Lembaga Kemajuan Tanah Persekutuan | |
![]() Current Felda logo adopted since 2004 | |
![]() Felda Tower in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. | |
Government Agency overview | |
---|---|
Formed | 6 July 1956 |
Jurisdiction | Malaysia |
Headquarters | Felda Tower, Platinum Park, No. 11, Persiaran KLCC, 50088 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. |
Government Agency executives |
|
Parent Government Agency | Prime Minister Department |
Website | www |
The Federal Land Development Authority (Felda; Malay : Lembaga Kemajuan Tanah Persekutuan, LKTP) is a Malaysian government agency that was founded to handle the resettlement of rural poor into newly developed areas (colonies, settlements or schemes) and to organize smallholder farms growing cash crops.
Since the 1990s, it has not established new settlements, but has engaged in a diversified range of economic development and business activities.
Felda has launched a number of private corporate entities. The largest of these, FGV Holdings Berhad, is considered to be the world's largest plantation operator, with 811,140 hectares (2,004,400 acres) of oil palm plantations, mainly across Peninsular Malaysia, but also including other parts of Malaysia and the world. [1]
Felda was formed on 1 July 1956 when the Land Development Act came into force. [2] The first Felda colony was opened at Lurah Bilut, near Bentong in western Pahang in 1958, comprising 2946.88ha of land and focused on rubber. [3] In the 1960s and 1970s, government policy began to emphasize crop diversification, in an effort to avoid being affected if the world price of rubber were to drop precipitously. In 1961, Felda's first oil palm settlement opened, with 3.75 square kilometres (1.45 sq mi) of land. Oil palm gradually became the main cash crop within Felda colonies, and by 2000, 6,855.2 square kilometres (2,646.8 sq mi) (approximately 76%) of the land under Felda's programs are devoted to oil palms. [4]
More than 112,000 settlers were resettled in Felda colonies throughout Malaysia between 1958 and 1990. [5]
No new colonies were established since 1990; acceptance of new settlers or colonists also ceased that year. The latest colony to be developed was Sahabat II in Lahad Datu, eastern Sabah. The Malaysian government converted Felda into a statutory body in 1996, granting it financial autonomy. [6]
Felda focuses mainly on West Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia); other government agencies are responsible for land development in the states of Sabah and Sarawak, which form East Malaysia. [7]
Settlers were drawn from rural Malay poor. [8] They were to be aged between 21 and 50 years, married, and physically fit. Priority was given to those who did not own any land to farm. [4]
New settlers were assigned to a particular settlement, and were given 10 acres (4.0 ha), 12 acres (4.9 ha) or 14 acres (5.7 ha) [9] of land to cultivate usually either rubber or oil palms. [10] All settlers were required to reside at the settlement itself, and were allotted .25 acres (0.10 ha) in a planned village, where their home — already built by Felda — was located. Although basic infrastructure, such as water supply and electricity, used to be lacking, [11] nowadays such facilities are readily provided. Schools, medical centres, and places of worship are also provided. [12]
Originally, Felda schemes were designed as co-operatives, where instead of each settler owning a defined piece of land, each settler held an equal share in the ownership of the particular scheme. However, the settlers did not prefer this scheme, as workers who did not tend to the land properly still benefited (a sort of free rider problem). The government then set up a 3-phase plan, where in the first phase, the co-operative remained as a mechanism for the settlers to learn how to farm. In the second phase, each settler was given a specific plot of land to work, and in the third phase, he was given the land title to that plot. [4] However, the settler was forbidden from selling the land without permission from Felda or the Federal Government. [13]
The costs of acquiring, developing and allocating the land are borne by loans made to Felda settlers. These loans are repaid in monthly instalments deducted from the settlers' income over a 15-year period. [11]
Although settlers are supposed to focus on agricultural activities, it has been reported that a substantial number are also engaged in other activities, such as shopkeeping. Some are even employed in jobs outside the settlement. [11]
In recent years, the growth of urban areas has led to a substantial increase in the land value of some settlements. With permission, many settlers have sold their farms, becoming instant millionaires. [4]
Felda has diversified from its original business of land development, to other economic ventures — some of them entirely unrelated to land resettlement. The ventures include Koperasi Permodalan Felda (KPF) and FGV Holdings Berhad. In June 2012, FGV Holdings Berhad raised $3.1 billion from its IPO as the biggest IPO in Asia for year to date. [14]
Felda did not have a significant presence in Sarawak. There is only one Felda project in Sarawak, which is located at Kampung Sampadi, Lundu District, near Kuching. However, this project differs from typical Felda colonies in peninsular Malaysia that local villagers who are hired to work here were not allocated with or resettled to any of the lands worked on, unlike their counterparts in West Malaysia.[ citation needed ]
Oil palm development in Sarawak is under the purview of Sarawak Ministry of Land Development (MLDS) and Sarawak Ministry of Rural Development (MRDS). Meanwhile, Sarawak Ministry of Planning and Resource Management is responsible for land administration. There are two statutory bodies responsible of oil palm development, namely Sarawak Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Authority (SALCRA) and the Land Custody and Development Authority (LCDA). SALCRA uses a model of two-way partnership between the state agency and native land owners. Meanwhile, LCDA uses a joint venture model involving state agency, native land owners, and private investors. [17]
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link). Accessed 7 October 2007.{{cite book}}
: |journal=
ignored (help)Pahang, officially Pahang Darul Makmur with the Arabic honorific Darul Makmur is a sultanate and a federal state of Malaysia. It is the third largest state in the country and the largest state in Peninsular Malaysia by area, and ninth largest by population. The state occupies the basin of the Pahang River, and a stretch of the east coast as far south as Endau. Geographically located in the East Coast region of the Peninsular Malaysia, the state shares borders with the Malaysian states of Kelantan and Terengganu to the north, Perak, Selangor and Negeri Sembilan to the west, Johor to the south, while South China Sea is to the east. The Titiwangsa mountain range that forms a natural divider between the peninsula's east and west coasts is spread along the north and south of the state, peaking at Mount Tahan, which is 2,187 metres (7,175 ft) high. Although two thirds of the state is covered by dense rain forest, its central plains are intersected by numerous rivers, and along the coast there is a 32-kilometre (20 mi) wide expanse of alluvial soil that includes the deltas and estuarine plains of the Kuantan, Pahang, Rompin, Endau, and Mersing rivers.
