England and Wales police and crime commissioner elections, 2012

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Police and Crime Commissioner elections, 2012

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15 November 2012 2016  →
41 police and crime commissioners in England and Wales
Turnout 15.1%

 First partySecond party
  David Cameron official.jpg Ed Miliband 2.jpg
Leader David Cameron Ed Miliband
Party Conservative Labour
Leader since6 December 200525 September 2010
Popular vote1,480,3231,716,024
Percentage27.6%32.0%
Commissioners1613

England and Wales Police and Crime Commission elections 2012 map.svg

The 41 police force areas within England and Wales where elections were held

The 2012 Police and Crime Commissioner elections were polls held in most police areas in England and Wales on Thursday 15 November. [1] [2] The direct election of Police and Crime Commissioners (PCCs) was originally scheduled for May 2012 [3] but was postponed in order to secure the passage of the Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011 through the House of Lords. [4] The Government considers the elected Commissioners to have a stronger mandate than the "unelected and invisible police authorities that they replace". [5] The elections took place alongside by-elections for the House of Commons in Cardiff South and Penarth, Corby and Manchester Central, and a mayoral election in Bristol.

A police area is the area for which a territorial police force in the United Kingdom is responsible for policing.

England Country in north-west Europe, part of the United Kingdom

England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to the west and Scotland to the north-northwest. The Irish Sea lies west of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain, which lies in the North Atlantic, and includes over 100 smaller islands, such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.

Wales Country in northwest Europe, part of the United Kingdom

Wales is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain. It is bordered by England to the east, the Irish Sea to the north and west, and the Bristol Channel to the south. It had a population in 2011 of 3,063,456 and has a total area of 20,779 km2 (8,023 sq mi). Wales has over 1,680 miles (2,700 km) of coastline and is largely mountainous, with its higher peaks in the north and central areas, including Snowdon, its highest summit. The country lies within the north temperate zone and has a changeable, maritime climate.

Contents

Police and Crime Commissioner elections were for 41 of the 43 territorial police forces in England and Wales; [6] only the City of London Police and Metropolitan Police were not involved (the elected Mayor of London is classed as the Police and Crime Commissioner for the Metropolitan Police Area, while the Court of Common Council fulfils the role for the City Police [7] ). Elections for Police and Crime Commissioners did not take place in Scotland or Northern Ireland as policing and justice powers are devolved to the Scottish Parliament and Northern Ireland Assembly.

City of London Police territorial police force within the City of London

The City of London Police is the territorial police force responsible for law enforcement within the City of London, including the Middle and Inner Temples. The force responsible for law enforcement within the remainder of the London region, outside the City, is the much larger Metropolitan Police Service, a separate organisation. The City of London, which is now primarily a financial business district with a small resident population but a large commuting workforce, is the historic core of London, and has an administrative history distinct from that of the rest of the metropolis, of which its separate police force is one manifestation.

Metropolitan Police Service territorial police force responsible for law enforcement in Greater London

The Metropolitan Police Service (MPS), formerly and still commonly known as the Metropolitan Police and informally as the Met, is the territorial police force responsible for law enforcement in the Metropolitan Police District, which currently consists of the 32 London boroughs. The MPD does not include the "square mile" of the City of London which is policed by the much smaller City of London Police.

Mayor of London head of the government of Greater London

The Mayor of London is the executive of the Greater London Authority. The current Mayor is Sadiq Khan, who took up office on 9 May 2016. The position was held by Ken Livingstone from the creation of the role on 4 May 2000, until he was defeated in May 2008 by Boris Johnson, who served two terms before being succeeded by Khan.

The elections were marked by very low turnouts, between 10–20%, and numbers of spoilt votes (somewhat higher than other elections under the same voting system [8] [9] ), sparking a debate about their legitimacy and organisation. [10] The day after the election, former Home Secretary Charles Clarke suggested that, because of the low turnout and high number of spoilt ballot papers, there was no popular mandate for the new commissioners. The Electoral Commission said that it would be reviewing the results. [11]

Home Secretary United Kingdom government cabinet minister

Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for the Home Department, normally referred to as the Home Secretary, is a senior official as one of the Great Offices of State within Her Majesty's Government and head of the Home Office. It is a British Cabinet level position.

Charles Clarke British Labour Party politician

Charles Rodway Clarke is an English Labour Party politician, who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Norwich South from 1997 until 2010, and served as Home Secretary from December 2004 until May 2006.

Election details

England and Wales Police and Crime Commission voter turnout in 2012. England and Wales Police and Crime Commission voter turnout 2012 map.png
England and Wales Police and Crime Commission voter turnout in 2012.

Commissioners have a set four-year term of office and a maximum of two terms. [12]

The election used the supplementary vote system: voters marked the ballot paper with their first and second choices of candidate. If no candidate got a majority of first preference votes, the top two candidates went on to a second round in which second preference votes of the eliminated candidates were allocated to them to produce a winner. This is the system used to elect London's mayor. [13] Section 57 of the Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011 directs that the voting system is First past the post if there are only two candidates for a specific Commissioner region. (This was the case in the North Yorkshire, Staffordshire and Dyfed-Powys police force areas) [14]

Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011

The Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It transfers the control of police forces from police authorities to elected Police and Crime Commissioners. The first police commissioner elections were held in November 2012. The next elections took place in May 2016 and will subsequently take place every four years.

North Yorkshire Police

North Yorkshire Police is the territorial police force covering the non-metropolitan county of North Yorkshire and the unitary authority of York in northern England. The force covers England's largest county and comprises three area command units. As of March 2013 the force had a strength of 1,370 police officers, 158 Special Constables, 173 PCSOs and 1,095 police staff.

