Emily Thornberry | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chair of the Foreign Affairs Select Committee | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assumed office 11 September 2024 [1] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Preceded by | Alicia Kearns | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Member of Parliament for Islington South and Finsbury | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assumed office 5 May 2005 [2] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Preceded by | Chris Smith | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Majority | 15,455 (36.2%) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Personal details | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Born | Emily Anne Thornberry 27 July 1960 Guildford,Surrey,England | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Political party | Labour | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Spouse | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Children | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parents |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Alma mater | University of Kent (LLB) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Signature | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Website | www | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Emily Anne Thornberry, Lady Nugee (born 27 July 1960) is a British Labour politician who has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Islington South and Finsbury since 2005. She served as Shadow Attorney General for England and Wales from 2021 until the 2024 UK general election, and previously from 2011 to 2014. Thornberry has also served in a number of other senior positions on Labour's front bench, namely as Shadow Foreign Secretary from 2016 to 2020, Shadow First Secretary of State from 2017 to 2020 and Shadow Secretary of State for International Trade from 2020 to 2021.
The daughter of a teacher and a diplomat, Thornberry was born in Guildford, Surrey, and attended a local secondary modern school. After graduating from the University of Kent in Canterbury, she worked as a human rights lawyer from 1985 to 2005 and joined the Transport and General Workers' Union.
Thornberry was first elected to Parliament in 2005 and served as Shadow Attorney General for England and Wales in Ed Miliband's shadow cabinet from 2011 until she resigned in 2014 after sending a tweet mocking a house with England flags. After Jeremy Corbyn won the 2015 Labour leadership election, Thornberry was appointed Shadow Minister of State for Employment in September 2015, Shadow Secretary of State for Defence in January 2016 and Shadow Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs in June 2016. She was a candidate to succeed Corbyn as Leader of the Labour Party in the 2020 leadership election but was eliminated from the race after failing to obtain the number of nominations needed.
Thornberry was appointed to Keir Starmer's shadow cabinet as Shadow Secretary of State for International Trade and Shadow President of the Board of Trade in April 2020. She was appointed Shadow Attorney General for England and Wales in November 2021, but did not receive a ministerial position in Starmer's post-election government formed in July 2024.
Emily Thornberry was born on 27 July 1960 in Guildford, Surrey. [3] [4] Her parents were Sallie Thornberry (née Bone), a teacher, and Cedric Thornberry, a professor of international law at the London School of Economics, and later a United Nations Assistant Secretary-General. [5] [6] [7] [8] Due to her father's birth in Belfast she is an Irish citizen and Irish passport holder. [9] When Thornberry was seven, her parents divorced and she had to leave their home with her mother and two brothers. After this, she relied on free school meals and food parcels, with her cats being euthanised to save money. [10] Her mother later became a Labour councillor and mayor (representing Stoke in Guildford from 1983 to 2003), and her father stood as the Labour candidate for Guildford in the 1966 general election. [8] [11] [12]
Thornberry failed the eleven-plus exam, so attended a secondary modern school. [6] She left to live with her father when she was fifteen until he left without warning to work for the United Nations when she was seventeen. She worked as a cleaner and a barmaid in London alongside resitting her O-Levels and taking her A-Levels. [10] [13] She went on to study law at the University of Kent in Canterbury, graduating in 1982, and afterwards led the students' union as an elected full-time officer. She was called to the Bar at Gray's Inn and practised as a barrister specialising in human rights law from 1985 to 2005 under Michael Mansfield at Tooks Chambers. [3] [6]
She joined the Transport and General Workers' Union in 1985. [14]
At the 2001 general election, Thornberry stood as the Labour candidate in Canterbury, coming second with 36.9% of the vote behind the incumbent Conservative MP Julian Brazier. [15]
Thornberry was selected as the Labour candidate for Islington South and Finsbury for the 2005 general election through an all-women shortlist of prospective candidates. [16] She was elected to Parliament as MP for Islington South and Finsbury 39.9% of the vote and a majority of 484. [17] [18]
Thornberry made her maiden speech in the House of Commons on 24 May 2005. [19] In Parliament, she has been a member of the Environmental Audit Committee and was on the Communities and Local Government Select Committee during the 2005–10 Parliament.
