Hanley (UK Parliament constituency)

Last updated

Hanley
Former Borough constituency
for the House of Commons
County Staffordshire
1885–1950
SeatsOne
Created from Stoke-upon-Trent
Replaced by Stoke-on-Trent Central

Hanley was a borough constituency in Staffordshire which returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom between 1885 and 1950. Elections were held using the first past the post voting system.

Contents

History

The constituency was created for the 1885 general election. Before this, since 1832 a parliamentary borough of Stoke-upon-Trent had existed, covering almost the whole of what is now the Stoke-on-Trent conurbation and electing two MPs. In 1885, this was split into two constituencies electing a single member each, Stoke-upon-Trent in the south and Hanley in the north. Hanley became a parliamentary borough in its own right, and shortly afterwards also became a county borough.

The Hanley constituency in the 1885 to 1918 period included Burslem, as well as Hanley itself, and was one of the most populous urban constituencies in the country, with more than 100,000 inhabitants by the time of the First World War. Its main economic base was pottery, though both towns included substantial numbers of coal miners as well as pottery workers. Predominantly working class, it could be normally be considered a safe Liberal seat; however, the Conservatives managed a narrow victory as part of their national landslide in 1900, perhaps helped by lack of enthusiasm among the potters for the Liberal candidate, Enoch Edwards, who was one of the leaders of the miners' union. Edwards convincingly recaptured the seat in 1906, and with the rest of his union joined the Labour Party in 1909. At the by-election after his death, however, the Liberals regained the seat, with the Labour candidate a poor third.

By the time of the general election of 1918, the county borough of Hanley had been absorbed into an enlarged county borough of Stoke-on-Trent, and in the boundary changes implemented in that year the same process took place at parliamentary level. The new parliamentary borough of Stoke-on-Trent was accorded three seats in place of the two which the area had had since 1885, and was divided into three single-member constituencies, of which Stoke-on-Trent, Hanley was one. The new division was smaller than the old constituency, Burslem now having a seat of its own, and quickly became a safe Labour seat, though the Conservatives won it in their landslide year of 1931.

Hanley was abolished for the 1950 general election, being largely replaced by the new Stoke-on-Trent Central constituency.

Boundaries

1885–1918: The municipal boroughs of Hanley and Burslem, and so much of the parliamentary borough of Stoke-upon-Trent as lay to the north of Hanley, and was not included in the local government district of Tunstall. [1]

1918-1950: The County Borough of Stoke-on-Trent wards numbers nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, and sixteen. [2]

Members of Parliament

ElectionMemberParty
1885 William Woodall Liberal
1900 Arthur Heath Conservative
1906 Enoch Edwards Lib-Lab
1909 Labour
1912 by-election R. L. Outhwaite Liberal
1918 James Andrew Seddon Coalition NDP
1922 Myles Harper Parker Labour
1924 Samuel Clowes Labour
1928 by-election Arthur Hollins Labour
1931 Harold Hales Conservative
1935 Arthur Hollins Labour
1945 Barnett Stross Labour
1950 constituency abolished

Elections

Elections in the 1880s

General election 1885: Hanley [3]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal William Woodall 6,136 69.1
Conservative Francis Vers Wright [4] 2,73930.9
Majority3,39738.2
Turnout 8,87580.9
Registered electors 10,970
Liberal win (new seat)
General election 1886: Hanley [3]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal William Woodall Unopposed
Liberal hold

Elections in the 1890s

General election 1892: Hanley [3]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal William Woodall 5,825 59.3 N/A
Conservative Arthur Heath 3,99340.7New
Majority1,83218.6N/A
Turnout 9,81877.1N/A
Registered electors 12,742
Liberal hold Swing N/A
General election 1895: Hanley [3]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal William Woodall 5,653 51.3 −8.0
Conservative Arthur Heath 5,36748.7+8.0
Majority2862.6−16.0
Turnout 11,02085.4+8.3
Registered electors 12,897
Liberal hold Swing −8.0

Elections in the 1900s

General election 1900: Hanley [3]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Arthur Heath 6,586 52.6 +3.9
Lib-Lab Enoch Edwards 5,94447.4−3.9
Majority6425.2N/A
Turnout 12,53078.4−7.0
Registered electors 15,983
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +3.9
General election 1906: Hanley [3]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Lib-Lab Enoch Edwards 9,183 68.2 +20.8
Conservative Arthur Heath 4,28731.8−20.8
Majority4,89636.4N/A
Turnout 13,47083.4+5.0
Registered electors 16,156
Lib-Lab gain from Conservative Swing +20.8