Staffordshire Police

Staffordshire Police is the territorial police force responsible for policing Staffordshire and Stoke-on-Trent in the West Midlands of England. It is made up of eleven Local Policing Teams, whose boundaries are matched to the nine local authorities within Staffordshire.

A dedicated website was launched providing information on all candidates [15] from which voters could request hardcopy information leaflets printed to order. [16] [17]

All registered electors (British, Irish, Commonwealth and European Union citizens) living in England and Wales (except London) who were aged 18 or over on Thursday 15 November 2012 were entitled to vote in the PCC elections. [18] Those who were temporarily away from their ordinary address (for example, away working, on holiday, in student accommodation or in hospital) could still vote in the PCC elections. [19] Those who were registered to vote at more than one address (such as a university student who has a term-time address and lives at home during holidays) were entitled to vote in the PCC elections at both addresses, as long as they were not in the same police force area. [20]

The deadline to register to vote in the PCC elections was midnight on Wednesday 31 October 2012, though anyone who qualified as an anonymous elector had until midnight on Thursday 8 November 2012 to register. [21] Nominations for candidates closed at midday on Friday 19 October 2012, and the official list of nominated candidates was published on Tuesday 23 October 2012. [22]

Electoral Commission

On 11 September 2012 the Electoral Commission, the independent elections watchdog in the UK, announced it would run a public awareness campaign from Monday 22 October 2012 until polling day 15 November 2012. A booklet was sent to every household in England and Wales with factual information on the PCC elections. The Commission also published a briefing note setting out the steps that needed to be taken to ensure the Police and Crime Commissioner elections were well run. [23] Jenny Watson, Chair of the Electoral Commission, said: "While we don’t agree with the decisions taken by the Government about how to make people aware of these elections, it’s now time to focus on making the arrangements work for voters." [24]

Party positions

Liberal Democrat Candidates in England and Wales. PCC elections 2012 Map of Liberal Democrat candidates.svg
Liberal Democrat Candidates in England and Wales.
UKIP Candidates in England and Wales. PCC elections 2012 Map of UKIP candidates.svg
UKIP Candidates in England and Wales.

Both Labour and the Conservatives fielded candidates in all 41 elections, while the Liberal Democrats fielded 24 candidates (all in England) and UKIP fielded 23 candidates in England and one in North Wales. The English Democrats fielded five candidates, the Green Party had just one candidate, and the British Freedom Party also had one candidate. Plaid Cymru did not stand any candidates for the four Welsh constabularies. There were 57 other candidates; 54 stood as independents and three stood under other labels (Justice and Anti-Corruption, Campaign to Stop Politicians Running Policing and Zero Tolerance Policing ex Chief).

Party funding

Candidates standing for election were required to post a £5,000 deposit, which was returned if they received at least 5 per cent of the vote.

The Labour Party initially considered not fielding candidates under party colours in favour of[ clarification needed ] independent candidates, claiming that running candidates would politicise police forces. [25] However the party later changed its position, letting candidates stand as Labour candidates and funding their deposits.

The Conservative Party Central Office did not provide any funding for Conservative candidates, leaving them either to fund deposits out of their own pockets or to be funded by local Conservative associations. [26]

The Liberal Democrats Federal Executive Committee voted against providing funds for regional parties who wished to stand candidates. [27]

Turnout

In August 2012 the Electoral Reform Society predicted that Government mishandling of the elections was likely to lead to the lowest election turnout in UK peacetime history. [28]

Turnout was low for the elections across England and Wales: below 20% in most areas [29] — with a total turnout of 15.1%. Lack of information (both on the election itself and from the candidates) and the November timing of the election were cited as reasons for the low turnout. [30] It was also argued that the election should have been held on the same day as local elections. [31]

Results

Overall results

Party [32] Votes won% votesStoodSeats% seats
Labour 1,716,02432.0411331.7
Conservative 1,480,32327.6411634.8
Independent 1,238,98323.1521126.8
Liberal Democrat 383,8877.2240—
UKIP 375,5877.0240—
English Democrat 59,3081.150—
Zero Tolerance Policing34,3780.6112.4
Campaign to Stop Politicians Running Policing27,3450.510—
Justice and Anti-Corruption24,4430.510—
British Freedom 8,6750.210—
Green 8,4840.210—

Turnout: 15.1%

England

Avon and Somerset Constabulary

  • Bob Ashford was the original Labour candidate, [33] [34] but stood down on 8 August due to a conviction, received when aged 13, [35] [36] and was replaced by Dr John Savage, a businessman who chairs a local NHS hospital trust. [37]
  • Cllr Pete Levy was the Liberal Democrat candidate. [38]
  • Cllr Ken Maddock, former leader of Somerset County Council, was the Conservative candidate. [39] [40]
  • Sue Mountstevens, a Bristol magistrate, was an independent candidate. [41]
  • Ian Kealey was selected as the UKIP candidate, but withdrew. [42]
Avon and Somerset Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [43] [44] [45]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Independent Sue Mountstevens 83,98535.8%41,719125,70464.9%
​​
Conservative Ken Maddock57,09424.4%10,74867,84235.1%
​​
Labour John Savage49,98921.3%
​​
Liberal Democrat Pete Levy43,44618.5%
​​
Turnout 234,51418.8%
Rejected ballots9,1903.8%
Total votes243,70419.56%
Registered electors 1,246,031
Independent win
Breakdown of turnout

The turnout is broken down as follows:

NumberExplanation
234,514 [43] Total ballots verified and counted and valid
9,190 [43] [44] Spoilt ballots
243,704 [43] [44] Total ballots verified and counted
338 [43] Ballot papers not counted
244,042 [43] [44] Total ballots verified (initial estimate)
79Revision after South Gloucestershire Council figure changed to 33,512 [45] from 33,591 [43]
243,963 [45] Total ballots verified (after South Gloucestershire Council revision)

