This article lists French regions and overseas collectivities by gross domestic product (GDP).
Introduction INSEE and affiliate statistical offices in the overseas collectivities produce estimates of GDP in France's 18 regions and 5 overseas collectivities every year, and in some overseas collectivities where GDP estimates are made only every few years.
In 2011, France (whose territory in the national accounts refers to Metropolitan France plus the four old overseas regions of Guadeloupe, Martinique, French Guiana, and Réunion, but excludes Mayotte and the six overseas collectivities) had a GDP of US$2,778 bn, 98.2% of which was produced in Metropolitan France, and 1.8% in the four overseas regions.
Île-de-France (the Paris Region) has a much higher GDP per capita than the rest of France, due to its position as one of the "command centres" for the global economy, as well as its relatively low share of retirees. Outside Île-de-France, the 12 other regions of Metropolitan France show remarkably little disparity in their GDPs per capita.
The "poorest" region of Metropolitan France outside Île-de-France in 2016, Hauts-de-France, had a GDP per capita which was four fifths the level of the richest region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. This is in contrast to most neighbours of France where regional disparities are much more marked (East Germany vs West Germany, southern Spain and Italy vs northern Spain and Italy, Wallonia vs Flanders).
Overseas, only Saint Barthélemy, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, and New Caledonia have GDP per capita at the level of Metropolitan French regions. All other overseas regions and collectivities have GDP per capita noticeably lower than the Metropolitan French regions. The lowest is found in Mayotte, where GDP per capita was slightly less than a quarter of Metropolitan France's level in 2009, although it has been increasing a lot in recent years with the accession of Mayotte to overseas department and region status (and soon outermost region of the European Union, thus eligible for EU structural funds from 2014 on).
Nominal GDP in euros and CFP francs has been converted to US dollars at the €/US$ purchasing power parity rate of each given year.
2016 Rank | Regions & collectivities | 2016 GDP (mil. of US$ PPP) | 2015 GDP (mil. of US$ PPP) | 2014 GDP (mil. of US$ PPP) | 2013 GDP (mil. of US$ PPP) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
France [Note 1] | 2,765,540 | 2,696,180 | 2,659,360 | 2,606,140 | |
1 | Île-de-France | 882,000 (2018) [12] | 820,365 | 807,038 | 792,104 |
2 | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | 327,000 (2018) [13] | 308,867 | 304,050 | 295,610 |
3 | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | 208,422 | 204,496 | 202,360 | 194,094 |
4 | Occitanie | 200,056 | 194,005 | 191,087 | 186,741 |
5 | Hauts-de-France | 194,795 | 190,217 | 187,984 | 187,223 |
6 | Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur | 192,522 | 188,175 | 186,312 | 184,584 |
7 | Grand Est | 190,273 | 187,878 | 187,326 | 183,381 |
8 | Pays de la Loire | 137,888 | 133,128 | 130,615 | 129,155 |
9 | Brittany | 116,969 | 113,287 | 110,973 | 107,805 |
10 | Normandy | 114,479 | 112,195 | 111,013 | 110,562 |
11 | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté | 92,986 | 91,956 | 91,559 | 88,403 |
12 | Centre-Val de Loire | 88,019 | 86,026 | 85,253 | 84,609 |
13 | Réunion | 23,858 | 22,865 | 22,319 | 21,523 |
14 | Corsica | 11,288 | 10,788 | 10,557 | 10,423 |
15 | Guadeloupe | 11,556 | 11,291 | 10,987 | 10,734 |
16 | Martinique | 11,314 | 11,200 | 10,991 | 10,673 |
17 | French Guiana | 5,447 | 5,203 | 5,047 | 4,838 |
18 | Mayotte | 3,216 | 3,216 | 2,630 | 2,383 |
— | France - not regionalised | 1,319 | 1,304 | 1,261 | 1,297 |
— | New Caledonia | — | — | — | 10,251 |
— | French Polynesia | — | — | — | 7,943 |
— | Saint Pierre and Miquelon | — | — | — | 253 |
— | Saint Martin | Last data is from 1999. GDP that year was US$449 million. [14] | |||
— | Saint Barthélemy | Last data is from 1999. GDP that year was US$191 million. [14] | |||
— | Wallis and Futuna | Last data is from 2005. GDP that year was US$188 million. [15] |
Figures are in US dollars at purchasing power parity (PPP).
