Digalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase

digalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase
Identifiers
EC no.	2.4.1.241
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology	AmiGO / QuickGO
Search PMC articles PubMed articles NCBI proteins

In enzymology, a digalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase (EC 2.4.1.241) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

UDP-galactose + 3-(beta-D-galactosyl)-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol ${\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons }$ UDP + 3-[alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-galactosyl]-1,2-diacyl-sn- glycerol

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-galactose and 3-(beta-D-galactosyl)-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol, whereas its 3 products are UDP, [[3-[alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-galactosyl]-1,2-diacyl-sn-]], and glycerol.

This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-galactose:3-(beta-D-galactosyl)-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 6-alpha-galactosyltransferase. Other names in common use include DGD1, DGD2, DGDG synthase (ambiguous), UDP-galactose-dependent DGDG synthase, UDP-galactose-dependent digalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase, and UDP-galactose:MGDG galactosyltransferase. This enzyme participates in glycerolipid metabolism.

References

• Kelly AA, Dormann P (2002). "DGD2, an arabidopsis gene encoding a UDP-galactose-dependent digalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase is expressed during growth under phosphate-limiting conditions". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (2): 1166–73. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110066200 . PMID   11696551.
• Hartel H, Dormann P, Benning C (2000). "DGD1-independent biosynthesis of extraplastidic galactolipids after phosphate deprivation in Arabidopsis". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (19): 10649–54. doi: 10.1073/pnas.180320497 . PMC   27079 . PMID   10973486.
• Kelly AA, Froehlich JE, Dormann P (2003). "Disruption of the two digalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase genes DGD1 and DGD2 in Arabidopsis reveals the existence of an additional enzyme of galactolipid synthesis". Plant Cell. 15 (11): 2694–706. doi:10.1105/tpc.016675. PMC   280572 . PMID   14600212.
• Benning C, Ohta H (2005). "Three enzyme systems for galactoglycerolipid biosynthesis are coordinately regulated in plants". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (4): 2397–400. doi: 10.1074/jbc.R400032200 . PMID   15590685.