List of countries by largest historical GDP

This list of countries by largest historical GDP shows how the membership and rankings of the world's ten largest economies as measured by their gross domestic product has changed. While the United States has consistently had the world's largest economy for some time, in the last fifty years the world has seen both rises and falls in relative terms of the economies of other countries.

Overview of the ten largest economies

By average values of GDP (nominal)

The ten largest economies by average values of GDP (nominal) ^[a] by every half decade from the available data in IMF, World Bank, and United Nations lists (in USD billions) ^{[1] [2] [3] [4]}

Year	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	5th	6th	7th	8th	9th	10th
2024 [5]	United States 28,780	China 18,530	Germany 4,590	Japan 4,110	India 3,940	United Kingdom 3,500	France 3,130	Italy 2,330	Brazil 2,330	Canada 2,240
2020	United States 21,323	China 14,688	Japan 5,056	Germany 3,888	United Kingdom 2,698	India 2,675	France 2,647	Italy 1,897	Canada 1,656	South Korea 1,644
2015	United States 18,037	China 11,226	Japan 4,382	Germany 3,365	United Kingdom 2,863	France 2,420	India 2,088	Italy 1,826	Brazil 1,801	Canada 1,553
2010	United States 14,964	China 5,812	Japan 5,793	Germany 3,310	France 2,560	United Kingdom 2,246	Brazil 2,088	Italy 2,051	India 1,729	Russia 1,638
2005	United States 13,094	Japan 4,756	Germany 2,866	United Kingdom 2,511	China 2,309	France 2,207	Italy 1,856	Canada 1,169	Spain 1,159	South Korea 898
2000	United States 10,285	Japan 4,887	Germany 1,956	United Kingdom 1,442	France 1,328	China 1,215	Italy 1,145	Canada 742	Mexico 684	Brazil 655
1995	United States 7,640	Japan 4,360	Germany 2,594	France 1,611	United Kingdom 1,321	Italy 1,172	Brazil 786	China 737	Spain 612	Canada 604
1990	United States 5,280	Japan 3,134	Soviet Union 2‚660	West Germany 1,593	France 1,279	Italy 1,177	United Kingdom 1,094	Mexico 534	Brazil 534	Canada 534
1985	United States 4,347	Soviet Union 2‚200	Japan 1,401	West Germany 659	France 560	United Kingdom 534	Italy 459	Canada 365	China 313	India 238
1980	United States 2,862	Soviet Union 1,212	Japan 1,100	West Germany 920	France 691	United Kingdom 536	Italy 460	Canada 269	Brazil 235	China 226
1975	United States 1,689	Soviet Union 686	Japan 513	West Germany 475	France 356	United Kingdom 236	Italy 219	Canada 173	China 161	Brazil 116
1970	United States 1,076	Soviet Union 433	Japan 209	West Germany 209	France 146	United Kingdom 125	Italy 109	China 91	Canada 88	India 62
1965	United States 712	Soviet Union 367	West Germany 125	France 102	United Kingdom 101	Japan 91	China 70	Italy 68	India 61	Canada 54
1960	United States 521	Soviet Union 142	West Germany 92	United Kingdom 72	France 62	China 61	Japan 44	Canada 41	Italy 40	India 37

By average values of GDP (PPP)

The ten largest economies by average values of GDP (PPP) ^[b] by every half decade from the available data in IMF and World Bank lists (in USD billions) ^{[6] [7] [8] [9] [10]}

