This list of giant squid specimens and sightings since 2015 is a timeline of recent human encounters with members of the genusArchiteuthis, popularly known as giant squid. It includes animals that were caught by fishermen, found washed ashore, recovered (in whole or in part) from sperm whales and other predatory species, as well as those reliably sighted at sea. The list also covers specimens incorrectly assigned to the genus Architeuthis in original descriptions or later publications.
Compilation of published coordinates for specimens since 2015 (some may be subject to significant rounding error and even indicate inland locations) Download coordinates as:KML
The 15-month period between January 2014 and March 2015 saw an unprecedented mass appearance event in the Sea of Japan, during which 57 giant squid specimens were recorded in Japanese coastal waters (spanning #563 to 631)[1] and a substantial but smaller number from the South Korean side.[2] The dramatic increase in strandings during this time has been attributed to unusually low sea temperatures.[3] Nevertheless, specimens often go unreported by Japanese fishermen as their largely inedible flesh means they have a low market value.[4]
Though the frequency with which specimens are observed has increased in recent decades, the giant squid remains a highly elusive animal, especially given its large size and worldwide distribution. Specimen records continue to be compiled and tallied by workers in the field, both regionally and on a global level, with individual specimens regularly receiving scholarly papers unto themselves. As Roper et al. (2015:83) wrote: "Few events in the natural world stimulate more excitement and curiosity among scientists and laymen alike than the discovery of a specimen of Architeuthis."
Found washed ashore around 1pm by Chang-ho Kang and pulled onto beach with help of three local residents and there filmed. Reported to Pohang Coast Guard who announced they would dispose of specimen as waste the following day.
Caught at 9am by small fishing boat Jinyang (1.94 tons) captained by Mr. Lee. Sold to restaurant for 210,000 won (equivalent to US$186 in 2022) through auction at Ulsan Wholesale Agricultural and Fish Market.
Found by fisherman and reported by E. Koganezaki of the Ajigasawa Fisheries Office, who photographed it as found and dissected in situ. Specimen had empty stomach.
Found alive in stationary net around 3:30 am; caught with school of Japanese common squid (Todarodes pacificus). Filmed and photographed alive in net. Died shortly after being pulled onto ship. Landed at Iwase port and there measured.
Found by fisherman and reported by S. Sasai of Echizen Matsushima Aquarium. Specimen had empty stomach.[1] Displayed at local roadside station before being collected by aquarium.[7]
On public display. Found by fisherman Seiichi Ogawa while catching sea cucumbers. Briefly kept alive in tank. Frozen until examination at National Museum of Nature and Science facility (Tsukuba) on 29 June 2015, when identified as giant squid. Displayed at Keikyu Aburatsubo Marine Park (as was #573) from 29 November 2015; embedded in transparent acrylic block (88cm × 33cm × 7.8cm) and installed on automatic rotating table to allow viewing from all sides. Marine park closed in late September 2021; both specimens transferred to Kannonzaki Nature Museum under curatorial director Kazuhiko Yamada (formerly a keeper at Keikyu Aburatsubo), where displayed from 9 November.[8] Specimen may belong to long arm type or middle arm type; cannot be determined due to juvenile nature. Estimated to be <1 year old.
Caught by fisherman Antonio Do Veriño. Landed in port of Santander where it was auctioned and won by BM supermarkets, which placed it on display at their store on Rubén Darío street, Sardinero, Santander. Later handed over to Instituto Español de Oceanografía, who passed it on to CEPESMA in Luarca.
Non-architeuthid. Found and retrieved by fishermen with Kona Sea Adventures: boat captain Cyrus Widhalm, deckhands Manny Billegas II and Ian MacKelvie, and anglers Mathew and Miriam Fowler. Squid had apparently been attacked at sea. Landed in Kailua-Kona. Length estimated by laying alongside 72in (180cm) fishing bag. Later placed on ice and sent to Washington state for examination. Tentatively identified as Megalocranchia fisheri by marine biologist.
Caught by the trawler Minchos VI around 21:30pm local time, in waters 300 fathoms (550m) deep. Landed in Muelle del Rendiello, El Musel, Gijón. Frozen in Gijón fish market before being transferred to CEPESMA in Luarca. Planned to be dissected later that year before going on display.