In 2006, Thornberry was criticised by the Parliamentary Commissioner for Standards Philip Mawer for adding a quote from herself into a news release by the Electoral Commission. She was found not to have broken the Parliamentary code of conduct. [20]
Thornberry's main interests since becoming an MP have been in health, housing, the environment and equality. [21] She has also spoken on the need for more affordable housing, particularly in Islington. In 2006, Thornberry introduced the Housing Association Bill, a Private member's bill which sought to improve the control of housing association tenants over their landlords, [6] [22] with many of the ideas from this bill were taken up by the Cave Review. [23] On environmental matters, Thornberry worked with Friends of the Earth and World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) to campaign for a Climate Change Bill and a Marine Bill. In 2006, Thornberry won the ePolitix Award for Environment Champion of the Year after being nominated by WWF. [24]
In May 2008, Thornberry supported a change in the law to allow single women and lesbian couples to seek in vitro fertilisation treatment. [25] [26]
In 2009, she was appointed as a ministerial aide in the Department of Energy and Climate Change and attended the Copenhagen Summit in December that year with Joan Ruddock and Ed Miliband. [27]
At the 2010 general election, Thornberry was re-elected as MP for Islington South and Finsbury with an increased vote share of 42.3% and an increased majority of 3,569. [28] [29] [30] [31]
Thornberry was promoted to Shadow Minister for the Department of Energy and Climate Change soon after the general election. [32] She missed out on a place in Labour's shadow cabinet, then elected by Labour MPs, by one vote. She was instead promoted to the role of shadow care minister under the shadow health secretary John Healey. [33] [34]
In April 2011, Thornberry surveyed all the local government directors of adult social care and highlighted the pressures on care for the elderly by the coalition government's cuts to local authority funds. [35] In June 2011 Thornberry criticised the coalition government's lack of action over failing care home operator Southern Cross, calling for action and that the government put in place a plan B should the operator fail. [36] She criticised the government over the Winterbourne View care home abuse scandal, calling for an investigation into the affair. [37]
In July 2011, Thornberry challenged prime minister David Cameron over his false claims about wages at Islington Council, [38] campaigning against government measures which Thornberry claimed to have exacerbated child poverty in Islington, [39] and answering over 1,000 enquiries a month from constituents. [40]
Thornberry was appointed shadow attorney general in October 2011, which allowed her to attend shadow cabinet meetings. [41] Thornberry called for action by Dominic Grieve over Applied Language Solutions' failure to provide interpreters for court proceedings. [42]
Thornberry resigned her shadow cabinet position on 20 November 2014, shortly after polls closed in the Rochester and Strood by-election. [43] [44] Earlier in the day, she had received criticism after tweeting a photograph of a house in the constituency adorned with three flags of St. George [45] and the owner's white van parked outside on the driveway, under the caption "Image from #Rochester", provoking accusations of snobbery. [46] She was criticised by fellow Labour Party MPs, including leader Ed Miliband, who said her tweet conveyed a "sense of disrespect", Chris Bryant, who said that it broke the "first rule of politics" [47] and Simon Danczuk, who said that the party had been "hijacked by the north London liberal elite". [48]
At the 2015 general election, Thornberry was again re-elected with an increased vote share of 50.9% and an increased majority of 12,708. [49] [50] [51]
Thornberry was one of 36 Labour MPs to nominate Jeremy Corbyn as a candidate in the Labour leadership election of 2015, [52] though she later stated that she would be supporting Yvette Cooper. [53]
In September 2015, she was appointed as the shadow employment by the new Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn. [21]
She was promoted to shadow defence secretary in January 2016, replacing Maria Eagle. [54] Thornberry advocated spending money on the army rather than on the UK's Trident nuclear programme. [21] On being appointed, Thornberry was interviewed by the British Forces Broadcasting Service, where she defended her appointment, saying she had "quite a lot more experience than people might think I do. I was made an honorary lieutenant colonel when I was doing court-martials [sic] when I was a barrister so I have a certain amount of experience of the military there." [55] [56] During her role as shadow defence secretary, Thornberry conducted a review of defence policy, including the role of the nuclear deterrent, which was delayed following the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum. [57] During a private Labour discussion about the nuclear deterrent, Thornberry asked what "Defcon One", a status of the United States nuclear defence rating, meant. [58]
