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The Philippines has been governed by legislatures since 1898. The country has had different setups, with legislatures under the presidential system and the parliamentary system, and with legislatures having one or two chambers.
The first national legislature in the Philippines was the Malolos Congress that convened in the Barasoain Church at Malolos, Bulacan. Convened after the declaration of independence from Spain at the height of the Philippine Revolution, the Congress ratified the declaration, and drafted a constitution. With the capture of President Emilio Aguinaldo during the ensuing Philippine–American War, the unrecognized First Philippine Republic fell.
The Americans then sent several commissions to assess the situation; these eventually became the Philippine Commission. With the passage of the Philippine Bill of 1902, the Philippine Commission eventually became an appointive upper house of the new Philippine Legislature, of which the wholly elected Philippine Assembly was the lower house. The passage of the Philippine Autonomy Act instituted a mostly elective Senate as the upper house, with the House of Representatives as the lower house. This set up continued until the 1935 Constitution of the Philippines was set into force, creating a unicameral National Assembly under the Commonwealth of the Philippines. Amendments that took effect in 1941 restored the bicameral setup, creating the Commonwealth Congress. However, World War II intervened, and legislators elected in 1941 were not able to serve. The invading Japanese set up the Second Philippine Republic that convened its own National Assembly.
The Allies reconquered the Philippines and the legislators elected in 1941 who are either still alive or are not arrested for collaboration convened in 1945. The Americans granted independence on July 4, 1946, and the Commonwealth Congress was renamed as Congress of the Republic of the Philippines. This will continue until the declaration of martial law by President Ferdinand Marcos on September 23, 1972, which effectively dissolved Congress. Marcos then exercised legislative power; his 1973 Constitution created the unicameral Batasang Pambansa, a parliament. The Batasang Pambansa first convened in 1978, and will continue to exist until the 1986 People Power Revolution that overthrew Marcos from power. President Corazon Aquino appointed a constitutional commission that drafted the 1987 Constitution which restored the bicameral Congress with the presidential system of government.
These are at the start of every legislature. A politician may switch parties mid-term. Appointed members appear after the plus sign (+).
Year | NP [a] | Prog | Dem | Uni/Pro | LP | PF | Ind | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1916 | 20+2 | 1 | 1 | 24 | ||||
1919 | 20+1 | 1+1 | 1 | 24 | ||||
1922 | 11 | 5+2 | 6 | 24 | ||||
1925 | 13 | 9+2 | 24 | |||||
1928 | 17+1 | 5+1 | 24 | |||||
1931 | 16+1 | 6 | 0+1 | 24 | ||||
1934 | 15+1 | 7+1 | 24 | |||||
1941 | 24 | 24 | ||||||
1946 | 14 | 9 | 1 | 24 |
Year | LP | NP | PF | DP | NCP | PPP | Ind | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1947 | 16 | 7 | 1 | 24 | ||||
1949 | 18 | 4 | 1 | 24 | ||||
1951 | 14 | 10 | 24 | |||||
1953 | 7 | 13 | 2 | 1 | 24 | |||
1955 | 23 | 1 | 24 | |||||
1957 | 2 | 21 | 1 | 24 | ||||
1959 | 4 | 19 | 1 | 24 | ||||
1961 | 8 | 13 | 1 | 2 | 24 | |||
1963 | 10 | 11 | 1 | 2 | 24 | |||
1965 | 9 | 12 | 1 | 2 | 24 | |||
1967 | 7 | 15 | 1 | 1 | 24 | |||
1969 | 5 | 17 | 1 | 1 | 24 | |||
1971 | 8 | 15 | 1 | 24 |
Year | Lakas [b] | LDP | LP | NPC | NP | PRP | PDP | PMP | UNA | Akbayan | Others | Ind | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1987 | 22 LABAN, 2 GAD | 24 | |||||||||||
1992 | 2 | 16 | 1 | 5 | 24 | ||||||||
1995 | 5 | 14 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 24 | ||||||
1998 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 24 | |||||
2001 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 6 LAMP | 6 | 24 | ||||||
2004 | 7 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 6 KNP, 1 Aksyon | 2 | 24 | |||||
2007 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 KAMPI, 2 UNO | 1 | 24 | ||
2010 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 24 | ||||
2013 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 24 | |||
2016 | 1 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 24 | ||||
2019 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 24 | |||
2022 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 PDDS | 5 | 24 |
Year | NP | Prog | Dem | Pro | LP | Others | Ind | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1907 | 59 | 16 | 1 Catolico | 4 | 80 | ||||
1909 | 62 | 17 | 2 | 81 | |||||
1912 | 62 | 16 | 3 | 81 | |||||
1916 | 75 | 7 | 2 | 6 | 90 | ||||
1919 | 83 | 4 | 3 | 90 | |||||
1922 | 26 | 35 Colectivista, 29 Unipersonalata | 3 | 93 | |||||
1925 | 64 | 22 | 6 | 92 | |||||
