Dutch general election, 1848

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General elections were held in the Netherlands on 30 November and 4 December 1848. [1] Held immediately after the Constitutional Reform of 1848, they were the first direct elections to the House of Representatives, and were the first to elect a States General to which government ministers would be responsible. [2] Voting was restricted to men over the age of 23, and who paid a certain level of taxation. [3] This limited the franchise to 55,728 people, [4] roughly 11% of the male population over 23, or 2.5% of the total population of the country. [3] Candidates were elected in districts in a two-round system; if no candidate received over 50% of the vote in the first round, the top two candidates would face a run-off. [3] The districts had one MP for every 45,000 inhabitants. [3]

Netherlands Constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Europe

The Netherlands is a country located mainly in Northwestern Europe. The European portion of the Netherlands consists of twelve separate provinces that border Germany to the east, Belgium to the south, and the North Sea to the northwest, with maritime borders in the North Sea with Belgium, Germany and the United Kingdom. Together with three island territories in the Caribbean Sea—Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba— it forms a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The official language is Dutch, but a secondary official language in the province of Friesland is West Frisian.

Constitutional Reform of 1848

The Constitutional Reform of 1848 laid the basis for the present system of parliamentary democracy in the Netherlands. It is often described as the original version of the Dutch Constitution that is still in force today. Under pressure from the Revolutions of 1848 in surrounding countries, King William II agreed to several demands of the liberal parliamentary opposition. The House of Representatives obtained much more influence, and was now directly elected. The reform was in some sense a peaceful revolution, in which liberal politician Johan Rudolph Thorbecke and King William II played important roles.

House of Representatives (Netherlands) lower house of the Netherlands

The House of Representatives is the lower house of the bicameral parliament of the Netherlands, the States General, the other one being the Senate. It has 150 seats which are filled through elections using a party-list proportional representation. It sits in the Binnenhof in The Hague.

Contents

As there were no official political parties until 1879, [5] all candidates were nominally independents.

Results

PartyVotes%Seats
Independents
Invalid/blank votes––
Total44,80510068
Registered voters/turnout55,72880.4–
Source: Nohlen & Stöver