2016 Rank | Regions & collectivities | 2016 GDP per capita (in US$ PPP) | 2015 GDP per capita (in US$ PPP) | 2014 GDP per capita (in US$ PPP) | 2013 GDP per capita (in US$ PPP) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
France [Note 1] | 41,363 | 40,487 | 40,172 | 39,624 | |
1 | Île-de-France | 69,423 | 67,740 | 66,947 | 66,043 |
2 | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | 39,763 | 39,070 | 38,736 | 37,951 |
3 | Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur | 38,213 | 37,499 | 37,294 | 37,150 |
4 | Pays de la Loire | 36,729 | 35,686 | 35,257 | 35,136 |
5 | Brittany | 35,272 | 34,313 | 33,780 | 32,992 |
6 | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | 35,000 | 34,508 | 34,326 | 33,112 |
7 | Normandy | 34,254 | 33,588 | 33,263 | 33,182 |
8 | Occitanie | 34,252 | 33,468 | 33,218 | 32,720 |
9 | Grand Est | 34,249 | 33,803 | 33,711 | 33,021 |
10 | Centre-Val de Loire | 34,097 | 33,349 | 33,069 | 32,871 |
11 | Corsica | 33,945 | 32,790 | 32,410 | 32,349 |
12 | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté | 32,992 | 32,605 | 32,459 | 31,347 |
13 | Hauts-de-France | 32,363 | 31,632 | 31,289 | 31,219 |
14 | Martinique | 30,056 | 29,516 | 28,840 | 27,855 |
15 | Réunion | 27,793 | 26,794 | 26,324 | 25,552 |
16 | Guadeloupe | 26,855 | 26,098 | 25,192 | 24,462 |
17 | French Guiana | 20,139 | 19,756 | 19,784 | 19,531 |
18 | Mayotte | 13,163 | 12,475 | — | — |
— | Saint Pierre and Miquelon | — | — | — | 42,356 |
— | New Caledonia | — | — | — | 39,367 |
— | French Polynesia | — | — | — | 27,352 |
— | Saint Barthélemy | Last data is from 1999. GDP per capita that year was US$27,737, [14] i.e. 113.5% of Metropolitan France's GDP per capita. | |||
— | Saint Martin | Last data is from 1999. GDP per capita that year was US$15,469, [14] i.e. 63.3% of Metropolitan France's GDP per capita. | |||
— | Wallis and Futuna | Last data is from 2005. GDP per capita that year was US$13,102, [15] i.e. 37.9% of Metropolitan France's GDP per capita. |
All 95 Departments of Metropolitan France by GDP and GDP per capita in 2015. [1]
Department | Region | 2015 GDP (mil. of US$ PPP) | 2015 GDP per capita (in US$ PPP) |
---|---|---|---|
Paris | Île-de-France | 260,607 | 53,700 [16] |
Seine-et-Marne | Île-de-France | 50,344 | 36,071 |
Yvelines | Île-de-France | 68,518 | 47,937 |
Essonne | Île-de-France | 58,860 | 45,887 |
Hauts-de-Seine | Île-de-France | 192,076 | 40,191 [17] |
Seine-Saint-Denis | Île-de-France | 76,464 | 47,742 |
Val-de-Marne | Île-de-France | 70,223 | 50,988 |
Val-d'Oise | Île-de-France | 43,273 | 35,468 |
Cher | Centre-Val de Loire | 9,320 | 30,231 |
Eure-et-Loir | Centre-Val de Loire | 12,847 | 29,592 |
Indre | Centre-Val de Loire | 6,324 | 28,324 |
Indre-et-Loire | Centre-Val de Loire | 21,689 | 35,788 |
Loir-et-Cher | Centre-Val de Loire | 10,410 | 31,256 |
Loiret | Centre-Val de Loire | 25,434 | 37,692 |
Côte-d'Or | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté | 21,136 | 39,593 |
Nièvre | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté | 6,367 | 30,197 |
Saône-et-Loire | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté | 16,985 | 30,596 |
Yonne | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté | 9,907 | 29,089 |
Doubs | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté | 18,559 | 34,512 |
Jura | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté | 8,175 | 31,391 |
Haute-Saône | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté | 6,090 | 25,669 |
Territoire de Belfort | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté | 4,737 | 32,790 |
Eure | Normandy | 17,120 | 28,373 |
Seine-Maritime | Normandy | 47,682 | 37,910 |
Calvados | Normandy | 24,496 | 35,291 |
Manche | Normandy | 14,697 | 29,451 |
Orne | Normandy | 8,201 | 28,676 |
Aisne | Hauts-de-France | 14,406 | 26,775 |
Oise | Hauts-de-France | 25,864 | 31,420 |
Somme | Hauts-de-France | 18,066 | 31,601 |
Nord | Hauts-de-France | 92,252 | 35,384 |
Pas-de-Calais | Hauts-de-France | 39,627 | 26,895 |
Ardennes | Grand Est | 7,617 | 27,522 |
Aube | Grand Est | 9,245 | 29,865 |
Marne | Grand Est | 21,398 | 37,372 |
Haute-Marne | Grand Est | 5,622 | 31,488 |
Meurthe-et-Moselle | Grand Est | 24,245 | 33,019 |
Meuse | Grand Est | 5,652 | 29,730 |
Moselle | Grand Est | 32,089 | 30,746 |
Vosges | Grand Est | 11,859 | 31,971 |
Bas-Rhin | Grand Est | 44,923 | 40,176 |
Haut-Rhin | Grand Est | 25,230 | 33,041 |
Loire-Atlantique | Pays de la Loire | 56,464 | 41,116 |
Maine-et-Loire | Pays de la Loire | 25,565 | 31,481 |
Mayenne | Pays de la Loire | 9,890 | 32,137 |
Sarthe | Pays de la Loire | 19,345 | 34,043 |
Vendée | Pays de la Loire | 21,863 | 32,672 |
