| Lipaugus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Rufous piha (Lipaugus unirufus) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Cotingidae |
| Genus: | Lipaugus F. Boie, 1828 |
| Type species | |
| Muscicapa plumbea [1] Lichtenstein, 1823 | |
Lipaugus is a genus of birds in the family Cotingidae.
The genus was introduced in 1828 by the German zoologist Friedrich Boie in 1828. Boie spelled the genus name as Lipangus but this was corrected to Lipaugus. [2] [3] The name comes from the Greek lipaugēs, meaning "dark" or "devoid of light". [4] The type species was designated by George Gray in 1840 as the screaming piha. [3] [5]
The genus contains nine species. [6]
| Image | Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
 | Lipaugus unirufus | Rufous piha | Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama |
 | Lipaugus streptophorus | Rose-collared piha | south-eastern Venezuela, western Guyana and far northern Brazil |
 | Lipaugus vociferans | Screaming piha | Amazon and tropical parts of the Mata Atlântica in South America |
 | Lipaugus lanioides | Cinnamon-vented piha | southeastern Brazil. |
 | Lipaugus ater (formerly in Tijuca) | Black-and-gold cotinga | Serra do Mar in south-eastern Brazil |
 | Lipaugus conditus (formerly in Tijuca) | Grey-winged cotinga | Serra dos Órgãos and Serra do Tinguá in Rio de Janeiro State of Brazil |
 | Lipaugus weberi | Chestnut-capped piha | Colombia |
 | Lipaugus fuscocinereus | Dusky piha | Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru |
 | Lipaugus uropygialis | Scimitar-winged piha | Bolivia and Peru |
Two former Lipaugus species are now in the genus Snowornis . [7] The dusky, chestnut-capped, cinnamon-vented, and scimitar-winged pihas may form a superspecies. [8]
The cotingas are a large family, Cotingidae, of suboscine passerine birds found in Central America and tropical South America. Cotingas are birds of forests or forest edges, that are primary frugivorous. They all have broad bills with hooked tips, rounded wings, and strong legs. They range in size from 12–13 cm (4.7–5.1 in) of the fiery-throated fruiteater up to 48–51 cm (19–20 in) of the Amazonian umbrellabird.
Neotropical bellbird is the common name given to passerine birds of the genus Procnias, found in the Neotropics. They are members of the cotinga family. They are all restricted to tropical or subtropical humid forested regions, often in low mountains or foothills. As indicated by their common name, they all have extremely loud calls that are reminiscent of a metal bell being rung.
Glaucis is a genus of hummingbird in the family Trochilidae.
Heliothryx is a genus of hummingbird in the family Trochilidae. The genus is assigned to the subfamily Polytminae which is sometimes referred to by the informal name "mangoes".
Hylocharis is a genus of hummingbirds, in the family Trochilidae. It contains two species that are both found in South America.
Carpornis, the berryeaters, is a genus of birds in the family Cotingidae. These primarily frugivorous birds are endemic to the southern half of the Atlantic forest.
The rose-collared piha is a species of bird in the family Cotingidae. It is found in humid forests growing in the tepui highlands in south-eastern Venezuela, western Guyana and far northern Brazil. Only the male has the rosy collar for which this species is named. The female resembles the screaming piha, but has a cinnamon vent.
The rufous piha is a species of bird in the family Cotingidae. It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.
The screaming piha is a species of passerine bird in the family Cotingidae. It is found in humid forests in the Amazon and tropical parts of the Mata Atlântica in South America. They are most notable for their extraordinarily loud voice.
The chestnut-capped piha is a species of bird in the family Cotingidae. It is endemic to a small portion of Colombia’s central Andes in the department of Antioquia. The chestnut-capped piha resides only in a narrow band of humid premontane cloud forest. It is a dark grey passerine with a notable chestnut crown on the upper nape and pale cinnamon-colored undertail coverts. Adults are small for pihas, measuring about 20 to 25 cm long. Males have modified primary feathers with elongated and stiff barbules that enable them to create a whirring noise with their wings, which the piha likely uses for display purposes. Its call is extremely loud and can be heard over 100 m (330 ft) away. The chestnut-capped piha is mostly frugivorous, although it will eat some invertebrates. Little is known about the species' breeding ecology, although it is believed to be a lekking species.
The whiskered myiobius or bearded flycatcher is a species of bird in the family Tityridae, having previously been included in Tyrannidae. A number of taxonomic authorities continue to place with the flycatchers. The whiskered myiobius is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and heavily degraded former forest.
A becard is a bird of the genus Pachyramphus in the family Tityridae.
The Jamaican becard is a species of bird in the family Tityridae. Its genus, Pachyramphus, has traditionally been placed in Cotingidae or Tyrannidae, but evidence strongly suggest it is better placed in Tityridae.
Phoenicircus is a genus of birds in the family Cotingidae. They have a bright red breast, crown, tail, and rump with the Guianan species having dark brown wings and the black-necked species having black wings. They are frugivores, eating primarily berries and drupes.
Pipra is a genus of birds in the manakin family Pipridae.
The white bellbird is a species of bird in the family Cotingidae. It is the world’s loudest bird, producing vocalizations of up to 125.4 decibels. The specific epithet is often spelled alba, but albus is correct due to the masculine gender of "Procnias". It is found in forests in the Guianas, with small numbers in Venezuela and the Brazilian state of Pará, as well as Trinidad and Tobago and Panama. As in two other members of Procnias, the males have wattles, fleshy structures akin to the red skin flap that hangs from the throat of roosters.
Snowornis is a genus of birds in the family Cotingidae. The species were formerly included in the genus Lipaugus,
The black-and-gold cotinga is a species of bird in the family Cotingidae. It is endemic to humid Atlantic Forest in the highlands of the Serra do Mar in south-eastern Brazil. It is threatened by habitat loss, but remains common within several national parks, e.g. Serra dos Órgãos and Itatiaia. Males are highly vocal, and their loud, piercing whistle is frequently heard. It is strongly sexually dimorphic. Except for a bright yellow wing-speculum, males are superficially similar to the male common blackbird, while the far less conspicuous females are overall olive. The female resemble both sexes of the only other member of the genus, the grey-winged cotinga, but is larger, has a thicker bill, and yellowish-olive remiges.
The grey-winged cotinga is a species of bird in the family Cotingidae. It is endemic to Brazil where it is restricted to the Serra dos Órgãos and Serra do Tinguá in Rio de Janeiro State. Its natural habitat is tropical moist montane forest.
Tityridae is family of suboscine passerine birds found in forest and woodland in the Neotropics. The 45 species in this family were formerly spread over the families Tyrannidae, Pipridae and Cotingidae. As yet, no widely accepted common name exists for the family, although tityras and allies and tityras, mourners and allies have been used. They are small to medium-sized birds. Under current classification, the family ranges in size from the buff-throated purpletuft, at 9.5 cm (3.7 in) and 10 grams, to the masked tityra, at up to 24 cm (9.5 in) and 88 grams. Most have relatively short tails and large heads.
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