Bedfordshire Police

Olly Martins Olly Martins.jpg
Olly Martins
Bedfordshire Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [48] [49] [50]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Labour Olly Martins 27,94734.0%8,01135,95852.8%
​​
Conservative Jas Parmar26,22631.9%5,87432,10047.2%
​​
Liberal Democrat Linda Jack11,20513.6%
​​
British Freedom Kevin Carroll8,67510.6%
​​
Independent Mezanur Rashid8,0769.8%
​​
Turnout 82,12917.8%
Rejected ballots2,0412.4%
Total votes84,17018.2
Registered electors 462,823
Labour win
Breakdown of turnout

The turnout is broken down as follows:

NumberExplanation
82,129 [51] Total ballots verified (initial estimate)
2,041Spoilt ballots (=3 [52] + 874 [52] + 26 [52] + 4488 [52] + 2211 [52] )
84,170 [52] Total ballots verified (final estimate)

Cambridgeshire Constabulary

  • Ansar Ali, a member of the Police Authority, stood as an independent candidate. [38] [53]
  • Graham Bright, former Conservative MP for Luton South, was the Conservative candidate, [53] [54] replacing former RAF officer Air commodore John Pye, who was initially selected as the Conservative candidate but later stood down. [39]
  • Paul Bullen, a magistrate, was the UKIP candidate. [53] [55]
  • Stephen Goldspink, former Peterborough councillor, stood for the English Democrats. [53] [56]
  • Farooq Mohammed stood as an independent candidate. [53]
  • Rupert Moss-Eccardt, former Cambridge councillor, stood for the Liberal Democrats. [53]
  • Cllr Ed Murphy was the Labour candidate. [33] [38] [53]
Cambridgeshire Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [57]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Conservative Graham Bright 23,73126.8%7,90931,64055.7%
​​
Labour Ed Murphy17,57619.8%7,53825,11444.3%
​​
UKIP Paul Bullen14,50416.4%
​​
Independent Ansar Ali12,70614.3%
​​
Liberal Democrat Rupert Moss-Eccardt7,5308.5%
​​
English Democrat Stephen Goldspink7,2198.2%
​​
Independent Farooq Mohammed5,3376.0%
​​
Turnout 88,60314.8%
Rejected ballots2,8923.2%
Total votes91,49515.3
Registered electors 599,894
Conservative win

Cheshire Constabulary

  • Ainsley Arnold, Vice Chairman of Cheshire Police Authority, was the Liberal Democrat candidate. [58]
  • Louise Bours, a former councillor and Mayor of Congleton, was the UKIP candidate. [58]
  • John Dwyer, former assistant chief constable of Cheshire, was the Conservative candidate. [39]
  • Sarah Flannery, a businesswoman, stood as an independent. [58]
  • Cllr John Stockton was the Labour candidate. [33] [59]
Cheshire Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [60]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Conservative John Dwyer 40,12236.8%8,46948,59156.5%
​​
Labour John Stockton30,97428.4%6,37637,35043.5%
​​
Independent Sarah Flannery18,59617.1%
​​
Liberal Democrat Ainsley Arnold10,6539.8%
​​
UKIP Louise Bours 8,5577.9%
​​
Turnout 108,90213.7%
Rejected ballots2,4152.2%
Total votes111,31714.0
Registered electors 792,852
Conservative win

Cleveland Police

  • Sultan Allam was an Independent.
  • Cllr Barry Coppinger was the Labour candidate. [33]
  • Cllr Ken Lupton was the Conservative candidate. [39]
  • Cllr Joe Michna was the Green Party candidate.
Cleveland Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [61] [62]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Labour Barry Coppinger 25,69141.6%5,64931,34060.8%
​​
Conservative Ken Lupton16,04726.0%4,12420,17139.2%
​​
Independent Sultan Alam11,56118.7%
​​
Green Joe Michna8,48413.7%
​​
Turnout 61,78314.7%
Rejected ballots
Total votes
Registered electors 419,397
Labour win

Cumbria Constabulary

  • Cllr Pru Jupe was the Liberal Democrat candidate.
  • Patrick Leonard was the Labour candidate. [33]
  • Richard Rhodes, a magistrate and former headmaster, was the Conservative candidate. [39]
  • Cllr Mary Robinson stood as an independent candidate.
Cumbria Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [63] [64] [65]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Conservative Richard Rhodes 18,08029.0%7,32825,40855.6%
​​
Labour Patrick Leonard15,30124.6%5,01620,31744.4%
​​
Independent Mary Robinson15,24524.5%
​​
Liberal Democrat Pru Jupe13,62521.9%
​​
Turnout 62,24915.9%
Rejected ballots2,0143.1%
Total votes64,26316.4
Registered electors 392,285
Conservative win

Derbyshire Constabulary

  • Alan Charles, Police Authority Deputy, was the Labour candidate. [33]
  • David Gale, a businessman, was the UKIP candidate.
  • Rod Hutton, a former Police Officer, stood as an independent.
  • Cllr Simon Spencer, Deputy Leader of Derbyshire County Council, was the Conservative candidate. [39]
Derbyshire Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [66] [67] [68]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Labour Alan Charles 50,02844.3%7,22057,24861.1%
​​
Conservative Simon Spencer27,69024.5%8,77936,46938.9%
​​
UKIP David Gale18,09716.0%
​​
Independent Rod Hutton17,09315.1%
​​
Turnout 112,90814.4%
Rejected ballots3,0492.6%
Total votes115,95714.7
Registered electors 786,417
Labour win