By district

Johan Rudolph Thorbecke, whose constitutional reform triggered the election, was elected in Leiden, but gave up his seat in 1849 to lead his first cabinet. Johan Heinrich Neuman - Johan Rudolf Thorbecke.jpg
Johan Rudolph Thorbecke, whose constitutional reform triggered the election, was elected in Leiden, but gave up his seat in 1849 to lead his first cabinet.
District Member elected Province Group Ref.
Alkmaar Moraaz, Samuel Antony de Samuel Antony de Moraaz North Holland Thorbeckian liberal [6]
Almelo Donker Curtius, Dirk Dirk Donker Curtius Overijssel Pragmatic liberal [7]
Amersfoort Walchren, Simon van Simon van Walchren Utrecht Pragmatic liberal [8]
Amsterdam IGodefroi, Michel Henry Michel Henry Godefroi North Holland Pragmatic liberal [9]
Amsterdam IIBacker, Cornelis Cornelis Backer North Holland Pragmatic liberal [10]
Amsterdam IIIHall, Floris Adriaan van Floris Adriaan van Hall North Holland Pragmatic liberal [11]
Amsterdam IVNaamen, Johannes Sebastiaan van Johannes Sebastiaan van Naamen North Holland Pragmatic liberal [12]
Amsterdam VHeemskerk Bzn., Jan Jan Heemskerk Bzn. North Holland Thorbeckian liberal [13]
Appingedam Westerhoff, Rembertus Rembertus Westerhoff Groningen Thorbeckian liberal [14]
Arnhem Nedermeyer van Rosenthal, Johan Johan Nedermeyer van Rosenthal Gelderland Pragmatic liberal [15]
Assen Heiden Reinestein, Louis van Louis van Heiden Reinestein Drenthe Conservative [16]
Bergen op Zoom Meeussen, Karel Adrianus Karel Adrianus Meeussen North Brabant Thorbeckian liberal [17]
Breda Storm, Lambertus Dominicus Lambertus Dominicus Storm North Brabant Thorbeckian liberal [18]
Brielle Anemaet, Sebastiaan Hendrik Sebastiaan Hendrik Anemaet South Holland Thorbeckian liberal [19]
Delft Wintgens, Willem Willem Wintgens South Holland Pragmatic liberal [20]
Den Bosch Luyben, Johannes Johannes Luyben North Brabant Conservative liberal [21]
Den Haag IBoreel van Hogelanden, Willem Willem Boreel van Hogelanden South Holland Pragmatic liberal [22]
Den Haag IISchooneveld, Pieter Carel Pieter Carel Schooneveld South Holland Pragmatic liberal [23]
Deventer Storm van 's Gravesande, Carel Carel Storm van 's Gravesande Overijssel Pragmatic liberal [24]
Doetinchem Nispen van Sevenaer, Joannes van Joannes van Nispen van Sevenaer Gelderland Pragmatic liberal [25]
Dokkum Bruggen Hugenholtz, Isaäc ter Isaäc ter Bruggen Hugenholtz Friesland Thorbeckian liberal [26]
Dordrecht Lotsy, Johannes Servaas Johannes Servaas Lotsy South Holland Pragmatic liberal [27]
Edam Hasselt, Willem Jan Cornelis van Willem Jan Cornelis van Hasselt North Holland Pragmatic liberal [28]
Eindhoven Heijde, Johannes Franciscus van der Johannes Franciscus van der Heijde North Brabant Pragmatic liberal [29]
Elst Engelen, Adriaan Walraven Adriaan Walraven Engelen Utrecht Pragmatic liberal [30]
Enschede Man, Maximiliaan Jacob de Maximiliaan Jacob de Man Overijssel Pragmatic liberal [31]
Franeker Dirks, Jacob Jacob Dirks Friesland Conservative [32]
Goes Bachiene, Philip Johannes Philip Johannes Bachiene Zeeland Thorbeckian liberal [33]
Gorinchem Boxman, Abraham Abraham Boxman South Holland Pragmatic liberal [34]
Gouda Linden, Gijsbertus Martinus van der Gijsbertus Martinus van der Linden South Holland Thorbeckian liberal [35]
Grave Hengst, Johannes Johannes Hengst North Brabant Pragmatic liberal [36]
Groningen Wichers, Berend Berend Wichers Groningen Thorbeckian liberal [37]