Thornberry was promoted to Shadow Foreign Secretary in June 2016 after Corbyn fired Hilary Benn. [59] She held the role of Shadow Brexit Secretary concurrently until Keir Starmer took on the role later that year. [60] She accused Sky News presenter Dermot Murnaghan of sexism after he asked her to name French minister of foreign affairs and international development, Jean-Marc Ayrault and the president of South Korea, which she was unable to do. [61] [62] [63]
In October 2016, Thornberry stated that she opposed Britain's involvement in the Saudi Arabian–led intervention in Yemen against the Shia Houthis. She said that "while Saudi Arabia will remain a valued strategic, security and economic ally in the years to come, our support for their forces in Yemen must be suspended until the alleged violations of international humanitarian law in that conflict have been fully and independently investigated". [64]
At the snap 2017 general election, Thornberry was again re-elected with an increased vote share of 62.8% and an increased majority of 20,263. [65] [66] Following the election, she was given the additional role of Shadow First Secretary of State, effectively acting as Corbyn's number 2. [67]
In May 2018 Thornberry said support in Syria for the country's president, Bashar al-Assad, had been "underestimated" in the West. [68] [69] In October 2018 Thornberry criticised Theresa May's government's response to Jamal Khashoggi's disappearance as "too little, too late". [70] She said: "Imagine how this government would have reacted if either Russia or Iran had abducted–and in all likelihood murdered–one of their dissident journalists within the sovereign territory of another country". [71]
At the 2019 general election, Thornberry was again re-elected, with a decreased vote share of 56.3% and a decreased majority of 17,328. [72] [73]
After Corbyn announced he was stepping down as leader, Thornberry was the first to announce that she would be running for leader of the Labour Party. [74] Defeated Labour MP Caroline Flint appeared on Sophy Ridge on Sunday and accused Thornberry of saying that Brexit voters in Northern England were 'stupid'. [75] Thornberry appeared on ITV News and accused Flint of 'making up shit about her' and threatened to take legal action. [76] [77] She was eventually eliminated from the leadership election after failing to achieve enough nominations from constituency parties or affiliated groups.
After the killing of Qasem Soleimani in the 2020 Baghdad International Airport airstrike, Thornberry condemned the actions of the United States government. She said that she shed no tears over the death, but was fearful of escalating tensions in the region. [78]
Thornberry was replaced as Shadow Foreign Secretary by Lisa Nandy upon the election of Keir Starmer as Leader of the Labour Party. [79] [80] Thornberry herself was not sacked from the Official Opposition frontbench, but instead moved to a different frontbench role, becoming the new Shadow Secretary of State for International Trade. She replaced Barry Gardiner, [81] [82] and said on Twitter that, "It's been a pleasure to work with Barry Gardiner these past four years... I hope I can take the fight to the government on International Trade as effectively as he did, and I'll be very lucky to have his advice". [83]
In late December 2020, Thornberry voted for the European Union (Future Relationship) Act 2020, in line with the Labour Chief Whip. [84]
In the November 2021 shadow cabinet reshuffle, Thornberry was appointed Shadow Attorney General for England and Wales. [85]
Thornberry was re-selected as the Labour candidate for Islington South and Finsbury at the 2024 general election in February 2022. [86]
At the 2024 general election, Thornberry was again re-elected with a decreased vote share of 53.7% and a decreased majority of 15,455. [87]
With the formation of the Starmer ministry, Thornberry was not appointed a minister and returned to the backbenches. [88] Thornberry was not appointed Attorney General for England and Wales as expected as she had held the position of Shadow Attorney General for six years under Starmer and Ed Miliband. [89] The role was given to Richard Hermer who was given a life peerage. [90] Thornberry was reportedly disappointed by this alleged snub. [91] She was elected Chair of the Foreign Affairs Committee by vote in the House of Commons on 11 September 2024. [92]
In July 2024, Thornberry was one of five politicians to cover for James O'Brien's radio show on LBC, as part of the station's "Guest Week". [93]