Devon and Cornwall Police

  • Brian Blake, a former Devon and Cornwall Constabulary and Ministry of Defence Police Officer with three decades service with Devon and Cornwall Police and thirteen years service with the Ministry of Defence Police, stood for the Liberal Democrats. [69]
  • Brian Greenslade, former Chairman of Devon & Cornwall Police Authority, former Liberal Democrat Chairman of Devon County Council and Resources Chair and Board Member APA, stood as an independent. [39]
  • Commodore Tony Hogg, Commanding Officer of RNAS Culdrose, was the Conservative candidate. [39]
  • Ivan Jordan RIBA, chartered architect and farmer, stood as an independent [70]
  • William Morris, Secretary General of the Next Century Foundation (NFC) and Chairman of the International Council for Press and Broadcasting, stood as an independent candidate. [71]
  • John Smith, a former Chairman of Devon & Cornwall Police Authority and former Liberal Democrat Devon County Councillor, stood as an independent. [72]
  • Nicky Williams was the Labour candidate. [33]
Devon and Cornwall Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [73]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Conservative Tony Hogg 55,25729.0%14,16269,41965.1%
​​
Independent Brian Greenslade24,71913.0%12,52437,24334.9%
​​
Labour Nicky Williams24,19612.7%
​​
Liberal Democrat Brian Blake23,94812.6%
​​
UKIP Robert Smith16,4338.6%
​​
Independent Ivan Jordan12,3826.5%
​​
Independent William Morris 10,5865.6%
​​
Independent John Smith10,1715.3%
​​
Independent Graham Calderwood8,6674.6%
​​
Independent Tam Macpherson4,3062.3%
​​
Turnout 190,66514.7%
Rejected ballots6,3393.2%
Total votes197,00415.1
Registered electors 1,300,925
Conservative win

Dorset Police

Dorset Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [75] [76]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Independent Martyn Underhill 43,42545.2%8,50551,93060.1%
​​
Conservative Nick King31,16532.4%3,28634,45139.9%
​​
Labour Rachel Rogers11,59612.1%
​​
Liberal Democrat Andy Canning9,96310.4%
​​
Turnout 96,14916.3%
Rejected ballots2,5272.6%
Total votes98,67616.8
Registered electors 588,458
Independent win

Durham Constabulary

Durham Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [78]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Labour Ron Hogg 36,17151.6%
​​
Independent Kingsley Smith18,81326.8%
​​
UKIP Michael Costello8,25711.8%
​​
Conservative Nick Varley6,9009.8%
​​
Turnout 70,14114.4%
Rejected ballots1,4452.0%
Total votes71,58614.7
Registered electors 486,264
Labour win

Essex Police

  • Nick Alston, a retired naval officer and director in the Civil Service, was the Conservative candidate. [39] [79]
  • Linda Belgrove, former Vice Chair of Essex Police Authority, was an independent candidate.
  • Val Morris Cook, deputy leader of Thurrock Council, was the Labour candidate. [33]
  • Andrew Smith, a businessman, was the UKIP candidate.
  • Mick Thwaites, a former chief superintendent, stood as an independent. [46]
  • Robin Tilbrook, National Chairman of the English Democrats, stood as the English Democrats' candidate. [46]
Essex Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [80] [81]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Conservative Nick Alston 51,32530.5%11,02562,35051.5%
​​
Independent Mick Thwaites40,13223.9%18,53258,66448.5%
​​
Labour Val Morris-Cook27,92616.6%
​​
Independent Linda Belgrove22,16313.2%
​​
UKIP Andrew Smith15,1389.0%
​​
English Democrat Robin Tilbrook 11,5506.9%
​​
Turnout 168,23412.8%
Rejected ballots3,4522.0%
Total votes171,68613.1
Registered electors 1,313,745
Conservative win

Gloucestershire Constabulary

  • Victoria Atkins, a lawyer, was the Conservative candidate. [39]
  • Alistair Cameron, former leader of Cheltenham Borough Council, was the Liberal Democrat candidate. [82]
  • Rupi Dhanda, a lawyer, was the Labour candidate. [33]
  • Retired Superintendent Martin Surl stood as an independent [46]
Gloucestershire Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [83] [84] [85] [86]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Independent Martin Surl 27,67635.3%8,91036,58653.1%
​​
Conservative Victoria Atkins 28,42236.2%3,91732,33946.9%
​​
Labour Rupi Dhanda13,74117.5%
​​
Liberal Democrat Alistair Cameron8,66311.0%
​​
Turnout 78,50216.0%
Rejected ballots2,1152.6%
Total votes80,61716.0
Registered electors 491,776
Independent win

Greater Manchester Police

Tony Lloyd Tony Lloyd.JPG
Tony Lloyd
  • Matt Gallagher, a former police officer, was the Liberal Democrat candidate. [87]
  • Tony Lloyd, Labour MP for Manchester Central until he resigned to fight this election, was the Labour candidate. [33] [46]
  • Roy Warren, a magistrate, stood as an independent candidate.
  • Michael Winstanley was the Conservative candidate. [39]
  • Steven Woolfe, a lawyer, was the UKIP candidate.
Greater Manchester Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [88] [89] [90]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Labour Tony Lloyd 139,43751.2%
​​
Conservative Michael Winstanley42,47815.6%
​​
Liberal Democrat Matt Gallagher40,31814.8%
​​
Independent Roy Warren26,6649.8%
​​
UKIP Steven Woolfe 23,2568.6%
​​
Turnout 272,15313.59%
Rejected ballots6,8232.5%
Total votes278,97613.9
Registered electors 2,002,309
Labour win

