List of countries by past and projected GDP (nominal)

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This is an alphabetical list of countries by past and projected gross domestic product (nominal) as ranked by the IMF. Figures are based on official exchange rates, not on the purchasing power parity (PPP) methodology. Values are given in millions of United States dollars (USD) and have not been adjusted for inflation. These figures have been taken from the International Monetary Fund's World Economic Outlook (WEO) Database (October 2025 edition) and/or other sources. [1]

Contents

For older GDP trends, see List of regions by past GDP (PPP).

UN estimates (1970s)

The following Table is based on UN GDP data. [2] [3]

* indicates "GDP of [country or territory]" or "Economy of [country or territory]" links.

IMF estimates

1980s

1990s

2000s

2010s

2020s

The following list contains the various countries' projected GDP (nominal) from 2020 to 2030. [4]

The projections for future years presume that government policies do not change, and assume specific values for oil prices, bond rates, and exchange rates. [5]

Centre for Economics and Business Research estimate for 2040

The following table is a nominal GDP estimate for the top 190 largest economies in 2040 made by British think tank Centre for Economics and Business Research in December 2025. [7] Total GDP figures have been divided by UN population projections for the year 2040. [8]

The 30 largest economies in the world (current prices in billions of USD)
Country2025Country2030Country2035Country2040
Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States 30,551Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States 36,670Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States 44,016Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States 52,852
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China 19,434Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China 27,065Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China 36,250Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China 47,877
Flag of Germany.svg  Germany 4,991Flag of India.svg  India 6,297Flag of India.svg  India 9,500Flag of India.svg  India 14,092
Flag of Japan.svg  Japan 4,233Flag of Germany.svg  Germany 5,818Flag of Germany.svg  Germany 6,707Flag of Germany.svg  Germany 7,783
Flag of India.svg  India 4,134Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 4,595Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 5,584Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 6,784
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 3,961Flag of Japan.svg  Japan 4,514Flag of Japan.svg  Japan 5,259Flag of Japan.svg  Japan 5,922
Flag of France.svg  France 3,344Flag of France.svg  France 3,853Flag of France.svg  France 4,477Flag of France.svg  France 5,203
Flag of Russia.svg  Russia 2,537Flag of Italy.svg  Italy 2,885Flag of Italy.svg  Italy 3,299Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia 4,182
Flag of Italy.svg  Italy 2,531Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2,766Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 3,284Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 3,943
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada 2,274Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada 2,682Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada 3,227Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada 3,818
Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2,263Flag of Russia.svg  Russia 2,601Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia 2,979Flag of Italy.svg  Italy 3,771
Flag of Spain.svg  Spain 1,882Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico 2,308Flag of Russia.svg  Russia 2,813Flag of Spain.svg  Spain 3,373
Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico 1,862Flag of Spain.svg  Spain 2,301Flag of Spain.svg  Spain 2,786Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea 3,297
Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea 1,842Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia 2,267Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea 2,754Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia 3,289
Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia 1,833Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea 2,157Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia 2,740Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico 3,268
Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey 1,573Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia 2,002Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico 2,721Flag of Russia.svg  Russia 3,247
Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia 1,438Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg  Saudi Arabia 1,699Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg  Saudi Arabia 2,250Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg  Saudi Arabia 2,890
Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands 1,315Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands 1,552Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands 1,824Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands 2,142
Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg  Saudi Arabia 1,268Flag of Poland.svg  Poland 1,359Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 1,575Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey 2,053
Flag of Poland.svg  Poland 1,033Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey 1,318Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey 1,574Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2,009
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland 1,002Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland 1,240Flag of Poland.svg  Poland 1,482Flag of Poland.svg  Poland 1,828
Flag of the Republic of China.svg  Taiwan 867Flag of the Republic of China.svg  Taiwan 1,056Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland 1,372Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland 1,639
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium 714Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 968Flag of the Republic of China.svg  Taiwan 1,249Flag of the Republic of China.svg  Taiwan 1,521
Flag of Ireland.svg  Ireland 705Flag of Ireland.svg  Ireland 838Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates 1,070Flag of the Philippines.svg  Philippines 1,500
Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 686Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden 826Flag of the Philippines.svg  Philippines 1,047Flag of Bangladesh.svg  Bangladesh 1,448
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden 664Flag of Israel.svg  Israel 824Flag of Ireland.svg  Ireland 1,017Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates 1,412
Flag of Israel.svg  Israel 617Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium 820Flag of Vietnam.svg  Vietnam 994Flag of Vietnam.svg  Vietnam 1,407
Flag of Thailand.svg  Thailand 576Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates 800Flag of Bangladesh.svg  Bangladesh 991Flag of Ireland.svg  Ireland 1,234
Flag of Singapore.svg  Singapore 572Flag of Singapore.svg  Singapore 722Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium 952Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium 1,106
Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates 569Flag of Thailand.svg  Thailand 719Flag of Israel.svg  Israel 879Flag of Israel.svg  Israel 1,063