Elections in the 1910s

Enoch Edwards Enoch Edwards.jpg
Enoch Edwards
General election January 1910: Hanley [3]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Enoch Edwards 9,199 63.9 -4.3
Conservative George Herman Rittner5,20236.1+4.3
Majority3,99727.8-8.6
Turnout 14,40187.1+3.7
Labour gain from Lib-Lab Swing -4.3
General election December 1910: Hanley [3]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Enoch Edwards 8,343 64.2 +0.3
Conservative George Herman Rittner4,65835.8-0.3
Majority3,68528.4+0.6
Turnout 13,00178.6-8.5
Labour hold Swing +0.3
RL Outhwaite RL Outhwaite.jpg
RL Outhwaite
1912 Hanley by-election [3]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal R. L. Outhwaite 6,647 46.4 New
Conservative George Herman Rittner5,99341.8+6.0
Labour Samuel Finney 1,69411.8-52.4
Majority6544.6N/A
Turnout 14,33485.1+6.5
Liberal gain from Labour Swing N/A

A General Election was due to take place by the end of 1915. By the autumn of 1914, the following candidates had been adopted to contest that election. Due to the outbreak of war, the election never took place.

General election 14 December 1918: Hanley [5]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
C National Democratic James Seddon 8,03240.4New
Labour Myles Parker 7,69738.7-35.5
Independent Liberal R. L. Outhwaite 2,70313.6New
Liberal Leonard Lumsden Grimwade1,4597.3N/A
Majority3351.7N/A
Turnout 19,89158.9-19.7
National Democratic gain from Liberal Swing
Cindicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.

Elections in the 1920s

General election 1922: Hanley [6]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Myles Parker 10,742 48.8 +10.1
National Liberal James Seddon 6,31228.7-11.7
Liberal John Howard Whitehouse 4,94222.5+15.2
Majority4,43020.1N/A
Turnout 21,99667.4+8.5
Labour gain from National Democratic Swing +10.9
General election 1923: Hanley [6]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Myles Parker 11,508 53.3 +4.5
Unionist James Seddon 5,81726.9-1.8
Liberal Ada Rowley Moody 4,26819.8-2.7
Majority5,69126.4+6.3
Turnout 21,59363.7-3.7
Labour hold Swing +3.1
General election 1924: Hanley [6]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Samuel Clowes 13,527 53.0 -0.3
Unionist Frank Collis11,97647.0+20.1
Majority1,5546.0-20.4
Turnout 25,50373.5+9.8
Labour hold Swing -10.2
1928 Hanley by-election [6]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Arthur Hollins 15,136 60.2 +7.2
Unionist Alfred Denville 6,60426.3-20.7
Liberal Walter Meakin 3,39013.5New
Majority8,53233.9+27.9
Turnout 25,13069.9-3.6
Labour hold Swing +14.0
General election 1929: Hanley [6]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Arthur Hollins 20,785 62.1 +1.9
Unionist Eric Errington 9,02226.9+0.6
Liberal Charles White 3,69611.0-2.5
Majority11,76335.2+1.3
Turnout 33,50372.5+2.6
Labour hold Swing +0.6

Elections in the 1930s

General election 1931: Hanley [6]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Harold Hales 18,26253.01
Labour Arthur Hollins 15,24544.25
Commonwealth Land Party J. W. Graham Peace 9462.75New
Majority3,0178.76N/A
Turnout 34,45372.64
Conservative gain from Labour Swing
General election 1935: Hanley [6]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Arthur Hollins 17,21152.01
Conservative Harold Hales 15,88047.99
Majority1,3314.02
Turnout 33,09169.79
Labour gain from Conservative Swing

General Election 1939–40

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the Autumn of 1939, the following candidates had been selected;

Elections in the 1940s

General election 1945: Hanley [6]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Barnett Stross 21,91568.00
Conservative JPAL Doran10,31332.00
Majority11,60236.00
Turnout 32,22873.64
Labour hold Swing

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References

  1. ↑ "Chap. 23. Redistribution of Seats Act, 1885". The Public General Acts of the United Kingdom passed in the forty-eighth and forty-ninth years of the reign of Queen Victoria. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode. 1885. pp. 111–198.
  2. ↑ Fraser, Hugh (1918). The Representation of the People Act, 1918: with explanatory notes. London: Sweet and Maxwell.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Craig, FWS, ed. (1974). British Parliamentary Election Results: 1885-1918. London: Macmillan Press. ISBN   9781349022984.
  4. ↑ "The General Election" . The Morning Post . 24 November 1885. p. 2. Retrieved 28 November 2017– via British Newspaper Archive.
  5. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, F W S Craig (Glasgow: Political Reference Publications, 1969)
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
  7. ↑ Report of the Annual Conference of the Labour Party, 1939
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