Hampshire Constabulary

  • Cllr David Goodall, an Eastleigh Borough Councillor, was the Liberal Democrat Candidate. [91]
  • Simon Hayes was an independent. [92] He is Chairman of Hampshire and Isle of Wight Crimestoppers, Conservative Councillor and former Chair of Hampshire Police Authority.
  • Michael Mates, former Conservative MP for East Hampshire, was the Conservative candidate. [39]
  • Cllr Jacqui Rayment was the Labour candidate. [39]
  • Cllr Stephen West, after departing from the Conservative Party, was the UKIP candidate. [93]
Hampshire Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [94] [95]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Independent Simon Hayes 47,63222.48%33,03780,66955.1%
​​
Conservative Michael Mates 52,61624.83%13,18865,80444.9%
​​
Labour Jacqui Rayment38,81318.32%
​​
Liberal Democrat David Goodall27,19712.84%
​​
Justice and Anti-CorruptionDon Jerrard24,44311.53%
​​
UKIP Stephen West21,18510.00%
​​
Turnout 211,88614.63%
Rejected ballots5,5952.57%
Total votes217,48115.02
Registered electors 1,448,374
Independent win

Hertfordshire Constabulary

  • Cllr Sherma Batson was the Labour candidate. [33]
  • Cllr David Lloyd was the Conservative candidate. [39]
  • Marion Mason, a former councillor, was the UKIP candidate.
  • Cllr Christopher Townsend was the Liberal Democrat candidate. [96]
Hertfordshire Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [97] [98] [99]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Conservative David Lloyd 54,68645.89%10,89965,58560.5%
​​
Labour Sherma Batson34,52828.98%8,30242,83039.5%
​​
Liberal Democrat Christopher Townsend16,79014.09%
​​
UKIP Marion Mason13,15411.04%
​​
Turnout 119,15814.10%
Rejected ballots3,7973.09%
Total votes122,95514.55
Registered electors 845,253
Conservative win

Humberside Police

John Prescott in June 2007 John Prescott on his last day as Deputy Prime Minister, June 2007.jpg
John Prescott in June 2007
Humberside Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [104] [105]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Conservative Matthew Grove 29,44022.01%12,72442,16451.4%
​​
Labour John Prescott 33,28224.88%6,65139,93348.6%
​​
Independent Paul Davison28,80721.54%
​​
UKIP Godfrey Bloom 21,48416.06%
​​
Liberal Democrat Simone Butterworth11,6558.71%
​​
Independent Walter Sweeney 5,1183.83%
​​
Independent Neil Eyre3,9762.97%
​​
Turnout 133,76219.15%
Rejected ballots2,3031.69%
Total votes136,06519.48
Registered electors 698,556
Conservative win

Kent Police

Kent Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [113] [114]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Independent Ann Barnes 95,90146.80%18,236114,13765.5%
​​
Conservative Craig Mackinlay 51,67125.22%8,57760,24834.5%
​​
Labour Harriet Yeo 23,00511.23%
​​
UKIP Piers Wauchope15,8857.75%
​​
English Democrat Steven Uncles10,7895.27%
​​
Independent Dayantha Liyanage 7,6663.74%
​​
Turnout 204,91715.98%
Rejected ballots3,9311.88%
Total votes208,84816.29
Registered electors 1,281,968
Independent win

Lancashire Constabulary

  • Afzal Anwar, a barrister, was the Liberal Democrat candidate.
  • Cllr Tim Ashton, of Lancashire County Council was the Conservative candidate. [39]
  • Cllr Robert Drobny, former Deputy Mayor of Preesall, was the UKIP candidate.
  • Cllr Clive Grunshaw, former chair of resources for the Lancashire Police Authority, was the Labour candidate. [33]
Lancashire Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [115] [116] [117]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Labour Clive Grunshaw 66,01739.28%13,77379,79052.1%
​​
Conservative Tim Ashton58,42834.76%14,83473,26247.9%
​​
UKIP Robert Drobny25,22815.01%
​​
Liberal Democrat Afzal Anwar18,39610.95%
​​
Turnout 168,06915.05%
Rejected ballots4,6432.69%
Total votes172,71215.47
Registered electors 1,116,623
Labour win

Leicestershire Constabulary

Clive Loader Sir Clive Loader.jpg
Clive Loader
Leicestershire Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [123] [124] [125]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Conservative Sir Clive Loader 59,91548.43%4,74664,66155.5%
​​
Labour Sarah Russell42,50334.36%9,33251,83544.5%
​​
Independent Suleman Nagdi21,29217.21%
​​
Turnout 123,71015.92%
Rejected ballots3,3712.65%
Total votes127,08116.36
Registered electors 776,925
Conservative win

Lincolnshire Police

  • Mervyn Barrett, a crime reduction expert and former government advisor, stood as an independent [126] but withdrew. [127]
  • David Bowles, former Chief Executive of Lincolnshire County Council, stood as an independent under the banner 'Campaign to Stop Politicians Running Policing'. [128]
  • Cllr Richard Davies was the Conservative candidate. [39]
  • Cllr Paul Gleeson was the Labour candidate. [129]
  • Alan Hardwick, former TV presenter, stood as an independent. [130]
Lincolnshire Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [131] [132] [133] [134] [135]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Independent Alan Hardwick 26,27231.37%12,94939,22152.8%
​​
Campaign to Stop Politicians Running PolicingDavid Bowles27,34532.66%7,74135,08647.2%
​​
Conservative Richard Davies19,87223.73%
​​
Labour Paul Gleeson10,24712.24%
​​
Turnout 83,73615.28%
Rejected ballots1,8902.21%
Total votes85,62615.63
Registered electors 547,843
Independent win