Côtes-d'Armor | Brittany | 17,904 | 29,915 |
Finistère | Brittany | 30,668 | 33,759 |
Ille-et-Vilaine | Brittany | 41,566 | 39,655 |
Morbihan | Brittany | 23,150 | 31,016 |
Charente | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | 11,559 | 32,709 |
Charente-Maritime | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | 19,408 | 30,258 |
Deux-Sèvres | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | 12,310 | 32,851 |
Vienne | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | 14,563 | 33,439 |
Dordogne | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | 11,430 | 27,540 |
Gironde | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | 61,873 | 39,689 |
Landes | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | 14,950 | 36,935 |
Lot-et-Garonne | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | 9,695 | 29,077 |
Pyrénées-Atlantiques | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | 24,597 | 36,639 |
Corrèze | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | 8,353 | 34,535 |
Creuse | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | 3,382 | 28,154 |
Haute-Vienne | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | 12,377 | 32,959 |
Ariège | Occitanie | 4,040 | 26,489 |
Aveyron | Occitanie | 8,153 | 29,169 |
Haute-Garonne | Occitanie | 65,013 | 48,366 |
Gers | Occitanie | 4,743 | 24,825 |
Lot | Occitanie | 5,132 | 29,657 |
Hautes-Pyrénées | Occitanie | 6,933 | 30,350 |
Tarn | Occitanie | 10,599 | 27,344 |
Tarn-et-Garonne | Occitanie | 6,462 | 25,188 |
Aude | Occitanie | 9,329 | 25,375 |
Gard | Occitanie | 20,228 | 27,339 |
Hérault | Occitanie | 38,069 | 33,778 |
Lozère | Occitanie | 2,477 | 32,513 |
Pyrénées-Orientales | Occitanie | 12,826 | 27,116 |
Ain | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | 19,135 | 30,141 |
Ardèche | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | 8,453 | 26,005 |
Drôme | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | 18,845 | 37,193 |
Isère | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | 47,386 | 37,765 |
Loire | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | 24,827 | 32,663 |
Rhône | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | 97,668 | 53,324 |
Savoie | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | 17,421 | 40,594 |
Haute-Savoie | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | 28,490 | 35,609 |
Allier | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | 10,288 | 30,153 |
Cantal | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | 4,191 | 28,719 |
Haute-Loire | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | 6,421 | 28,271 |
Puy-de-Dôme | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | 25,741 | 39,671 |
Alpes-de-Haute-Provence | Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur | 4,892 | 30,231 |
Hautes-Alpes | Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur | 4,234 | 30,018 |
Alpes-Maritimes | Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur | 44,322 | 40,957 |
Bouches-du-Rhône | Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur | 84,994 | 42,048 |
Var | Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur | 30,190 | 28,679 |
Vaucluse | Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur | 19,542 | 34,955 |
Corse-du-Sud | Corsica | 5,511 | 35,806 |
Haute-Corse | Corsica | 5,279 | 30,145 |
The economy of French Guiana is tied closely to that of mainland France through subsidies and imports. Besides the French space center at Kourou, fishing and forestry are the most important economic activities in French Guiana. The large reserves of tropical hardwoods, not fully exploited, support an expanding sawmill industry which provides saw logs for export. Cultivation of crops is limited to the coastal area, where the population is largely concentrated; rice and manioc are the major crops. French Guiana is heavily dependent on imports of food and energy. Unemployment is a serious problem, particularly among younger workers. Projects about this contry in schools are popular, especially in Europe.
The economy of Martinique is mostly based in the services sector. Agriculture accounts for about 6% of Martinique's GDP and the small industrial sector for 11%. Sugar production has declined, with most of the sugarcane now used for the production of rum. Banana exports are increasing, going mostly to France. The bulk of meat, vegetable, and grain requirements must be imported, contributing to a chronic trade deficit that requires large annual transfers of aid from France. Tourism has become more important than agricultural exports as a source of foreign exchange. The majority of the work force is employed in the service sector and in administration.
