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The halophiles, named after the Greek word for "salt-loving", are extremophiles that thrive in high salt concentrations. While most halophiles are classified into the domain Archaea, there are also bacterial halophiles and some eukaryotic species, such as the alga Dunaliella salina and fungus Wallemia ichthyophaga. Some well-known species give off a red color from carotenoid compounds, notably bacteriorhodopsin. Halophiles can be found in water bodies with salt concentration more than five times greater than that of the ocean, such as the Great Salt Lake in Utah, Owens Lake in California, the Urmia Lake in Iran, the Dead Sea, and in evaporation ponds. They are theorized to be a possible candidate for extremophiles living in the salty subsurface water ocean of Jupiter's Europa and other similar moons.
Sporohalobacter are a genus of anaerobic bacteria belonging to the family Haloanaerobiaceae. The organisms are spore-forming bacteria that grow in hypersaline environments.
Halobacteroides halobius is a species of bacteria, the type species of its genus. It is a moderately halophilic, anaerobic, long rod-shaped, motile, Gram-negative and non-sporulating bacterium.
Aquibacillus albus is a Gram-positive, strictly anaerobic and moderately halophilic bacterium from the genus of Aquibacillus which has been isolated from the Lop Nur lake from Xinjiang in China.
Aquisalibacillus is a moderately halophilic, rod-shaped and non-motile genus of bacteria from the family of Bacillaceae with one known species.
Salinibacillus is a genus of bacteria from the family of Bacillaceae.
Saliterribacillus is a genus of bacteria from the family of Bacillaceae with one known species. Saliterribacillus persicus has been isolated from the Aran-Bidgol lake in Iran.
Sediminibacillus is a genus of bacteria from the family of Bacillaceae. Sediminibacillus species are halophilic bacteria and found in salty human stools and marine sponges. Sediminibacillus species are identified from Plakortis dariae sponge of the Saint Martin's island of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh.
Thiohalorhabdus is a Gram-negative, extremely halophilic and non-motile genus of bacteria from the class Gammaproteobacteria with one known species. Thiohalorhabdus denitrificans has been isolated from sediments from a hypersaline lake from Siberia in Russia.
Halospina is an extremely halophilic genus of bacteria from the family of Hahellaceae with one known species. Halospina denitrificans has been isolated from sediments from a hypersaline lake.
Methylohalomonas is a moderately halophilic and obligately methylotrophic genus of purple sulfur bacteria with one known species. Methylohalomonas lacus has been isolated from hypersaline lakes from the Kulunda Steppe in Russia.
Sedimenticola is a moderately halophilic and obligately chemolithoautotrophic, genus of bacteria from the class Gammaproteobacteria with one known species. Thiohalobacter thiocyanaticus has been isolated from sediments from hypersaline lakes from the Kulunda Steppe in Russia.
Natronovirga is a halophilic, thermophilic alkaliphilic, and anaerobic genus of bacteria from the family of Natranaerobiaceae with one known species. Natronovirga wadinatrunensis has been isolated from sediments from the Lake Hamra in Egypt.
Halovibrio denitrificans is an extremely halophilic and denitrifying bacterium from the genus of Halovibrio which has been isolated from sediments from a hypersaline lake from Central Asia.
Paramaledivibacter is a strictly anaerobic, slightly halophilic, non-spore-forming and moderately thermophilic genus of bacteria from the family of Clostridiaceae with one known species. Clostridium caminithermale has been reclassified to Paramaledivibacter caminithermalis. Paramaledivibacter caminithermalis has been isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent from the Atlantic Ocean Ridge.
Halanaerobium sehlinense is a Gram-negative, strictly anaerobic, extremely halophilic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Halanaerobium which has been isolated from sediments from the Sahline Sebkha in Tunisia.
Halanaerobacter jeridensis is an obligatory anaerobic and moderately halophilic bacterium from the genus of Halanaerobacter which has been isolated from the Jerid lake in Tunisia.
Halocella is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, obligately anaerobic and moderately halophilic genus of bacteria from the family of Halanaerobiaceae with one known species. Halocella cellulosilytica has been isolated from the hypersaline lagoon of the Lake Syvash on the Crimea.
Halanaerobium praevalens is a moderately alkaliphilic, extremely halophilic bacterium that was first isolated from surface sediments of the Great Salt Lake, Utah and described by J.G. Zeikus et al. in 1983, with IJSB validation in 1984.
Halanaeroarchaeum sulfurireducens is a halophilic archaeon in the family of Halobacteriaceae and the only described species in the genus Halanaeroarchaeum. In contrast to many of the known related halophilic archaea, H. sulfurireducens is anaerobic.
References
- 1 2 "Genus: Halanaerobaculum". lpsn.dsmz.de.
- ↑ "Halanaerobaculum". www.uniprot.org.
- 1 2 Hedi, Abdeljabbar; Fardeau, Marie-Laure; Sadfi, Najla; Boudabous, Abdellatif; Ollivier, Bernard; Cayol, Jean-Luc (March 2009). "Characterization of Halanaerobaculum tunisiense gen. nov., sp. nov., a new halophilic fermentative, strictly anaerobic bacterium isolated from a hypersaline lake in Tunisia". Extremophiles. 13 (2): 313–319. doi:10.1007/s00792-008-0218-y.
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