CIA estimates in 1990

GDP (Nominal) data in 1990, with some countries only GNP (Nominal) was provided by the CIA World Factbook. [9]

GDP milestones by countries (in trillions USD)

The following is a list of countries reaching (or projected to reach) a certain threshold of nominal GDP in a specific year according to International Monetary Fund, [1] United Nations, [10] and World Bank. [11]

1–6 trillion

1 trillion USD2 trillion USD3 trillion USD4 trillion USD5 trillion USD6 trillion USD
YearCountryYearCountryYearCountryYearCountryYearCountryYearCountry
1969Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States 1977Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States 1981Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States 1984Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States 1988Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States 1991Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
1979Flag of Japan.svg  Japan 1986Flag of Japan.svg  Japan 1988Flag of Japan.svg  Japan 1993Flag of Japan.svg  Japan 1995Flag of Japan.svg  Japan 2010Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
1987Flag of Germany.svg  West Germany 1992Flag of Germany.svg  Germany 2006Flag of Germany.svg  Germany 2008Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China 2009Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China 2011Flag of Japan.svg  Japan
1988Flag of France.svg  France 2003Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 2007Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China 2018Flag of Germany.svg  Germany 2025Flag of Germany.svg  Germany 2029Flag of India.svg  India*
1989Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 2004Flag of France.svg  France 2007Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 2025Flag of India.svg  India 2028Flag of India.svg  India*2030Flag of Germany.svg  Germany*
1990Flag of Italy.svg  Italy 2005Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China 2021Flag of India.svg  India 2026Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom *2030Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom *
1998Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China 2007Flag of Italy.svg  Italy 2023Flag of France.svg  France 2030Flag of France.svg  France *
2004Flag of Spain.svg  Spain 2010Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil
2004Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada 2011Flag of Russia.svg  Russia
2006Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2014Flag of India.svg  India
2006Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea 2021Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada
2006Flag of Russia.svg  Russia 2026Flag of Spain.svg  Spain*
2006Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico 2026Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico*
2007Flag of India.svg  India 2027Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia*
2008Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia 2027Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea*
2017Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia 2030Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia*
2021Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands
2022Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg  Saudi Arabia
2023Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey
2025Flag of Poland.svg  Poland
2025Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland
2027Flag of the Republic of China.svg  Taiwan*

* Future projections are marked with an asterisk.

10–30 trillion

10 trillion USD15 trillion USD20 trillion USD30 trillion USD
YearCountryYearCountryYearCountryYearCountry
2000Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States 2010Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States 2018Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States 2025Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
2014Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China 2020Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China 2026Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China*

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "World Economic Outlook Database October 2025". www.imf.org. Retrieved 14 October 2025.
  2. "National Accounts - Analysis of Main Aggregates (AMA)". unstats.un.org.
  3. "UN data 'Downloads'" . Retrieved 29 April 2020.
  4. "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects". www.imf.org.
  5. "Assumptions and Data Conventions". April 2025.
  6. "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects". www.imf.org.
  7. 1 2 WORLD ECONOMIC LEAGUE TABLE 2025
  8. 1 2 "Population estimates and projections | DataBank".
  9. "1990 CIA World Factbook". Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 27 April 2011. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
  10. "UN national Acocounts Database". Unstats.un.org. Retrieved 24 August 2014.
  11. Data. "World Bank WDI Data". Data.worldbank.org. Retrieved 24 August 2014.