Kulai is a town and the capital of Kulai District, Johor, Malaysia. It is administered by the Kulai Municipal Council (MPKu), which was earlier known as the Kulai District Council.
Malaysian Federal Roads System, is the main national road network in Malaysia. All Federal Roads in Malaysia are under the purview of the Ministry of Works (MOW). According to the Ministerial Functions Act 1969, the MOW is responsible to plan, build and maintain all Federal Roads gazetted under the Federal Roads Act 1959. However, most of the Federal roads' projects were built and maintained by the Malaysian Public Works Department (JKR), which is also one of the implementing agencies under the MOW.
National Grid, Malaysia is the high-voltage electric power transmission network in Peninsular Malaysia. It is operated and owned by Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) by its Transmission Division. There are two other electrical grids in Sabah and Sarawak operated by Sabah Electricity Sdn Bhd (SESB) and Sarawak Energy Berhad (SEB) respectively.
Federal Route 55 or Jalan Kuala Kubu Bharu–Teranum–Raub is a 62-km federal road connecting the states of Selangor and Pahang in Malaysia. It is the first federal road ever constructed in Pahang. The road connects Kuala Kubu Bharu, Selangor to Teranum near Raub in Pahang where it meets Federal Route 218. It is the main access route to Fraser's Hill.
The Second Malaysia Plan was an economic development plan introduced by the government of Malaysia with the goal of implementing the Malaysian New Economic Policy (NEP). It lasted from 1971 to 1975 and aimed to "restructure" the society of Malaysia and reduce Malaysian Chinese and foreign dominance in the economy of Malaysia so as to improve the economic position of the Malays. It was the successor to the First Malaysia Plan, which was also intended to specifically tackle the problem of poverty among the Malays. However, the First Malaysia Plan had limited success, which may have been a factor in the 13 May Incident in 1969 when race riots broke out in Kuala Lumpur. The Second Malaysia Plan had been regarded as excessive in its zeal to increase Malay participation in the economy, and the government accordingly scaled back the emphasis on restructuring the economy when the plan ended.
This article lists important figures and events in Malayan public affairs during the year 1960, together with births and deaths of significant Malayans.
Lurah Bilut is a town in Bentong District, Pahang, Malaysia. It is the oldest estate town in the country and also a constituency of the Pahang State Legislative Assembly. It is located along Federal Route 8 en route to Raub. This estate town was established in 1960 by the Federal Land Development Authority (Felda).
FELDA Mempaga is one of the FELDA settlements in Bentong District, Pahang, Malaysia. The Federal Land Development Authority is a Malaysian government agency handling the resettlement of rural poor into newly developed areas. The Mempaga Correctional Centre is one of the government agencies in the settlement.
BFM 89.9 is a Malaysian independent business and current affairs-oriented radio station.
Tradewinds Plantation Berhad is one of the largest oil palm and rubber plantation operators in Malaysia.
FGV Holdings Berhad is a Malaysian-based global agribusiness and food company. It is an affiliate of the Federal Land Development Authority (FELDA).
Palm oil production is vital for the economy of Malaysia, which is the world's second- largest producer of the commodity after Indonesia. The Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) is a government agency responsible for the promotion and development of the palm oil sector in the country. The country's palm oil industry produces about 90 million tonnes of lignocellulosic biomass, including empty fruit bunches, oil palm trunks, and oil palm fronds, as well as palm oil mill effluent (POME). In 2010, in response to concerns about social and environmental impact of palm oil, the Malaysian Government pledged to limit palm oil plantation expansion by retaining at least half of the nation's land as forest cover.
PPB Group Berhad is a Malaysian diversified conglomerate which engages in food production, agriculture, waste management, film distribution, property investment and development. PPB is also the single largest shareholder of Wilmar International, one of the leading palm oil producers and agribusiness companies in the world.
Sarawak Land Development Board (SLDB) was a Malaysian body corporate active in palm oil industry and other industries founded in 1972.
Mohd Isa bin Abdul Samad is a Malaysian politician. He was the longest serving Menteri Besar of Negeri Sembilan for 22 years from April 1982 to March 2004 and was a Minister of Federal Territories (2004–2005). Isa was a member and former vice-president of United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component of the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition until 2018 when he quit to become an Independent.
This is a list of events in the year 2019 in Malaysia.
Nucleus estate and smallholder (NES) is a farming system for commodity crops, often oil palm, practised in different world regions. It is most famous today for its application in the palm oil sector in Indonesia. The nucleus is the part of such a plantation that is under concession and management of the company, while another part of the plantation is operated by smallholders typically on their own land but planted by the company. NES farming is a particular form of contract farming.
The economy of Sarawak is the fourth-largest of the states of Malaysia, making up 9.3% of the Malaysian gross domestic product (GDP) in 2022. Meanwhile, Sarawak is home to 7.9% of the Malaysian population based on the 2020 census.