Elephant is the fourth studio album by American rock duo the White Stripes. It was released on April 1, 2003 in the United States by V2 Records and in the United Kingdom by XL Recordings. Produced by vocalist and guitarist Jack White, it continues the "back-to-basics" approach from the band's previous album White Blood Cells (2001), foregoing computers and utilizing gear no more recent than 1963. It was mostly recorded across two weeks at Toe Rag Studios in April and May 2002,[a] and features lyrics about the "death of the sweetheart" in American popular culture.
Elephant is widely recognized as an influential and seminal work of the 2000s garage rock revival, solidifying Jack and Meg White's positions as leading figures in the movement, and has been named by several publications as one of the greatest albums of all time. The album has sold over four million units worldwide, making it the band's best-selling album.
Recording
The White Stripes recorded Elephant over two weeks in April through May 2002 at Toe Rag Studios in London, with the exception of "Well It's True That We Love One Another", "Hypnotize" and "I Just Don't Know What to Do with Myself" being recorded in November 2001, with the latter taking place at BBC's Maida Vale Studios.[2][3] On certain releases, "Hypnotize" was mistakenly marked as recorded in April,[4] which was corrected on the 20th anniversary release.[4]
Guitarist and vocalist Jack White produced the album with antiquated equipment, including an 8-tracktape machine and pre-1960s recording gear.[5][6] Computers were not used during Elephant's writing, recording, or production, and the equipment utilized was no more recent than 1963.[7][8][9] The band often exhausted the limits of the 8-track recorder, particularly on "There's No Home for You Here", for which Jack said "I think how far we went is too far."[10]
Composition
Described musically as a garage rock,[11]blues rock,[12] and punk blues record,[13]Elephant advances the "back to basics" approach from the White Stripes's previous album, White Blood Cells (2001).[14] Jack wrote most of the lyrics on Elephant, and its music was composed by the band. Its themes revolve around the idea of the "death of the sweetheart" in both American culture and popular culture.[15] Other themes on the record include love, demonstrated by tracks such as "I Just Don't Know What to Do with Myself" and "In the Cold, Cold Night",[16][17] and perseverance, demonstrated by "Little Acorns".[18][19] The album also includes unused songs from the band's early years, including "You've Got Her in Your Pocket" and "Girl, You Have No Faith in Medicine".[17]
Some tracks on Elephant use a DigiTech Whammy to create a bass-like sound.
The band expanded their style with a bass line alongside lead and rhythm guitar, in addition to greater use of keyboards and pianos.[14] Jack infamously used a DigiTech Whammy pedal to mimic the sound of a bass guitar for several of the album's tracks. He did so in "Seven Nation Army" and "The Hardest Button to Button" by connecting a semi-acoustic guitar to the pedal and lowering the pitch by an octave.[20][21][22] It also features Meg performing leading vocals for the first time ("In the Cold, Cold Night"), having only performed background vocals for De Stijl and White Blood Cells previously.[16] Prior to its recording, she built her confidence by singing solo live.[23]
Jack observed that "You look at your average teenager with the body piercings and the tattoos. You have white kids going around talking in ghetto accents because they think that makes them hard. It's so cool to be hard. We're against that." With the album, White Stripes drummer Meg White hoped to show that "it's O.K. not to care about anything. Everything can be judged, everything can be trashed."[24]
Artwork
Reissues of Elephant often change the color of Meg's dress or Jack's outfit.