Thornberry's constituency is in the London Borough of Islington, which has disproportionately high house prices and private sector rents. [94] She has supported measures by Islington Council to free up under-occupied homes by supporting tenants to downsize [95] and to stop foreign investors from buying new homes and leaving them empty. [96] She has also called for a greater degree of control over private sector rents and more support for social house-building. [97] Thornberry has frequently campaigned for a greater commitment to affordable and social housing. [98] She was criticised when the local Islington Tribune newspaper discovered that her husband had bought a former social house which was being rented out to her aides. [98] [99] Thornberry said the purchase was "not about property speculation". [99]
In 2014 Thornberry clashed with Boris Johnson, the mayor of London, over the proposed redevelopments of the Mount Pleasant Mail Centre, the sorting office run by the Royal Mail, and the Clerkenwell Fire Station, both in her constituency. [100] Camden and Islington councils sought to require a high proportion of the resulting new homes to be made available for social rent, but Johnson overturned this and allowed homes designated as "affordable" to charge rents of up to 80 per cent of market rates. Thornberry criticised Johnson, describing his definition of affordability as "nonsense", and called for at least 50% of homes in the new developments to be made available for social rent. [97]
In 2013, the 100th anniversary of the death of the suffragette Emily Davison, Thornberry called for a statue commemorating Davison in Parliament. She arranged a public meeting to discuss options for a memorial, attended by around 800 people, and settled on the idea of a statue as an appropriate memorial, pointing out that there were very few statues of female politicians and activists in Parliament. [101]
In March 2015, Thornberry launched a campaign for a new Equal Pay Act. She said that, 45 years after the original Equal Pay Act was passed in 1970, women still earned 19% less than men on average. [102]
Thornberry has lived in Islington since the early 1990s. In July 1991 she married Christopher Nugee, of Wilberforce Chambers, [103] in Tower Hamlets, and they have two sons and a daughter. Nugee later became Queen's Counsel, then a High Court Judge, when he was knighted, at which point Thornberry became entitled to be styled Lady Nugee, but does not use the title. Nugee later became a Lord Justice of Appeal. Since 1993 they have lived on Richmond Crescent, Barnsbury, where Tony Blair also lived until the 1997 general election, moving in on the same day as the Blairs. [104] Thornberry also part-owns properties in Guildford and South London; [99] [105] her property portfolio "is believed to be worth £4.6 million." [106]
In April 2005, it was reported that Thornberry and Nugee had sent their son to the partially selective Dame Alice Owen's state school 14 miles (23 km) from their home and outside her constituency. The school was formerly based in Islington and reserved a quota of 10% of its places for Islington pupils. [107] The Labour Party opposed selection and Thornberry was criticised over the matter as a result. [108] Later, Thornberry's daughter attended the same school. [109]
Islington South and Finsbury is a constituency created in 1974 and represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2005 by Emily Thornberry of the Labour Party. Thornberry served as Shadow Foreign Secretary from 2016 until 2020 and as Shadow Attorney General for England and Wales from 2021 to 2024.
Bridget Maeve Phillipson is a British politician who has served as Secretary of State for Education and Minister for Women and Equalities since July 2024. A member of the Labour Party, she has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Houghton and Sunderland South since 2010.
Lisa Eva Nandy is a British Labour Party politician serving as Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport since 2024. She has served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Wigan since 2010. Nandy previously served as Shadow Foreign Secretary, Shadow Levelling Up Secretary, Shadow Energy Secretary and Shadow International Development Minister.
Shabana Mahmood is a British politician and barrister who has been serving as Lord Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice since 2024. A member of the Labour Party, she has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Birmingham Ladywood since 2010. Between 2010 and 2024 she held various shadow junior ministerial and shadow cabinet positions under leaders Ed Miliband, Harriet Harman, and Keir Starmer.
Katherine Anne Green is a British politician serving as Deputy Mayor of Greater Manchester for Policing and Crime since 2023. She previously served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Stretford and Urmston between 2010 and 2022. A member of the Labour Party, she served as Shadow Minister for Women and Equalities from 2015 to 2016, Chair of the Committees on Privileges and Standards from 2018 to 2020, and Shadow Secretary of State for Education from 2020 to 2021.
Lilian Rachel Greenwood is a British Labour Party politician who has served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Nottingham South since 2010, and the Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Future of Roads since July 2024.