Highqualityvideofootage recorded. Spotted swimming under docked fishing boats around 7am. Spent several hours in Toyama Bay harbour where it was filmed by local divers, including Akinobu Kimura, owner of local Diving Shop Kaiyu, and professional underwater cameraman Takayoshi Kojima, who swam alongside it (as did Yuki Igushi, a curator at Uozu Aquarium, who described the powerful action of its suckers upon touching). Also seen by harbourmaster and Mizuhashi Fisherina manager Tatsuya Wakasugi. Kojima and Kimura "helped guide" it out to sea; initially pushed back and forth by fast flowing water near entrance to marina, but eventually disappeared into depths around 2:30pm. Squid "showed some signs of energy", including inking and attempting to wrap arms around divers. Display with 4.3m resin giant squid model and Igushi's 8-minute video (and one of #639) opened at Uozu Aquarium on 16 January 2016. Claimed by Gallant (2016:46, 96) as first giant squid to be filmed by a diver (but see #613) and as largest squid observed on a dive (but see #618).
Photographed and filmed alive at surface at around 1:30am; seen by 3 people. Display with 4.3m resin giant squid model and video of this specimen (and one of #637) opened at Uozu Aquarium on 16 January 2016.
First specimen from Taiwan. Caught by Hsien-Kun Lin; initial preservation and transportation assisted by Chun-Yen Lin and Yao-Chen Lee. Stored on ice for 6 hours after capture and transported at low temperature (<4°C) to laboratory at National Chung Hsing University where dissected at <15°C over 4 hours. Fully developed sperm mass present; small size for mature male. Stomach empty. Fixed in 10% formalin; replaced with 70% ethanol after 10 days. Left optic lobe scanned using high-resolution MRI as part of comparative study of giant squid optic lobe morphology and internal structure.[9]
On public display. Found by Mr. Kubota while walking along coast around 8am. Dissection revealed well developed ovaries with an estimated 1.48 × 107 eggs. Fixed in formalin and placed on display at Ishikawa Prefectural Natural History Museum; eggs stored in 70% ethanol.
Caught by boat Lady Diana, with crew including captain Mikael Bardin, Karl Gentille, and angler Toorabally Adil. Misidentified as a Humboldt squid in some reports.
On public display. Exhibited at Akita Prefectural Museum from 1 April 2016, preserved in formalin and ethanol. Previously temporarily displayed at Oga Aquarium GAO , who collected it on 14 February.
Found by crew of game fishing vessel FV Maeva 4, including captain Loïc Jauneau and deckhand Joel Mussard. Photographed by Thibaut Thellier during and after retrieval. Whole carcass too heavy to bring aboard; only head and limbs saved. Possibly largest recorded giant squid specimen, based on estimated mantle and total lengths. Soon after the paper of Romanov et al. (2018) was published the authors received reports of recent giant squid off the Maldives and Seychelles.[10]
Found during last of summer 2016 field trips of Cetacean Research Centre (CETREC WA). Filmed at surface and during retrieval. Appeared freshly dead. Beak and tissue samples collected by marine ecologist Bob Pitman for species confirmation; rest scavenged by gulls. Discovery of remains of various squid species following killer whale feeding events suggests "strong dependence on squid for at least some of the killer whales and most likely several of the other toothed whale species abundant in the region".[11] Other putative giant squid remains have been reported from Bremer Canyon[12] and a giant squid was reportedly seen at the surface there being chased by killer whales in February 2021.[13]
First live adult photographed outside Japanese waters. Photographed in shallow water at 11am by Javier Ondicol of León, who observed repeated colour change apparently in response to his presence.[16] Also filmed in process of washing ashore, dead.[15] Necropsy at CEPESMA's Parque de la Vida near Luarca one week after discovery revealed no signs of mating, no food remains in digestive tract, and no traces of macroscopic parasites; believed to have been wounded in encounter with conspecific, possibly involving kleptoparasitism[18] (second record involving such aggressive intraspecific behaviour after #559[16]). Probably rose to surface very slowly based on intact eye.[16]mtDNA analysis confirmed species as A.dux.[17]
Found by paddleboarder James Taylor, who secured it with rope; when pulled, animal lethargically wrapped its arms around his board. Pulled to shore to save it "for research purposes". Once on beach, head severed by Taylor to "put it out of its misery", after which animal was seen releasing spermatophores, confirming sex as male. Whole incident captured on video, with further video and photos taken on beach. Researchers reached beached specimen several days later and salvaged some remains. Identified as giant squid by teuthologistMichael Vecchione based on footage (which was posted online by Taylor and went viral). Poor state of animal might indicate post-spawning individual.