Similar to the band's other albums, Elephant's cover art and liner notes are exclusively in red, white, and black.[25] On the reverse side of the US edition, all of the number "3"s are in red (disregarding the authorization notes at the bottom).[25] The cryptic symbolism of the album art includes a skull sitting on the floor in the background, as well as peanuts and peanut shells in the foreground, and on the circus travel trunk appears the mark "III", Jack's signature.[26][27] Jack is displaying a mano cornuta and looking at a light bulb intensely, while Meg is barefoot and appears to be crying, with a rope tied around her ankle and leading out of frame. Both have small white ribbons tied to their fingers. In an interview with Q Magazine in 2007, Jack said, "If you study the picture carefully, Meg and I are elephant ears in a head-on elephant. But it's a side view of an elephant, too, with the tusks leading off either side." He went on to say, "I wanted people to be staring at this album cover and then maybe two years later, having stared at it for the 500th time, to say, 'Hey, it's an elephant!'"[28][26]
The album has been released with at least six different versions of the front cover—different covers for the CD and LP editions in the US, the UK and elsewhere.[29] On the US CD edition, Meg is sitting on the left of a circus travel trunk and Jack is sitting on the right holding a cricket bat over the ground,[30] while on the UK CD edition, the cricket bat touches the ground and the image is mirrored so that their positions on the trunk are reversed. The UK vinyl album cover is the same as the US CD, but differs in that the color hues are much darker. The Record Store Day 2013 vinyl and August 2013 180-gram black vinyl reissues have Meg wearing a black dress instead of the usual white dress; the only other release with Meg wearing the black dress was on the V2 advanced copy back in 2003.[31][32] The advanced copy was on red and white vinyl, while the RSD copy has red, black and white colored vinyl in 2013.[33] A 20th anniversary limited edition has Jack wearing all white similar to the limited 2003 Australian pressing.[34]
The artwork of Elephant has become iconic.[15] It appeared on Billboard's list of "The 100 Best Album Covers of All Time".[35]
Promotion and release
The track list for Elephant was announced in January 2003 to NME,[36] and four singles were announced to promote the album.[37] After a debate with XL Recordings,[38] "Seven Nation Army" was released as the lead single on February 17.[39] The song peaked at number 76 on the Billboard Hot 100, the band's first entry on the chart,[40] while reaching the top 10 in the United Kingdom and entering multiple international territories.[41] In March, the album was given to NME for an early review.[21] The White Stripes were set to tour that same month, but postponed after Meg broke her wrist.[42]Elephant was officially released on April 1 by V2 Records in the United States and XL in the United Kingdom.[43]
The success of "Seven Nation Army" boosted the album's reach and sales.[44] The band began their promotional tour on June 13, and performed for six weeks across North America until July 23.[45] "I Just Don't Know What To Do With Myself" was released as the second single on September 1,[46] which became their first work to chart in the Netherlands and New Zealand.[47][48] "The Hardest Button to Button" was released as the third single on November 17,[49][c] which peaked in the top 10 of the US Alternative Songs chart and drew attention for its music video.[51] The fourth and final single, "There's No Home for You Here", was released on March 15, 2004 and failed to replicate the success of its predecessors.[52]
Elephant has continued to be reissued by Jack's Third Man Records, notably on anniversary dates. In 2013, Third Man Records released a limited edition vinyl reissue of Elephant, in celebration of the album's 10-year anniversary, which were pressed at United Record Pressing in Nashville, TN.[53] In January 2023, a mono remix of the album, titled Elephant XX, was announced and later released exclusively through Third Man Records.[54][55] That same year, a deluxe edition for the anniversary was released with live recordings from a performance in Chicago's Aragon Ballroom.[56][57]
Elephant received widespread acclaim from music critics; review aggregating website Metacritic reports a normalized score of 92 out of 100 based on 28 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim".[68][69] In a perfect 5 star review, AllMusic critic Heather Phares said Elephant "overflows with quality".[12]David Fricke of Rolling Stone called Elephant "a work of pulverizing perfection," and believed it exceeded "the plantation holler of 2000's De Stijl and 2001's White Blood Cells with blues that both pop and bleed".[70] John Mulvey of NME rated the album 9/10 and stated that "The eloquence, barbarism, tenderness and sweat-drenched vitality of Elephant make it the most fully-realised White Stripes album yet."[62] The Los Angeles Times's Robert Hilburn claimed that the band earned more respect "than any other U.S. band since Nirvana and Nine Inch Nails" and compared the listening experience of Elephant to "playing chess with a tournament pro -- an experience so full of unexpected twists and turns that you find yourself trying to guess where he's (Jack) going, only to marvel at his choices."[71]
