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Coagulation factor XII, also known as Hageman factor, is a plasma protein. It is the zymogen form of factor XIIa, an enzyme of the serine protease class. In humans, factor XII is encoded by the F12 gene.
Alpha 2-antiplasmin is a serine protease inhibitor (serpin) responsible for inactivating plasmin. Plasmin is an important enzyme that participates in fibrinolysis and degradation of various other proteins. This protein is encoded by the SERPINF2 gene.
Kallikreins are a subgroup of serine proteases, enzymes capable of cleaving peptide bonds in proteins. In humans, plasma kallikrein has no known paralogue, while tissue kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) encode a family of fifteen closely related serine proteases. These genes are localised to chromosome 19q13, forming the largest contiguous cluster of proteases within the human genome. Kallikreins are responsible for the coordination of various physiological functions including blood pressure, semen liquefaction and skin desquamation.
Kininogens are precursor proteins for kinins, biologically active polypeptides involved in blood coagulation, vasodilation, smooth muscle contraction, inflammatory regulation, and the regulation of the cardiovascular and renal systems.
Tissue kallikrein is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Protein C inhibitor is a serine protease inhibitor (serpin) that limits the activity of protein C.
Protease activated receptor 2 (PAR2) also known as coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 1 (F2RL1) or G-protein coupled receptor 11 (GPR11) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the F2RL1 gene. PAR2 modulates inflammatory responses, obesity, metabolism, cancers and acts as a sensor for proteolytic enzymes generated during infection. In humans, we can find PAR2 in the stratum granulosum layer of epidermal keratinocytes. Functional PAR2 is also expressed by several immune cells such as eosinophils, neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, mast cells and T cells.
Kexin is a prohormone-processing protease, specifically a yeast serine peptidase, found in the budding yeast. It catalyzes the cleavage of -Lys-Arg- and -Arg-Arg- bonds to process yeast alpha-factor pheromone and killer toxin precursors. The human homolog is PCSK4. It is a family of subtilisin-like peptidases. Even though there are a few prokaryote kexin-like peptidases, all kexins are eukaryotes. The enzyme is encoded by the yeast gene KEX2, and usually referred to in the scientific community as Kex2p. It shares structural similarities with the bacterial protease subtilisin. The first mammalian homologue of this protein to be identified was furin. In the mammal, kexin-like peptidases function in creating and regulating many differing proproteins.
Kallikrein-6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KLK6 gene. Kallikrein-6 is also referred to as neurosin, protease M, hK6, or zyme. It is a 223 amino acid sequence, derived from its 244 original form, which contains a 16 residue presignal and 5 residue activation peptide.
Kallikrein-5, formerly known as stratum corneum tryptic enzyme (SCTE), is a serine protease expressed in the epidermis. In humans it is encoded by the KLK5 gene. This gene is one of the fifteen kallikrein subfamily members located in a cluster on chromosome 19. Its expression is up-regulated by estrogens and progestins. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein.
Kallikrein-related peptidase 4 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the KLK4 gene.
Kallikrein-related peptidase 7 (KLK7) is a serine protease that in humans is encoded by the KLK7 gene. KLK7 was initially purified from the epidermis and characterised as stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme (SCCE). It was later identified as the seventh member of the human kallikrein family, which includes fifteen homologous serine proteases located on chromosome 19 (19q13).
Kallikrein-8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KLK8 gene.
Kallikrein-14 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KLK14 gene.
Prostasin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRSS8 gene.
Transmembrane protease, serine 11D is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TMPRSS11D gene.
Kallikrein-related peptidase 9 also known as KLK9 is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the KLK9 gene.
Hepsin is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Lysyl endopeptidase is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Mannan-binding lectin-associated serine protease-2 is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
References
- ↑ Chen ZL, Yoshida S, Kato K, Momota Y, Suzuki J, Tanaka T, Ito J, Nishino H, Aimoto S, Kiyama H (July 1995). "Expression and activity-dependent changes of a novel limbic-serine protease gene in the hippocampus". The Journal of Neuroscience. 15 (7 Pt 2): 5088–97. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.15-07-05088.1995. PMC 6577896 . PMID 7623137.
- ↑ Shimizu C, Yoshida S, Shibata M, Kato K, Momota Y, Matsumoto K, Shiosaka T, Midorikawa R, Kamachi T, Kawabe A, Shiosaka S (May 1998). "Characterization of recombinant and brain neuropsin, a plasticity-related serine protease". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (18): 11189–96. doi: 10.1074/jbc.273.18.11189 . PMID 9556608.
- ↑ Rajapakse S, Ogiwara K, Takano N, Moriyama A, Takahashi T (December 2005). "Biochemical characterization of human kallikrein 8 and its possible involvement in the degradation of extracellular matrix proteins". FEBS Letters. 579 (30): 6879–84. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2005.11.039. hdl: 2115/985 . PMID 16337200.
- ↑ Kishi T, Cloutier SM, Kündig C, Deperthes D, Diamandis EP (June 2006). "Activation and enzymatic characterization of recombinant human kallikrein 8" (PDF). Biological Chemistry. 387 (6): 723–31. doi:10.1515/BC.2006.091. PMID 16800733.