Seema Malhotra is a British politician who has served as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Migration and Citizenship and Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Equalities since 2024. A member of the Labour and Co-operative parties, she has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Feltham and Heston since 2011. She previously sat on the opposition front bench as the Shadow Chief Secretary to the Treasury, Shadow Minister for Business and Consumers, Shadow Minister for Employment and a shadow Home Office minister.
Andrew Joseph McDonald is a British Labour Party politician and solicitor serving as Member of Parliament (MP) for Middlesbrough and Thornaby East since 2012.
Angela Rayner is a British politician who has served as Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and Secretary of State for Housing, Communities and Local Government since July 2024. She has been Deputy Leader of the Labour Party since 2020 and Labour and Co-operative Member of Parliament (MP) for Ashton-under-Lyne since 2015. Ideologically she identifies as a socialist and as being part of Labour's soft left.
Catherine Jane Smith is a British Labour Party politician who served as Member of Parliament (MP) since 2015, representing Lancaster and Wyre since 2024 after her former constituency, Lancaster and Fleetwood, was abolished. She was a member of the shadow cabinets led by Jeremy Corbyn and Keir Starmer from 2016 to 2021 as Shadow Secretary of State, previously Shadow Minister, for Young People and Democracy.
Joanna Meriel Stevens is a Welsh politician serving as Secretary of State for Wales since 2024. A member of the Labour Party, she has been a Member of Parliament (MP) since 2015, representing Cardiff East since 2024, having previously represented Cardiff Central.
Louise Margaret Haigh is a British politician who served as Secretary of State for Transport from July to November 2024. A member of the Labour Party, she has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Sheffield Heeley since 2015. She held various shadow ministerial and shadow cabinet portfolios between 2015 and 2024.
Jessica Rose Phillips is a British politician who has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Birmingham Yardley since 2015. A member of the Labour Party, she has served as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Safeguarding and Violence Against Women and Girls since July 2024.
Rebecca Roseanne Long-Bailey is a British independent, formerly Labour Party politician and solicitor who has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Salford, previously Salford and Eccles, since 2015. She served in the Shadow Cabinet under Jeremy Corbyn, first as Shadow Chief Secretary to the Treasury from 2016 to 2017 and then as Shadow Business Secretary from 2017 to 2020. Under Keir Starmer, she served as Shadow Education Secretary from April to June 2020.
Jeremy Corbyn assumed the position of Leader of the Opposition after being elected as leader of the Labour Party on 12 September 2015; the election was triggered by Ed Miliband's resignation following the Labour Party's electoral defeat at the 2015 general election when David Cameron formed a majority Conservative government. The usual number of junior shadow ministers were also appointed.
Charlotte Louise Nichols is a British Labour Party politician who has been the Member of Parliament for Warrington North since 2019.
The 2020 Labour Party leadership election was triggered after Jeremy Corbyn announced his intention to resign as the leader of the Labour Party following the party's defeat at the 2019 general election. It was won by Keir Starmer, who received 56.2 per cent of the vote on the first round and went on to become Prime Minister after winning the 2024 general election. It was held alongside the deputy leadership election, in which Angela Rayner was elected to succeed Tom Watson as deputy leader after Watson retired from Parliament in November 2019, in advance of the election.
Keir Starmer assumed the position of Leader of the Opposition after being elected as leader of the Labour Party on 4 April 2020; the election was triggered by Jeremy Corbyn's resignation following the Labour Party's electoral defeat at the 2019 general election when Boris Johnson formed a majority Conservative government. Starmer appointed his Shadow Cabinet on 5 and 6 April. He reshuffled his Shadow Cabinet five times: in June 2020, May 2021, June 2021, November 2021 and 2023.
On 26–29 June 2016, 21 members of the Shadow Cabinet resigned from the frontbench. Following the Leave result in the referendum on Britain's membership of the European Union, Jeremy Corbyn faced heavy criticism for the perceived reluctance of his involvement in the campaign to Remain and his perceived weakness as leader of the Labour Party.
The Starmer ministry began on 5 July 2024 when Keir Starmer was invited by King Charles III to form a government, following the resignation of Rishi Sunak after the general election on 4 July 2024.