Alexis Petridis of The Guardian called Elephant their "apotheosis" and wrote that "the White Stripes' music seems almost elemental, their power undeniable: it is clear why they are the only band to have transcended the indie ghetto."[72]Uncut magazine remarked that "Elephant is where the tabloid phenomenon of summer 2001 prove they are no flash in the pan by making a truly phenomenal record."[73] In contrast, Jon Pareles of The New York Times, while praising the continuation of their "back to basics" template, felt that "the quest—for something that might as well be called heart—is still ahead of them."[14] Rob Brunner of Entertainment Weekly deemed Elephant a "front-loaded Jack White powerhouse" and called the band half-talented, criticizing Meg's drumming.[74] Brent DiCrescenzo of Pitchfork was similarly negative in his review, believing Jack's blending of elements seemed superficial and Meg's drumming was "pancake-handed".[75]Lorraine Ali of Newsweek criticized the band's gimmicks but concluded that the album "still sounds great."[76]
Elephant entered the Billboard 200 at number six after first week sales of 126,000 units and spent 58 weeks on the chart, the longest of any White Stripes album.[88][89] It was certified platinum in the United States in September 2003, and ended the year at number 57 on the Billboard 200.[90] In the UK, it topped the UK Albums Chart and spent 55 weeks on the chart.[41] It was certified double platinum in October 2003 and finished the year at number 22 on the UK Albums Chart.[91] As of 2025, Elephant has earned multiple platinum certifications in five territories.[92]
Legacy
Since its release, Elephant has been cited by critics as a landmark album of the 2000s garage rock revival and the White Stripes's best work.[5][9][93] Sarah Boden of The Guardian observed that, by the end of the 2000s, "nobody matched Jack and Meg when it came to creating a colossal sound out of such basic ingredients. Elephant, after all, was the release that banished preconceptions about the White Stripes' self-consciously limiting format and affirmed that they were consistently and swaggeringly magnificent."[94] Tom Breihan of Stereogum deemed the album as the band's "show-and-prove moment. They showed, and they proved." Breihan further wrote that "the vast majority of Elephant holds together as a mean, surly, pretty statement of rock dominance. The pressure was on, but they weren't gonna crack."[95]Ultimate Classic Rock's Michael Gallucci declared that Elephant sparked a "rock revolution" and made guitar-based music prominent again, calling it a "masterpiece".[96]
In March 2003, a month before its release, NME ranked Elephant at 74 on their list of the "100 Best Albums of All Time" list.[97] Halfway through the 2000s, it appeared in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die.[98] In 2009, Billboard ranked it at number nine in its list of the Top 20 Albums of the Decade.[99] That same year, Rolling Stone ranked it number five on their list of the 100 Best Albums of the 2000s.[100] Other publications that included Elephant on their decade-best albums lists include Complex,[101]Consequence,[102]NME,[103]Paste,[104]Pitchfork,[105]Spin,[106]Slant,[107] and Uncut[108] In 2012, Rolling Stone ranked Elephant at 390 on their list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time, dropping it to 449 in the 2020 revision.[109][110] In 2013, NME ranked the album 114 on their list of The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time.[111] Also in 2013, readers at Mojo voted Elephant as the most influential album of the last 20 years.[112] In 2019, The Guardian ranked it 48 on their The 100 Best Albums of the 21st Century list.[113] In 2020, Newsweek ranked it 81 on their 100 Best Rock Albums of All Time;[114] the same publication ranked it 13 on their 50 Best Rock Albums from the 21st Century in 2021.[115]
* Sales figures based on certification alone. ^ Shipments figures based on certification alone. ‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
Notes
1 2 Although most of Elephant was recorded in April and May 2002, three of the album's tracks were recorded in November 2001.
↑ First released to US alternative radio on August 11, 2003.[1]
↑ First released to US alternative radio on August 11, 2003.[50]
References
↑ "Going for Adds". Radio & Records. No.1516. August 8, 2003. p.26.
↑ "NME's 100 Best Albums of All Time!". NME: 30. March 8, 2003.
↑ Dimery, Robert; Lydon, Michael (March 23, 2010). 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die: Revised and Updated Edition. Universe. ISBN978-0-7893-2074-2.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.