Mayotte, officially the Department of Mayotte, is an overseas department and region and single territorial collectivity of France. It is located in the northern part of the Mozambique Channel in the Indian Ocean off the coast of Southeastern Africa, between Northwestern Madagascar and Northeastern Mozambique. Mayotte consists of a main island, Grande-Terre, a smaller island, Petite-Terre, as well as several islets around these two. Mayotte is the most prosperous territory in the Mozambique Channel, making it a major destination for immigration.
The economy of Réunion has traditionally been based on agriculture. Sugarcane has been the primary crop for more than a century, and in some years it accounts for 85% of exports. The government has been pushing the development of a tourist industry to relieve high unemployment, which amounts to more than 40% of the labour force.
This page is an overview of the economy of Wallis and Futuna.
The economy of Mayotte is based primarily on the agricultural sector, including fishing and livestock raising. The island of Mayotte is not self-sufficient and must import a large portion of its food requirements, mainly from Metropolitan France. The economy and future development of the island are heavily dependent on French financial assistance, an important supplement to GDP. Mayotte's remote location is an obstacle to the development of tourism.
France is divided into eighteen administrative regions, of which thirteen are located in metropolitan France, while the other five are overseas regions.
Réunion, officially Department of Réunion, is an island in the Indian Ocean that is an overseas department and region of France. Part of the Mascarene Islands, it is located approximately 679 km (422 mi) east of the island of Madagascar and 175 km (109 mi) southwest of the island of Mauritius. As of January 2024, it had a population of 885,700. Its capital and largest city is Saint-Denis.
The overseas departments and regions of France are departments of the French Republic which are outside the continental Europe situated portion of France, known as "metropolitan France". The distant parts have exactly the same status as mainland France's regions and departments. The French Constitution provides that, in general, French laws and regulations apply to French overseas regions the same as in metropolitan France, but can be adapted as needed to suit the region's particular needs. Hence, the local administrations of French overseas regions cannot themselves pass new laws. On occasion referendums are undertaken to re-assess the sentiment in local status.
The administrative divisions of France are concerned with the institutional and territorial organization of French territory. These territories are located in many parts of the world. There are many administrative divisions, which may have political, electoral (districts), or administrative objectives. All the inhabited territories are represented in the National Assembly, Senate and Economic and Social Council and their citizens have French citizenship and elect the President of France.
French America, sometimes called Franco-America, in contrast to Anglo-America, is the French-speaking community of people and their diaspora, notably those tracing back origins to New France, the early French colonization of the Americas. The Canadian province of Quebec is the centre of the community and is the point of origin of most of French America. It also includes communities in all provinces of Canada, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Saint Martin, Saint Barthélemy, Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint Lucia and Haiti in the Caribbean; French Guiana in South America. Also there are minorities of French speakers in part of the United States, the Dominican Republic, Dominica, Grenada and Trinidad and Tobago.
A territorial collectivity, or territorial authority, in many francophone countries, is a legal entity governed by public law that exercises within its territory certain powers devolved to it by the State as part of a decentralization process. In France, it also refers to a chartered administrative division of France with recognized governing authority. It is the generic name for any territory with an elective form of local government and local regulatory authority. The nature of a French territorial collectivity is set forth in Article 72 of the Constitution of France (1958), which provides for local autonomy within limits prescribed by law.
The following are ranked lists of French regions.
The Collectivity of Saint Martin, commonly known as simply Saint Martin, is an overseas collectivity of France in the West Indies in the Caribbean, on the northern half of the island of Saint Martin, as well as some smaller adjacent islands. Saint Martin is separated from the island of Anguilla by the Anguilla Channel. Its capital is Marigot.
In the NUTS codes of France (FR), the three levels are:
French Guiana is an overseas department of France located on the northern coast of South America in the Guianas. Bordered by Suriname to the west and Brazil to the east and south, French Guiana covers a land area of 83,534 km2 (32,253 sq mi), and is inhabited by 295,385 people.
Overseas France consists of 13 French-administered territories outside Europe, mostly the remains of the French colonial empire that remained a part of the French state under various statuses after decolonization. Some, but not all, are part of the European Union. "Overseas France" is a collective name; while used in everyday life in France, it is not an administrative designation in its own right. Instead, the five overseas regions have exactly the same administrative status as the metropolitan regions; the five overseas collectivities are semi-autonomous; and New Caledonia is an autonomous territory. Overseas France includes island territories in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans, French Guiana on the South American continent, and several peri-Antarctic islands as well as a claim in Antarctica. Excluding the district of Adélie Land, where French sovereignty is effective de jure by French law, but where the French exclusive claim on this part of Antarctica is frozen by the Antarctic Treaty, overseas France covers a land area of 120,396 km2 (46,485 sq mi) and accounts for 18.0% of the French Republic's land territory. Its exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of 9,825,538 km2 (3,793,661 sq mi) accounts for 96.7% of the EEZ of the French Republic.
Prostitution in Overseas France varies from area to area with regard to extent, law enforcement and legality.