Caught by crew of Cú na Mara, skippered by Pete Flannery, while trawling for prawns. Flannery's father caught two giant squid in the same area in 1995 (#354 and 355). Studied by marine biologist Kevin Flannery. In "better condition" than specimen from 15 May 2017.
Measurements taken on morning of discovery, when all arm tips were already missing. Kelp gulls seen feeding on remains and had shortened arms by a further 30cm by next morning, when beach post mortem established sex as female. Beak extracted and kept refrigerated in ethanol. Reported by marine scientist Jean-Paul Roux from the Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources, who was stationed with Lüderitz Marine Research. Examined and photographed by Roux and Jessica Kemper. Seen by kite surfers preparing for 2017 Lüderitz Speed Challenge.
Found floating at surface around 10am[23] or noon;[24] pulled onto beach by bathers who poured water over specimen to delay decomposition; attracted large crowd. Red Cross lifeguards initially gave notice through 112 emergency number and contacted CEPESMA. Verified as dead by councillor for the environment Juan Carlos Armas. Taken custody of by General Directorate of Fisheries and transferred to cold room of Llanes Fishermen's Guild; lack of coordination with CEPESMA (who arrived hoping to collect specimen) criticised by group's director Luis Laria[25] and by Greens Equo party of Asturias.[26] Necropsied by scientists on 26 June 2018; to be preserved in alcohol for display in museum of Centro de Experimentación Pesquera.[21]
Filmed underwater on 28 September by Xan Molina and in more damaged state on beach the following day. Collected by CEPESMA and transferred to Parque de la Vida near Luarca where pre-conserved (not frozen) prior to necropsy planned for November (but not performed as of January 2018 due to poor condition[15]); found to be female. CSIC scientist Carlos Soriano interviewed about find. Likely to originate from Hércules trench off A Coruña according to Luis Laria of CEPESMA.
Second video of live giant squid in natural habitat. Caught on camera lowered from IEO research vessel B/O Ángeles Alvariño, by team studying diet of pilot whales and other cetaceans; filmed for 7 seconds at 7:46pm. Team included biologist Alejandro Escánez and Eugenio Fraile of IEO. Footage first revealed on 20 June 2018, at 6th International Symposium on Marine Sciences,[27] but only widelyreported in June–July 2019, after announcement of #664. Identification confirmed by researchers including giant squid expert Ángel Guerra, primarily on basis of arm and sucker morphology.
Filmed floating at surface. Collected by skipper Pedro Antonio Fernández San José and son Erlantz of Jangoikoa. Broke into three pieces when brought aboard due to weight.
First record from the Philippines. Photographed and filmed laid out on grass in local village with tape measure; see video. Seen by local fisherman Harold Eduardo Curtis.
Caught by crew of the Empress Pearl, including skipper Alec Harvey. Specimen photographed and thrown overboard. Tentatively identified as Architeuthis dux by Julian Finn of the Melbourne Museum.
Found on beach by diving brothers Daniel, Jack and Matthew Aplin while driving along track next to shore; measured by them with tape measure. Two much-publicised photos show Jack lying, and Matthew kneeling, next to specimen, respectively. Also photographed in situ by Eddie Howard who took further measurements.[28] Specimen collection organised by NIWA.
TV Asahi report, 4 February 2022; KFB report, 4 February 2022
Caught in same net as oarfish, Regalecus russelii (3.84m long). Both died at time of landing at Kishibata fishing port and were taken to Notojima Aquarium; placed on public display 1–3 February, then dissected. Displayed in preservative fluid as part of public exhibit "Deep Sea Mystery 2020: The World Seen by the Giant Squid" at Ibaraki Nature Museum, Bandō, 18 July – 4 October 2020; thereafter on permanent display on first floor in 318 × 90 × 52cm acrylic tank.[29] Museum was temporarily closed on 3 February 2022 after ~1 tonne of formalin leaked from tank; specimen was temporarily wrapped in water-soaked cloth to preserve it.[30] Museum reopened on 9 March with giant squid stored in freezer and not on display.[31]
Spotted from car by local woman who contacted Shimane AQUAS Aquarium; collected by staff. Examination by Tsuyoshi Fujita and others revealed eggs. Stored frozen before being placed on public display on ice in late March as part of annual Aquas Spring Festival, where visitors could touch the thawed specimen. Public dissection performed on 3 November 2019.