Merseyside Police

Jane Kennedy Jane Kennedy.jpg
Jane Kennedy
  • Geoff Gubb, a businessman, was the Conservative candidate. [136] [137]
  • Hilary Jones, a magistrate, was the UKIP candidate.
  • Jane Kennedy, former Labour MP for Liverpool Wavertree, was the Labour candidate, having defeated Peter Kilfoyle, former MP for Liverpool Walton in the nomination process. [33] [138]
  • Paula Keaveney, former Lib Dem councillor, was the Liberal Democrat candidate.
  • Kiron Reid was an independent candidate. A lecturer in law at Liverpool University, former Liverpool City Councillor for Anfield and Merseyside Police Authority member, Reid was a Liberal Democrat activist previously. [139]
Merseyside Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [140] [141]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Labour Jane Kennedy 70,88456.18%
​​
Conservative Geoff Gubb15,87012.58%
​​
Independent Kiron Reid14,37911.40%
​​
Liberal Democrat Paula Keaveney9,1927.29%
​​
UKIP Hilary Jones8,7046.90%
​​
English Democrat Paul Rimmer7,1425.66%
​​
Turnout 126,17112.44%
Rejected ballots2,9152.26%
Total votes129,08612.73
Registered electors 1,014,183
Labour win

Norfolk Constabulary

  • Colonel Jamie Athill was the Conservative candidate. [39]
  • Stephen Bett, a former Conservative county councillor and former police authority chairman, stood as an independent candidate. [142]
  • Cllr James Joyce, a Norfolk county councillor and former Norfolk Police Authority member, was the Liberal Democrat candidate. [143]
  • Cllr Steve Morphew, former leader of Norwich City Council, was the Labour candidate. [33] [46]
Norfolk Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [144] [145]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Independent Stephen Bett 27,84228.66%12,14639,98852.2%
​​
Conservative Jamie Athill30,83431.74%5,77136,60547.8%
​​
Labour Steve Morphew21,45622.08%
​​
UKIP Matthew Smith9,6339.91%
​​
Liberal Democrat James Joyce7,3927.61%
​​
Turnout 97,15714.51%
Rejected ballots3,2513.24%
Total votes100,40815.00
Registered electors 669,387
Independent win

North Yorkshire Police

With two candidates, the voting system was first past the post. [146]

North Yorkshire Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [147] [148]
PartyCandidateVotes%±
Conservative Julia Mulligan 47,88558.25%N/A
Labour Ruth Potter34,32841.75%N/A
Turnout 82,21313.25%N/A
Rejected ballots6,4067.23%N/A
Total votes88,61914.28N/A
Registered electors 620,497
Conservative win

Northamptonshire Constabulary

  • Lee Barron, the Labour candidate, announced his intention to withdraw on 31 October, when he revealed that he had committed a minor offence 22 years ago, which meant that he would be ineligible to take up the post if elected. As he missed the official deadline to withdraw, his name still appeared on the ballot paper as the Labour Party candidate. [149]
  • Jim MacArthur stood for UKIP. [38]
  • John Norrie was an independent candidate. [150]
  • Adam Simmonds was the Conservative candidate. [39]
  • Paul Varnsverry, former Northampton borough councillor, was the Liberal Democrat candidate.
Northamptonshire Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [151]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Conservative Adam Simmonds 30,43630.08%10,48740,92357.3%
​​
Labour Lee Barron25,09824.81%5,45330,55142.7%
​​
Independent John Norrie19,27619.05%
​​
UKIP Jim MacArthur18,96318.74%
​​
Liberal Democrat Paul Varnsverry7,3947.31%
​​
Turnout 101,16719.50%
Rejected ballots3,4743.32%
Total votes104,64120.17
Registered electors 518,829
Conservative win

Northumbria Police

  • Vera Baird, former Labour MP for Redcar, was the Labour candidate having defeated Hilton Dawson, former MP for Lancaster and Wyre in the nomination process. [33] [46]
  • Alistair Baxter, a businessman with 40 years of experience, was the candidate for UKIP. [152]
  • Phil Butler, a former Detective Inspector and Newcastle upon Tyne resident, was the Conservative candidate. [39]
  • Peter Andras, a Councillor for Jesmond in Newcastle upon Tyne and a Newcastle University lecturer, was the Liberal Democrat candidate.
Northumbria Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [153] [154]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Labour Vera Baird 100,17056.02%
​​
Conservative Phil Butler45,84525.64%
​​
UKIP Alistair Baxter18,87610.56%
​​
Liberal Democrat Peter Andras13,9167.78%
​​
Turnout 178,80716.45%
Rejected ballots3,8872.13%
Total votes182,69416.80
Registered electors 1,087,220
Labour win

Nottinghamshire Police

  • Dr Raj Chandran, a retired GP, stood as an independent candidate. [155]
  • Tony Roberts, Newark and Sherwood District councillor, was the Conservative candidate after the former leader of Bassetlaw District Council, Mike Quigley, pulled out due to a "minor offence" committed in 1968. [156]
  • Malcolm Spencer, a former detective who served with the police force for 30 years, stood as an independent candidate. [155]
  • Paddy Tipping, former Labour MP for Sherwood, was the Labour candidate. [33] [46]
Nottinghamshire Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [157] [158] [159]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Labour Paddy Tipping 57,35643.13%8,56365,91955.5%
​​
Independent Malcolm Spencer30,26322.76%22,52652,78944.5%
​​
Conservative Tony Roberts26,30419.78%
​​
Independent Raj Chandran19,05014.33%
​​
Turnout 132,97316.42%
Rejected ballots2,7692.04%
Total votes135,74216.77
Registered electors 809,594
Labour win

South Yorkshire Police

South Yorkshire Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [164]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Labour Shaun Wright 74,61551.35%
​​
English Democrat David Allen22,60815.56%
​​
Conservative Nigel Bonson21,07514.51%
​​
UKIP Jonathan Arnott 16,77311.54%
​​
Liberal Democrat Robert Teal10,2237.04%
​​
Turnout 145,29414.53%
Rejected ballots
Total votes
Registered electors 1,000,015
Labour win

Shaun Wright resigned on 16 September 2014, necessitating the South Yorkshire Police and Crime Commissioner by-election, 2014

Staffordshire Police

With two candidates, the voting system was first past the post.

