Cnemarchus

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Cnemarchus
Red-rumped-Bush-tyrant.jpg
Red-rumped bush tyrant (Cnemarchus erythropygius)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Tyrannidae
Genus: Cnemarchus
Ridgway, 1905
Type species
Taenioptera erythropygia
red-rumped bush tyrant
Sclater, 1853

Cnemarchus is a genus of South American birds in the tyrant flycatcher family Tyrannidae.

The two member of this genus are elongated, upright-perching flycatchers that share similar tail patterns. They are found at high-altitudes.

Taxonomy

The genus Cnemarchus was introduced in 1905 by the American ornithologist Robert Ridgway with the red-rumped bush tyrant as the type species. The name combines the Ancient Greek knēmos meaning "mountain-slope" with arkhos meaning "ruler" or "chief". [1]

This genus formerly contained only the red-rumped bush tyrant. Molecular phylogenetic studies published in 2020 found that the red-rumped bush tyrant was a sister to the rufous-webbed bush tyrant in the monotypic genus Polioxolmis. The two species had diverged around 4.5 million years ago. [2] [3] Based on these results, the genus Polioxolmis was merged into Cnemarchus placing both species in the genus Cnemarchus. [4] [5]

The genus therefore contains the following two species: [5]

Related Research Articles

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The tyrant flycatchers (Tyrannidae) are a family of passerine birds which occur throughout North and South America. They are considered the largest family of birds known to exist in the world, with more than 400 species. They are the most diverse avian family in every country in the Americas, except for the United States and Canada. The members vary greatly in shape, patterns, size and colors. Some tyrant flycatchers may superficially resemble the Old World flycatchers, which they are named after but are not closely related to. They are members of suborder Tyranni (suboscines), which do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of most other songbirds.

<i>Myiozetetes</i> Genus of birds

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bright-rumped attila</span> Species of bird

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ground tyrant</span> Genus of birds

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Red-rumped bush tyrant</span> Species of bird

The red-rumped bush tyrant is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Many-colored rush tyrant</span> Species of bird

The many-colored rush tyrant or many-coloured rush tyrant is a small passerine bird of South America belonging to the tyrant flycatcher family, Tyrannidae. It is the only member of the genus Tachuris and is sometimes placed in a separate monotypic family. It inhabits marshland and reedbeds around lakes and rivers. It is particularly associated with stands of Scirpus. The nest is built among plant stems.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cliff flycatcher</span> Species of bird

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spectacled tyrant</span> Species of bird

The spectacled tyrant is a species of bird in the tyrant flycatcher family Tyrannidae. It is the only species placed in the genus Hymenops.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fire-eyed diucon</span> Species of bird

The fire-eyed diucon is a passerine bird of South America belonging to the tyrant flycatcher family Tyrannidae. It is the only species placed in the genus Pyrope.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Little ground tyrant</span> Species of bird

The little ground tyrant is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers and is the only species placed in the genus Syrtidicola. It is found in Amazonian Brazil, Peru, and Bolivia; also smaller regions of Colombia and Ecuador. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist shrubland and rivers.

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Myiotheretes is a genus of South American birds in the tyrant flycatcher family Tyrannidae. These superficially thrush-like birds are large tyrants of the Andean highlands. The red-rumped bush tyrant is considered closely related.

<i>Neoxolmis</i> Genus of birds

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<i>Poecilotriccus</i> Genus of birds

Poecilotriccus is a genus of small flycatchers in the family Tyrannidae. Except for the recently described Johnson's tody-flycatcher, all have, at one point or another, been included in the genus Todirostrum. Some species have been known as tody-tyrants instead of tody-flycatchers. Most species are found in South America, but a single species, the slate-headed tody-flycatcher, is also found in Central America. The black-chested tyrant may also belong in this genus, but most place it in the monotypic genus Taeniotriccus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rufous-webbed bush tyrant</span> Species of bird

The rufous-webbed bush tyrant is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae. It is found mostly in Argentina, Bolivia, and Peru with a few records in Chile, where its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grey monjita</span> Species of tyrant flycatcher bird found in South America

The grey monjita is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae that is the only member of the genus Nengetus. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, and Uruguay. Its natural habitats are dry savanna, subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland, and pastureland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black-crowned monjita</span> Species of bird

The black-crowned monjita is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rusty-backed monjita</span> Species of bird

The rusty-backed monjita is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae. It is endemic to Argentina. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland and pastureland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Salinas monjita</span> Species of bird

The Salinas monjita is a species of bird in the tyrant flycatchers family Tyrannidae which is endemic to Argentina. It is threatened by habitat loss.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Suiriri flycatcher</span> Species of bird

The suiriri flycatcher is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae found in semi-open habitats in South America. It was formerly split into two species; the Chaco suiriri and the Campo suiriri. Suiriri originates from Guaraní, where it is a generic name used for several medium-sized tyrant flycatchers.

The bush tyrants are found in the following places:

References

  1. Ridgway, Robert (1905). "Descriptions of some new genera Of Tyrannidae, Pipridae, and Cotingidae". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 18: 207–213 [208].
  2. Chesser, R.T.; Harvey, M.H.; Brumfield, R.T.; Derryberry, E.P. (2020). "A revised classification of the Xolmiini (Aves: Tyrannidae: Fluvicolinae), including a new genus for Muscisaxicola fluviatilis". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 133 (1): 35–48. doi:10.2988/20-00005. S2CID   229241271.
  3. Ohlson, J.I.; Irestedt, M.; Batalha Filho, H.; Ericson, P.G.P.; Fjeldså, J. (2020). "A revised classification of the fluvicoline tyrant flycatchers (Passeriformes, Tyrannidae, Fluvicolinae)". Zootaxa. 4747 (1): 167–176. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4747.1.7 . PMID   32230123.
  4. Areta, Nacho; Pearman, Mark (September 2020). "Proposal 885: Revise the generic classification of the Xolmiini". South American Classification Committee, American Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
  5. 1 2 Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2021). "Tyrant flycatchers". IOC World Bird List Version 11.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 26 July 2021.