, with Aqusha at the bottom left of the section

Aqusha is a dialect of North Dargwa spoken by over 42,000 Dargins. [1] It is the basis for the literary Dargwa language, along with Urakhi, as was developed in the 1930s. [2] Speakers of Aqusha number the most among Dargwa linguistic groups. [3]

Contents

Geographical distribution

Aqusha is most commonly found in the Akushinsky and Levashinsky Districts. There is a significant diaspora of Aqusha speakers in southern European Russia.

Dialects

Aqusha is divided into 2 dialects, Aqusha and Levashi. According to Saygid Abdullayev  [ ru ], the differences in the Aqusha dialect are hardly noticeable and insignificant. [3]

Phonology

Aqusha, and dialects of its type, lack the fortis and lenis contrast that is found in dialects of the Tsudaqar type. [4] Vowel length and labialization are also absent. Glottalized и and о occur, and the case indicator д is lost after prefixes. [3]

Comparison with standard Dargwa

[3]
AqushaStandardGloss
Ergativeшийшинниwater
СтепайСтепанниStepan
ИвайИванниIvan
хӀяйхӀяй, хӀяллиposition
хӀуйхӀуй, хӀулиниeye
Genitiveшишиннаwater
СтепаСтепаннаStepan
хӀяхӀяллаposition
шашалилаsides
ГӀаллаАлилаAli
ДагъистаДагъиста, ДагъистаннаDagestan

References

  1. 1 2 Kori︠a︡kov, I︠U︡ B. (2006). "РЕЕСТР КАВКАЗСКИХ ЯЗЫКОВ". Atlas kavkazskikh i︠a︡zykov: s prilozheniem polnogo reestra i︠a︡zykovАтлас кавказских языков (PDF) (in Russian). Institut i︠a︡zykoznanii︠a︡ (Rossiĭskai︠a︡ akademii︠a︡ nauk). Moskva: Piligrim. ISBN   978-5-9900772-1-8.
  2. Izdatelʹstvo "sovetskaâ ènciklopediâ"; Akademiâ nauk SSSR, eds. (1990). "Darginskij âzyk" Дарги́нский язы́к. Lingvističeskij ènciklopedičeskij slovarʹ. Москва: Советская энциклопедия. ISBN   978-5-85270-031-5.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Абдуллаев, Сайгид Нухкадиевич (1954). Грамматика даргинского языка (фонетика и морфология) (PDF). Махачкала: Институт истории, языка и литературы.
  4. "Лакско-даргинские языки". tapemark.narod.ru. Retrieved 2024-12-22.