Year	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	5th	6th	7th	8th	9th	10th
2020	China 24,273.360	United States 20,936.600	India 9,907.028	Japan 5,328.033	Germany 4,469.546	Russia 4,133.084	Indonesia 3,302.377	Brazil 3,153.597	France 3,115.307	United Kingdom 3,019.057
2015	China 19,695.741	United States 18,036.650	India 8,003.405	Japan 5,118.682	Germany 3,860.114	Russia 3,759.692	Brazil 3,216.167	Indonesia 2,849.796	United Kingdom 2,700.627	France 2,665.863
2010	China 17,516.324	United States 15,315.361	India 5,312.261	Japan 4,485.871	Germany 3,279.529	Russia 3,240.905	Brazil 2,803.368	France 2,340.155	United Kingdom 2,251.123	Italy 2,075.864
2005	United States 13,093.700	China 6,617.286	Japan 4,056.757	India 3,238.203	Germany 2,804.578	Russia 2,474.758	Brazil 2,046.980	France 2,046.601	United Kingdom 2,008.467	Italy 1,916.369
2000	United States 10,284.775	China 3,698.622	Japan 3,405.450	Germany 2,430.427	India 2,077.843	France 1,678.332	Russia 1,635.277	Italy 1,628.105	Brazil 1,579.824	United Kingdom 1,556.051
1995	United States 7,664.075	Japan 2,965.536	China 2,254.642	Germany 2,033.711	India 1,426.298	Russia 1,389.470	Italy 1,356.581	France 1,337.635	Brazil 1,306.756	United Kingdom 1,224.054
1990	United States 5,279.575	Soviet Union	Japan 2,431.093	West Germany 1,636.133	Italy 1,134.581	France 1,112.013	China 1,092.075	United Kingdom 1,001.703	Brazil 1,000.682	India 986.896
1985	United States 4,346.750	Soviet Union	Japan 1,633.243	West Germany 1,200.553	Italy 1,044.727	France 807.519	Brazil 776.449	United Kingdom 722.892	China 654.954	India 633.604
1980	United States 2,862.475	Soviet Union	Japan 1,027.017	West Germany 866.222	Italy 594.363	France 578.363	Brazil 570.249	United Kingdom 498.558	India 452.711	China 419.053

World Bank statistics of the ten largest economies by GDP (PPP)

Main article: World Bank historical list of ten largest countries by GDP

Angus Maddison statistics of the ten largest economies by GDP (PPP)

Main article: Angus Maddison statistics of the ten largest economies by GDP (PPP)

See also: List of regions by past GDP (PPP)

Main GDP countries

The United States Department of Agriculture has calculated the share of global real GDP for every country from 1969 to 2010. ^[11]

European Union

As of 2023, the EU accounts for 17% of global GDP (nominal) and 14.5% of global GDP (PPP) in 2023.

United States

The United States represented 28.69% of the world's economy in 1960 (highest point). It accounted for 1.8% of the world's economy in 1820, 8.9% in 1870, and 18.9% in 1913. The United States produced 25.3% (nominal) and 15.5% of global GDP (PPP) in 2022. ^[12]

China

China represented 1.61% of the world's economy in 1987 (lowest point), rising to 18.4% (nominal) and 19% (PPP) in 2022. It accounted for 25.4% of global GDP in 1 CE, 29% of world global output in 1600 CE, 17.3% of the world's economy in 1870, and 33% in 1820 (its highest point). China's share of global GDP varied from a quarter to a third of global output until the late 19th century. ^[12]

India

The gross domestic product of India was estimated at 24.4% of the world's economy in 1500, 22.4% in 1600, 16% in 1820, and 12.1% in 1870. India's share of global GDP declined to less than 2% of global GDP by the time of its independence in 1947, and only rose gradually after the liberalization of its economy beginning in the 1990s. The Republic of India currently contributes 3.6% of world GDP (nominal) and 7.5% of global GDP (PPP) in 2023.

Geometric Average of Nominal and PPP GDP

Main article: List of countries by largest historical comprehensive GDP

Notes

1. This is, the absolute gross domestic product or total productive output of a country, not corrected by cost of life.
2. Purchasing power parity (PPP) is the exchange-rate-adjusted GDP, accounting for the value of money in different countries.

References

1. "World's largest economies". CNNMoney.
2. "National Accounts - Analysis of Main Aggregates (AMA)". unstats.un.org.
3. World Bank GDP Data (December 2014)
4. "World Economic Outlook". www.imf.org. Archived from the original on February 24, 2021.
5. "World Economic Outlook (April 2024) - GDP, current prices". International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 6 October 2024.
6. "IMF historical GDP (PPP) Data (October 2014)". Imf.org. 2015-10-06. Retrieved 2015-10-08.
7. "GDP, PPP; Table". Data.worldbank.org. 2014-12-16. Retrieved 2014-12-18.
8. "Welcome to World Bank Intranet" (PDF).
9. "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects". www.imf.org.
10. Elliott, Larry (January 6, 2011). "GDP projections from PwC: how China, India and Brazil will overtake the West by 2050". the Guardian.
11. ""Real Historical Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Shares and Growth Rates of GDP Shares", USDA, November 2009". Ers.usda.gov. Archived from the original on 2013-09-08. Retrieved 2014-01-19.
12. Azar Gat (2008). War in Human Civilization. Oxford University Press. p. 517. ISBN   978-0-19-923663-3.