Staffordshire Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [165] [166]
PartyCandidateVotes%±
Conservative Matthew Ellis 51,23751.85%N/A
Labour Joy Garner47,58948.15%N/A
Turnout 98,82611.63%N/A
Rejected ballots2,8432.80%N/A
Total votes101,66911.96N/A
Registered electors 849,784
Conservative win

Suffolk Constabulary

  • Jane Basham was the Labour candidate. [33]
  • David Cocks was an independent candidate . [167]
  • Cllr Tim Passmore was the Conservative candidate. [39]
Suffolk Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [168] [169] [170] [171]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Conservative Tim Passmore 29,80535.00%7,14136,94651.3%
​​
Labour Jane Basham29,96735.19%5,03835,00548.7%
​​
Independent David Cocks14,21716.69%
​​
UKIP Bill Mountford11,17913.13%
​​
Turnout 85,16815.41%
Rejected ballots3,3303.76%
Total votes88,49816.01
Registered electors 552,780
Conservative win

Surrey Police

  • Robert Evans, former Labour MEP, was the Labour candidate. [33]
  • Kevin Hurley stood as Zero Tolerance Policing Ex Chief. [38]
  • Julie Iles, a magistrate, was the Conservative candidate. [39]
  • Nick O'Shea was the Liberal Democrat candidate. [172]
  • Peter Williams, the former chairman of Surrey Police Authority, was an independent candidate. [38]
Surrey Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [173]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Zero Tolerance Policing ex Chief Kevin Hurley 34,37826.12%18,41552,79353.9%
​​
Conservative Julie Iles34,39126.13%10,67745,06846.1%
​​
Independent Peter Williams26,29219.97%
​​
Labour Robert Evans 17,38413.21%
​​
UKIP Robert Shatwell10,6848.12%
​​
Liberal Democrat Nick O'Shea8,5036.46%
​​
Turnout 131,63215.36%
Rejected ballots
Total votes
Registered electors 856,968
Zero Tolerance Policing ex Chief win

Sussex Police

Sussex Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [178] [179]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Conservative Katy Bourne 59,63531.51%20,39380,02859.0%
​​
Labour Godfrey Daniel40,76521.54%14,83755,60241.0%
​​
Independent Ian Chisnall38,93020.57%
​​
UKIP Tony Armstrong29,32715.50%
​​
Liberal Democrat David Rogers20,57910.87%
​​
Turnout 189,23615.33%
Rejected ballots5,9823.06%
Total votes195,21815.82
Registered electors 1,234,166
Conservative win

Thames Valley Police

Thames Valley Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [181] [182]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Conservative Anthony Stansfeld 76,01134.70%18,22794,23857.2%
​​
Labour Tim Starkey56,63125.85%13,77270,40342.8%
​​
Independent Geoff Howard31,71614.48%
​​
Liberal Democrat John Howson20,5119.36%
​​
UKIP Barry Cooper19,3248.82%
​​
Independent Patience Tayo Awe14,8786.79%
​​
Turnout 219,07112.90%
Rejected ballots7,4453.29%
Total votes226,51613.34
Registered electors 1,698,041
Conservative win

Warwickshire Police

Warwickshire Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [184]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Independent Ron Ball 21,41033.30%11,82133,23156.9%
​​
Labour James Plaskitt 22,30834.70%2,89225,20043.1%
​​
Conservative Fraser Pithie20,57132.00%
​​
Turnout 64,28915.23%
Rejected ballots1,7962.72%
Total votes66,08515.65
Registered electors 422,189
Independent win

West Mercia Police

West Mercia Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [186]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Independent Bill Longmore 50,90037.75%21,05571,95556.9%
​​
Conservative Adrian Blackshaw49,29836.56%5,20154,49943.1%
​​
Labour Simon Murphy 34,65225.70%
​​
Turnout 134,85014.54%
Rejected ballots4,2733.07%
Total votes139,12315.00
Registered electors 927,649
Independent win

West Midlands Police

Bob Jones died on 1 July 2014, necessitating the West Midlands Police and Crime Commissioner by-election, 2014. [188]

West Midlands Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [189]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Labour Bob Jones 100,13042.00%17,285117,41567.8%
​​
Conservative Matt Bennett44,13018.51%11,55555,68532.2%
​​
Independent Cath Hannon30,77812.91%
​​
UKIP Bill Etheridge 17,5637.37%
​​
Independent Derek Webley17,4887.34%
​​
Liberal Democrat Ayoub Khan15,4136.47%
​​
Independent Mike Rumble12,8825.40%
​​
Turnout 238,38411.96%
Rejected ballots7,0632.88%
Total votes245,44712.31
Registered electors 1,993,998
Labour win

West Yorkshire Police

Mark Burns-Williamson Mark-Burns Williamson OBE.jpg
Mark Burns-Williamson
West Yorkshire Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [191] [192] [193]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Labour Mark Burns-Williamson 102,81747.88%11,919114,73661.5%
​​
Independent Cedric Christie49,29922.96%22,57771,87638.5%
​​
Conservative Geraldine Carter45,36521.13%
​​
Liberal Democrat Andrew Marchington17,2478.03%
​​
Turnout 214,72813.34%
Rejected ballots8,2773.71%
Total votes223,00513.85
Registered electors 1,609,615
Labour win