Haarlem Voorst, Willem Hendrik van Willem Hendrik van Voorst North Holland Pragmatic liberal [38]
Harderwijk Groen van Prinsterer, Guillaume Guillaume Groen van Prinsterer Gelderland Anti-revolutionary [39]
Heerenveen Heloma, Nicolaas van Nicolaas van Heloma Friesland Pragmatic liberal [40]
Heerlen Villers de Pité, Louis de Louis de Villers de Pité Limburg Pragmatic liberal [41]
Helmond Bots, Johannes Baptista Johannes Baptista Bots North Brabant Thorbeckian liberal [42]
Heusden Schiffer, Cornelis Cornelis Schiffer North Brabant Conservative [43]
Hoogeveen Randwijck, Lodewijk Napoleon van Lodewijk Napoleon van Randwijck Drenthe Ultraconservative [44]
Hoorn Scheltinga Winterberg, Eko Theodorus Eko Theodorus Scheltinga Winterberg North Holland Conservative [45]
Kampen Duymaer van Twist, Albertus Jacobus Albertus Jacobus Duymaer van Twist Overijssel Pragmatic liberal [46]
Leeuwarden Albarda, Binse Binse Albarda Friesland Pragmatic liberal [47]
Leiden Thorbecke, Johan Rudolph Johan Rudolph Thorbecke South Holland Thorbeckian liberal [48]
Leiderdorp Verweij Mejan, Gerardus Wouter Gerardus Wouter Verweij Mejan South Holland Pragmatic liberal [49]
Maastricht Borret, Eduardus Josephus Hubertus Eduardus Josephus Hubertus Borret Limburg Conservative (Catholic) [50]
Middelburg Slicher van Domburg, Jan Jacob Jan Jacob Slicher van Domburg Zeeland Pragmatic liberal [51]
Nijmegen Dommer van Poldersveldt, Gustaaf Gustaaf Dommer van Poldersveldt Gelderland Conservative (Catholic) [52]
Onderdendam Reinders, Geert Geert Reinders Groningen Pragmatic liberal [53]
Ridderkerk Wijnaendts, Willem Willem Wijnaendts South Holland Pragmatic liberal [54]
Roermond Leclercq, Johan Lodewijk Matthias Johan Lodewijk Matthias Leclercq Limburg Pragmatic liberal [55]
Rotterdam IMonchy, Engel Pieter de Engel Pieter de Monchy South Holland Pragmatic liberal [56]
Rotterdam IIRijckevorsel, Abram van Abram van Rijckevorsel South Holland Pragmatic liberal [57]
Ruurlo Zuylen van Nijevelt, Jacob van Jacob van Zuylen van Nijevelt Gelderland Pragmatic liberal [58]
Schiedam Poortman, Karel Arnoldus Karel Arnoldus Poortman South Holland Thorbeckian liberal [59]
Sittard Lambrechts, Johannes Jacobus Johannes Jacobus Lambrechts Limburg Pragmatic liberal [60]
Sluis Eck, Daniël van Daniël van Eck Zeeland Thorbeckian liberal [61]
Sneek Costerus, Pieter Jacob Pieter Jacob Costerus Friesland Pragmatic liberal [62]
Tilburg Mutsaers, Jacobus Arnoldus Jacobus Arnoldus Mutsaers North Brabant Conservative (Catholic) [63]
Utrecht Goltstein, Jan Karel van Jan Karel van Goltstein Utrecht Pragmatic liberal [64]
Venlo Lom de Berg, Pieter Lodewijk de Pieter Lodewijk de Lom de Berg Limburg Conservative (Catholic) [65]
Winschoten Zijlker, Jan Freerks Jan Freerks Zijlker Groningen Thorbeckian liberal [66]
IJsselstein Doorn, Elisa Cornelis Unico van Elisa Cornelis Unico van Doorn Utrecht Conservative [67]
Zaandam Smit, Hendrik Jan Hendrik Jan Smit North Holland Pragmatic liberal [68]
Zaltbommel Dam van Isselt, Edmond Willem van Edmond Willem van Dam van Isselt Gelderland Pragmatic liberal [69]
Zevenbergen Jespers, Franciscus Johannes Franciscus Johannes Jespers North Brabant Thorbeckian liberal [70]
Zierikzee Fokker, Gerrit Adriaan Gerrit Adriaan Fokker Zeeland Thorbeckian liberal [71]
Zutphen Dullert, Willem Hendrik Willem Hendrik Dullert Gelderland Thorbeckian liberal [72]
Zwolle Sloet tot Oldhuis, Bartholomeus Bartholomeus Sloet tot Oldhuis Overijssel Thorbeckian liberal [73]