Found by local fisherman Kenichi Sasaki around 10:30am; landed in Kisakata fishing port. Collected by staff from Oga Aquarium GAO on 2 April; placed on public display there on 6–7 April.
ML: ~1.7m [estimated from arm length]; WL: >3.4m [estimated from arm length]; AL: >1.68m [estimated from video stills; excludes distal portion];?[36] EL: up to >20ft (6.1m) [estimate][37]
Widely reported as second video of live giant squid in natural habitat, but actually third (see #654). Attracted using "e-jelly" and bait bag containing ~250g of fresh mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus). Captured on video on three brief occasions over ~6 minutes. Initially maintained distance before striking on third occasion; tentacle first limb to make contact but only one arm became attached. Filmed over bottom depth of ~1800m; water temperatures 6.3°C. Length of single arm in contact with "e-jelly" estimated from video stills by correcting for perspective; length of entire animal estimated from this. Likely juvenile female or mature male based on size. NOAA-funded team included Nick Allen, Sönke Johnsen, Megan McCall, Nathan Robinson (see video), Tracey Sutton, and Edith Widder, as well as FIU marine scientists Heather Bracken-Grissom and Lori Schweikert. Expedition dubbed "Journey into Midnight".[38] Ship's long-range antenna destroyed by lightning shortly after footage seen for first time; one computer destroyed but laptop with only copy of giant squid video survived.[39]
Filmedalive at surface during capture. Stored on ice and transported to Kyoto Aquarium, where displayed on ice in free area by entrance on 21–22 January 2020. Eyes damaged due to pressure differential.
Taken by NIWA-operated RV Tangaroa around 7am during expedition to survey hoki. Crew included voyage leader and NIWA fisheries scientist Darren Stevens. Dissected on board by PhD student Ryan Howard of Auckland University of Technology, where saved parts later sent.
Found around 2am; measured and dissected at Uozu Aquarium. Fourth specimen from Toyama Bay since November 2019. Appearance may be linked to unseasonably high local sea temperatures (1°C higher than normal).
Found on beach around 3pm by Pohang residents who reported it to local administrative agency. Janggi-myeon office in Pohang City received notification of specimen and disposed of it.
First recording of giant squid using tentacles for feeding. Tentacular club length (TCL) estimated from footage; mantle length (ML) estimated from TCL. First broadcast in Japan on 11 April 2021.
Found stranded alive by Richard Davies, who recordedfootage of specimen contracting mantle and inking; also observed using suckers. Also photographed on beach (dead) by Adéle MomNdele Grosse. First moved to holding facility in Saldanha Bay; from there moved to Cape Town by Wayne Florence, Albe Bosman and Toufiek Samaai to form part of Iziko Museums of South Africa collection; there measured, sampled for DNA, and beak extracted. Initially stored in −30°C walk-in freezer due to COVID-19 restrictions.
Found by angler who contacted Shimane AQUAS Aquarium. Condition suggests animal had been dead for some time. Frozen specimen on public display at aquarium 21–23 November.
Found by local fisherman off Shimane Prefecture coast and secured with rope at Inome fishing port. Filmedalive at surface in weakened state by staff member of Shimane AQUAS Aquarium; observed moving arms, contracting funnel, and inking. Died soon after discovery; collected by Shimane AQUAS Aquarium and frozen there for later study. Displayed at aquarium on 10 February ("Fan Club Day") in frozen state, measuring 218cm in length with arms folded; 8 groups of 18 members could visit and lie on bench next to specimen. Appearance of this specimen and #678 nearby sparked fears of imminent earthquake, which were quickly dispelled by experts.[4]
Found by fisheries worker Mr. "Ikaniko" while returning from solo camping trip to Oki Islands; cooked and eaten by him. Considered too salty for sashimi even after being thoroughly washed in fresh water; pieces eaten on beach after cooking on portable stove. Taste described as salty and bittern-like but also like that of culinary squid species; addition of vinegar and desalting with fresh water improved taste and lessened off-putting odour. Pieces taken home later grilled and sun-dried to make surume. Frozen samples given for DNA analysis to university professor studying species.