Wiltshire Police

  • Paul Batchelor was the Liberal Democrat candidate. [194] [195]
  • Cllr Angus Macpherson was the Conservative candidate. [39] [195]
  • Claire Moody was the Labour candidate. [33] [195]
  • John Short, a former deputy Chief Executive of Swindon Borough Council and then a councillor for Highworth ward (elected as a Conservative) was the UKIP candidate. [195] [196]
  • Liam Silcocks stood as an independent. [195] [197]
  • Counter terrorism specialist Colin Skelton was an independent candidate. [195] [198]
Wiltshire Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [199] [200]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Conservative Angus Macpherson 28,55836.24%6,76135,31962.5%
​​
Labour Claire Moody 16,19820.56%4,95921,15737.5%
​​
Independent Colin Skelton11,44614.53%
​​
Liberal Democrat Paul Batchelor10,13012.86%
​​
UKIP John Short7,2509.20%
​​
Independent Liam Silcocks5,2126.61%
​​
Turnout 78,79415.30%
Rejected ballots2,6833.29%
Total votes81,47715.83
Registered electors 514,855
Conservative win

Wales

Dyfed-Powys Police

With two candidates, the voting system was first past the post.

Dyfed-Powys Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [201]
PartyCandidateVotes%±
Conservative Christopher Salmon 32,88750.86%N/A
Labour Christine Gwyther 31,77349.14%N/A
Turnout 64,66016.38%N/A
Rejected ballots2,9124.31%N/A
Total votes67,57217.12N/A
Registered electors 394,784
Conservative win

Gwent Police

Gwent Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [204]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Independent Ian Johnston 23,53139.64%6,21729,74854.7%
​​
Labour Hamish Sandison23,08738.89%1,54924,63645.3%
​​
Conservative Nick Webb6,63011.17%
​​
Independent Christopher Wright6,11810.31%
​​
Turnout 59,36613.97%
Rejected ballots1,5552.55%
Total votes60,92114.34
Registered electors 424,903
Independent win

A polling station in Bettws in Newport had a turnout of zero. [205]

North Wales Police

North Wales Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [206]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Independent Winston Roddick 25,71533.07%9,97335,68856.8%
​​
Labour Tal Michael23,06629.67%4,06227,12843.2%
​​
Conservative Colm McCabe11,48514.77%
​​
Independent Richard Hibbs11,45314.73%
​​
UKIP Warwick Nicholson6,0347.76%
​​
Turnout 77,75314.83%
Rejected ballots2,1502.69%
Total votes79,90315.24
Registered electors 524,252
Independent win

South Wales Police

Alun Michael AlunMichael.JPG
Alun Michael
South Wales Police and Crime Commissioner election, 2012 [212]
PartyCandidate1st round2nd round
 First round votes  Transfer votes 
TotalOf roundTransfersTotalOf round
Labour Alun Michael 66,87946.95%5,37272,25154.3%
​​
Independent Michael A. Baker46,26432.48%14,52060,78445.7%
​​
Conservative Caroline Jones 20,91314.68%
​​
Independent Antonio Verderame8,3785.8%
​​
Turnout 142,43414.70%
Rejected ballots
Total votes
Registered electors 969,020
Labour win

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References

  1. ↑ "New Act puts public at the heart of policing". Home Office Service. 15 September 2011. Retrieved 19 September 2011.
  2. ↑ "Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011, Chapter 6, Holding of elections". legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 2 October 2011.
  3. ↑ "First elections for Police Commissioners set to take place in May 2012". ConservativeHome. 1 December 2010. Retrieved 19 September 2011.
  4. ↑ Stratton, Allegra (6 September 2011). "Lib Dem peers allow elected police commissioners scheme to go ahead". The Guardian . London. Retrieved 19 September 2011.
  5. ↑ Written answers HANSARD Theyworkforyou.com
  6. ↑ 1 "Section 156, Police Reform and Social Responsibility Bill". Parliament.uk. 15 July 2011. Retrieved 4 August 2011.
  7. ↑ "London". Police and Crime Commissioners. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
  8. ↑ Spoilt Ballots in the PCC Elections: What Do the Numbers Tell Us?, by Alan Renwick, 18 November 2012, Department of Politics and International Relations at the University of Reading
  9. ↑ Spoilt ballots point to protest in PCC elections, study suggests, by Alan Travis, The Guardian, 19 November 2012
  10. ↑ "As it happened: Police election results". BBC News. 17 November 2012.
  11. ↑ Kinder, Lucy (16 November 2012). "Police and crime commissioner elections and parliamentary by-elections: Live". London: Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
  12. ↑ Policing in the 21st Century: Reconnecting police and the people Home Office
  13. ↑ "BBC News – Q&A: Police and crime commissioners". Bbc.co.uk. 11 September 2012. Retrieved 11 October 2012.
  14. ↑ Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011 Legislation.gov.uk
  15. ↑ Theyworkforyou Written answers Theyworkforyou
  16. ↑ Written Answers HANSARD Theyworkforyou.com
  17. ↑ Written answerts HANSARD Theyworkforyou.com
  18. ↑ Section 52 of the PRaSRA 2011 Legislation.gov.uk
  19. ↑ "The Representation of the People (Form of Canvass) (England and Wales) Regulations 2006, Schedule Part 1". Legislation.gov.uk. 13 October 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2012.
  20. ↑ "I have two homes. Can I register at both addresses?". The Electoral Commission. Retrieved 5 January 2011.
  21. ↑ "Electoral Commission: Managing the 2012 canvass in England and Wales (excluding London)" (PDF). Retrieved 18 April 2012.
  22. ↑ "Police and Crime Commissioner Elections in England and Wales". The Electoral Commission. Retrieved 19 October 2012.
  23. ↑ "Briefing – Elections for Police and Crime Commissioners" (PDF). Electoral Commission. 11 September 2012. Retrieved 6 November 2012.
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