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References

  1. ↑ Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1395 ISBN   978-3-8329-5609-7
  2. ↑ Nohlen & Stöver, p1380
  3. 1 2 3 4 Nohlen & Stöver, p1384
  4. ↑ Nohlen & Stöver, p1396
  5. ↑ Nohlen & Stöver, p1393
  6. ↑ "S.A. de Moraaz". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  7. ↑ "Mr. D. (Dirk) Donker Curtius". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  8. ↑ "Mr. S. van Walchren". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  9. ↑ "Mr. M.H. Godefroi". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  10. ↑ "Jhr.Mr. C. Backer". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  11. ↑ "Mr. F.A. baron van Hall". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  12. ↑ "Mr. J.S. van Naamen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  13. ↑ "Mr. J. Heemskerk Bzn." Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  14. ↑ "Dr. R. Westerhoff". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  15. ↑ "Mr. J.Th.H. Nedermeijer ridder van Rosenthal". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  16. ↑ "Mr. L. graaf van Heiden Reinestein". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  17. ↑ "Mr. K.A. Meeussen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  18. ↑ "Mr. L.D. Storm". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  19. ↑ "Mr. S.H. Anemaet". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  20. ↑ "Mr. W. Wintgens". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  21. ↑ "Mr. J.L.A. Luyben". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  22. ↑ "Jhr.Mr. W. Boreel van Hogelanden". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  23. ↑ "Mr. P.C. Schooneveld". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  24. ↑ "Jhr. C.M. Storm van 's-Gravesande". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  25. ↑ "Jhr. J.A.Ch.A. van Nispen van Sevenaer". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  26. ↑ "I.Th. Ter Bruggen Hugenholtz". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  27. ↑ "Mr. J.S. Lotsy". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  28. ↑ "J.F. van der Heijde". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  29. ↑ "Mr. W.J.C. van Hasselt". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  30. ↑ "Mr.Dr. A.W. Engelen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  31. ↑ "Mr. M.J. de Man". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  32. ↑ "Mr. J. Dirks". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  33. ↑ "Ph.J. Bachiene". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  34. ↑ "Mr. A. Boxman". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  35. ↑ "Mr. G.M. van der Linden". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  36. ↑ "Mr. J.B.J. Hengst". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  37. ↑ "Mr. B. Wichers". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  38. ↑ "Mr. W.H. van Voorst". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  39. ↑ "Mr.Dr. G. (Willem) Groen van Prinsterer". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  40. ↑ "Mr. N. van Heloma". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  41. ↑ "Jhr. L.L.G.M. Villers de Pité". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  42. ↑ "Mr. J.B. Bots". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  43. ↑ "C. Schiffer". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  44. ↑ "Mr. L.N. graaf van Randwijck". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  45. ↑ "E.Th. Scheltinga Winterberg". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  46. ↑ "Mr. A.J. Duymaer van Twist". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  47. ↑ "Mr. B. Albarda". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  48. ↑ "Dr.Mr. J.R. Thorbecke". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  49. ↑ "Mr. G.W. Verweij Mejan". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  50. ↑ "Mr. E.J.H. Borret". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  51. ↑ "Mr. J.J. Slicher van Domburg". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  52. ↑ "Jhr. G.E.G.C.K. Dommer van Poldersveldt". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  53. ↑ "G. Reinders". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  54. ↑ "Mr. W. Wijnaendts". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  55. ↑ "Mr. J.L.M. Leclercq". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  56. ↑ "Mr. J.L.M. Leclercq". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  57. ↑ "A. (Abram) van Rijckevorsel Hzn". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  58. ↑ "Mr. J.P.P. baron van Zuylen van Nijevelt". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  59. ↑ "Mr. K.A. Poortman". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  60. ↑ "J.J. Lambrechts". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  61. ↑ "Mr. D. van Eck". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  62. ↑ "Dr. P.J. Costerus". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  63. ↑ "Mr. J.A. Mutsaers". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  64. ↑ "Mr. J.K. baron van Goltstein". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  65. ↑ "Mr. P.L. de Lom de Berg". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  66. ↑ "J.F. Zijlker". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  67. ↑ "E.C.U. van Doorn". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  68. ↑ "Mr. H.J. Smit". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  69. ↑ "E.W. van Dam van Isselt". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  70. ↑ "Mr. F.J. Jespers". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  71. ↑ "Mr. G.A. Fokker". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  72. ↑ "Mr. W.H. Dullert". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  73. ↑ "Mr. B.W.A.E. baron Sloet tot Oldhuis". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
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