Filmed in early hours by Tsutomu Sagawa of Matsumoto, Nagano Prefecture, who was visiting Itoigawa and had come to catch firefly squid, after seeing crowd gathered at shore. Filmed forcefully ejecting water from funnel. Group of men tried to lift squid out of water but were unable to due to its weight. Tentatively identified by Hiroyuki Imura, assistant exhibition manager at Niigata City Aquarium Marinepia Nihonkai, who also commented on value of rare footage.[43]Displayed in frozen state in front of touching pool on ground floor of Joetsu Aquarium Umigatari on 20–21 March 2021.[44] Appearance linked to heavy snowfall; both apparently caused by Tsushima Current.[42]
Recovered by 8 staff of Niigata City Aquarium Marinepia Nihonkai and transported there by car; displayed at aquarium for two days until 4 April, immersed in ice water and covered in transparent sheet through which it could be touched by visitors. Stomach contents was to be examined in detail.[45]
Found by group of residents who reported it to Echizen Community Centre around 10:30am. Filmed in situ, including by Toshiyuki Tanaka, director of local aquarium Kunimi Jellyfish Public Hall.[47] Measured by Seiji Sasai and other staff of Echizen Matsushima Aquarium.[46] Not considered worth preserving due to small size. 1.5-metre long arm given to Fumiya Tamaki, employee of nearby Echizen Seafood Restaurant, who first tasted it raw but could not finish due to its bitterness; later peeled off skin, cut into flat 15 × 10cm pieces and cooked for ~30 minutes (due to high water content), releasing smell of ammonia, before seasoning with mayonnaise, soy sauce, and sudachi, which reportedly rendered it edible though "not delicious". Only Tamaki tasted squid; both main specimen and arm were disposed of.[48] Videos of specimen generated much interest online.[49]
Suckers collected by discoverer for further examination under microscope; morphology matched that of giant squid; identification supported by Shimane Prefectural Fisheries Technology Center. Size estimated based on comparison with plastic bottle in photos.
The following images relate to giant squid specimens and sightings since 2015. The number below each image corresponds to that given in the List of giant squid table and is linked to the relevant record therein. The date on which the specimen was first documented is also given (the little-endian day/month/year date format is used throughout).
#609 (6/1/2015) Plastinated beak and associated buccal tissue from the same specimen, deposited at Tottori Prefectural Museum but not publicly exhibited
#609 (6/1/2015) Collapsed right eyeball from the same specimen, preserved through plastination and held at Tottori Prefectural Museum but not displayed publicly
#609 (6/1/2015) Wet-preserved left eye from the same specimen, kept at Tottori Prefectural Museum but not on public display
#632 (6/5/2015) Closeup of head and arm crown of the same specimen; its unusual preservation in acrylic rendered its tissues largely translucent – note dark eyeballs and beak (centre-left) (see also closeups of mantle and head and tentacular club)
#634 (17/5/2015) Remains of a giant squid gaffed from the surface off Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia, on 17 May 2015. The specimen was collected by Ryan Field (pictured) and Ben Allaham. It is shown here alongside a "typical" squid for size comparison.
#655 (≤2018) Giant squid found dead in Bremer Canyon off southwestern Australia, possibly after being predated by killer whales. Photographs show a pair of giant squid beaks (A) and researcher John Totterdell holding a large mantle (B).
#657 (16/8/2018) Detail of the same beaks, the upper on the left
#660 (30/1/2019) Gladius of giant squid caught off Izumo, Shimane Prefecture, Japan, on 30 January 2019. Displayed at Ibaraki Nature Museum (see also overview of display), which had exhibited a complete, formalin-preserved specimen (#661) prior to a major leak in February 2022 that resulted in the museum's month-long closure.
(7/1/2022) Specimen caught off Izumo, Shimane Prefecture, Japan, on 7 January 2022, stored frozen at Shimane AQUAS Aquarium. It originally measured 4.76m in total length, 96cm in mantle length, and weighed 23kg.
↑ A few months earlier, a different research group had released a trio of weighted alligator carcasses nearby to study how such animal falls are scavenged in the deep ocean.[32] After eight days, one of the alligators could no longer be found, having apparently been dragged along the sea floor before the thick rope attaching it to the weight was bitten through. It has been suggested that it may have been scavenged by a giant squid, perhaps even the same individual recorded by the NOAA team,[33] though a large shark such as a sleeper (Somniosus) or sixgill shark (Hexanchus) would seem the likeliest candidate.[34]
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