Athletics is one of the sports at the quadrennial Mediterranean Games competition. It has been one of the sports competed at the event since the inaugural edition in 1951.
As of the most recent 2018 edition, the athletics program features 17 men's and 17 women's events. These include a total of 22 track events, 2 road events, and 10 field events.
| Event | 51 | 55 | 59 | 63 | 67 | 71 | 75 | 79 | 83 | 87 | 91 | 93 | 97 | 01 | 05 | 09 | 13 | 18 | 22 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current program | |||||||||||||||||||
| 100 m | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| 200 m | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| 400 m | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| 800 m | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| 1500 m | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| 5000 m | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| 110 m hurdles | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| 400 m hurdles | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| 3000 m steeplechase | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |
| 4 × 100 m relay | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| 4 × 400 m relay | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| Half marathon | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||
| High jump | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| Pole vault | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||
| Long jump | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| Triple jump | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |
| Shot put | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| Discus throw | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| Hammer throw | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||
| Javelin throw | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| Past events | |||||||||||||||||||
| 10,000 m | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||
| Marathon | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||
| 10 km walk | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
| 20 km walk | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||
| 50 km walk | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
| Decathlon | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||
| Events | 23 | 24 | 23 | 21 | 22 | 24 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 20 | 23 | 23 | 20 | 21 | 21 | 17 | 20 |
Updated after the 2022 Mediterranean Games
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Italy (ITA) | 179 | 161 | 127 | 467 |
| 2 |  France (FRA) | 151 | 124 | 100 | 375 |
| 3 |  Greece (GRE) | 63 | 69 | 78 | 210 |
| 4 |  Morocco (MAR) | 51 | 53 | 35 | 139 |
| 5 |  Yugoslavia (YUG) | 46 | 50 | 48 | 144 |
| 6 |  Spain (ESP) | 39 | 74 | 95 | 208 |
| 7 |  Algeria (ALG) | 33 | 19 | 35 | 87 |
| 8 |  Turkey (TUR) | 31 | 36 | 42 | 109 |
| 9 |  Tunisia (TUN) | 18 | 21 | 26 | 65 |
| 10 |  Cyprus (CYP) | 12 | 9 | 7 | 28 |
| 11 |  Slovenia (SLO) | 10 | 13 | 13 | 36 |
| 12 |  Croatia (CRO) | 10 | 8 | 9 | 27 |
| 13 |  Egypt (EGY) | 6 | 14 | 20 | 40 |
| 14 |  Serbia (SRB) | 5 | 5 | 2 | 12 |
| 15 |  Portugal (POR) | 3 | 4 | 4 | 11 |
| 16 |  Syria (SYR) | 3 | 2 | 2 | 7 |
| 17 |  Albania (ALB) | 2 | 2 | 3 | 7 |
| 18 |  Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH) | 1 | 1 | 6 | 8 |
| 19 |  Serbia and Montenegro (SCG) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 20 |  Libya (LBA) | 1 | 0 | 5 | 6 |
| 21 |  Montenegro (MNE) | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 22 |  Malta (MLT) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Totals (22 entries) | 666 | 667 | 661 | 1,994 | |
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The Mediterranean Games is a multi-sport event organised by the International Committee of Mediterranean Games (CIJM). It is held every four years among athletes from countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea in Africa, Asia and Europe. The first Mediterranean Games were held in 1951 in Alexandria, Egypt, while the most recent games were held in 2022 in Oran, Algeria.
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