1928 | 71 | 16 | 7 | 94 | |||||
1931 | 68 | 13 | 5 | 86 | |||||
1934 | 70 | 19 | 3 Sakdalista | 92 | |||||
1935 | 64 | 19 | 6 | 89 | |||||
1938 | 98 | 98 | |||||||
1941 | 95 | 3 | 98 | ||||||
1943 | 108 KALIBAPI | 108 | |||||||
1946 | 35 | 49 | 6 Democratic Alliance, 3 minor parties | 5 | 98 |
Year | LP | NP | KBL | Others | Ind | Sec | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1949 | 60 | 33 | 6 Liberal-Avelino wing | 1 | 100 | ||
1953 | 31 | 59 | 11 Democratic | 1 | 102 | ||
1957 | 19 | 82 | 1 NCP | 102 | |||
1961 | 29 | 74 | 1 | 104 | |||
1965 | 61 | 38 | 1 independent Nacionalista, 1 independent Liberal | 3 | 104 | ||
1969 | 18 | 88 | 2 independent Nacionalista | 2 | 110 | ||
1978 | 150 | 13 Pusyon Bisaya, 2 minor parties | 0+14 | 165 | |||
1984 | 2 | 114 | 61 UNIDO | 6 | 0+9 | 183 |
Year | KBL | LP | NP | PDP | Lakas [b] | LDP | NPC | PMP | Reporma | Aksyon | NUP | UNA | Others | Party-list | Ind | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1987 | 11 | 16 | 4 | 43 | 49 coalitions, 24 Lakas ng Bansa, 19 UNIDO, 2 GAD, 2 PnB, 1 LABAN, 6 minor parties | 0+14 | 23 | 214 | ||||||||
1992 | 3 | 7 | 41 | 86 | 30 | 14 coalitions, 11 Koalisyong Pambansa, 2 minor parties | 0+15 | 6 | 216 | |||||||
1995 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 100 | 17 | 22 | 1 | 25 Lakas-Laban, 14 hybrid coalitions, 9 administration coalitions, 1 opposition coalition, 1 PRP | 0+24 | 7 | 226 | ||||
1998 | 15 | 111 | 9 | 55 | 4 | 1 | 4 PROMDI, 5 minor parties | 14 | 2 | 258 | ||||||
2001 | 19 | 2 | 79 | 21 | 42 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 3 PROMDI, 1 PDSP, 1 KAMPI, 1 PPC, 1 NPC/LDP, 17 minor parties, 5 others | 16 | 8 | 261 | ||||
2004 | 1 | 29 | 2 | 2 | 92 | 15 | 53 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 2 KAMPI, 1 PDSP | 28 | 4 | 261 | ||
2007 | 1 | 23 | 11 | 5 | 89 | 5 | 28 | 4 | 44 KAMPI, 3 PDSP, 1 Lingkod Taguig | 53 | 4 | 271 | ||||
2010 | 1 | 47 | 26 | 2 | 107 | 2 | 29 | 6 | 1 LM, 1 PDSP | 57 | 7 | 286 | ||||
2013 | 1 | 112 | 18 | 14 | 2 | 42 | 24 | 10 | 1 CDP, 4 minor parties | 59 | 6 | 293 | ||||
2016 | 115 | 24 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 42 | 1 | 23 | 11 | 8 minor parties | 59 | 4 | 297 | |||
2019 | 18 | 42 | 82 | 12 | 2 | 37 | 1 | 1 | 25 | 5 PFP, 1 CDP, 1 PRP, 14 minor parties | 61 | 2 | 304 | |||
2022 | 10 | 36 | 66 | 26 | 1 | 35 | 2 | 33 | 1 | 3 PRP, 2 PFP, 2 PDDS, 1 CDP, 35 minor parties | 63 | 6 | 316 |
This includes all parties that have won at least 2 seats in any election.
Party | 1998 | 2001 | 2004 | 2007 | 2010 | 2013 | 2016 | 2019 | 2022 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
APEC | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
Akbayan | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |
Alagad | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | |||||
Butil | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
Bayan Muna | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | ||
CIBAC | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | |
Buhay | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | ||
Anakpawis | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
Gabriela | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||
PM | 1 | 2 | |||||||
A TEACHER | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||||
ARC | 2 | ||||||||
AMIN | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | |||
Abono | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||
YACAP | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
AGAP | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
Ako Bikol | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | ||||
Senior Citizens | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||
Coop-NATCCO | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |
1-CARE | 2 | 2 | 1 | ||||||
An Waray | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
OFW Family Club | 2 | 1 | |||||||
Magdalo | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
ACT-CIS | 1 | 3 | 3 | ||||||
1-PACMAN | 2 | 2 | 1 | ||||||
ACT Teachers | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Kabayan | 2 | 1 | |||||||
Agri | 1 | 2 | 1 | ||||||
PBA | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||
ANG PROBINSYANO | 2 | 1 | |||||||
Marino | 2 | 1 | |||||||
Probinsyano Ako | 2 | ||||||||
1 Rider | 2 | ||||||||
Tingog | 1 | 2 | |||||||
4Ps | 2 | ||||||||
SAGIP | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||
Other parties | 8 | 4 | 3 | 18 | 24 | 21 | 21 | 24 | 34 |
Total party-list seats | 14 | 14 | 28 | 53 | 57 | 59 | 59 | 61 | 63 |
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Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
The Congress of the Philippines is the legislature of the national government of the Philippines. It is bicameral, composed of an upper body, the Senate, and a lower body, the House of Representatives, although colloquially, the term "Congress" commonly refers to just the latter. The Senate meets at the GSIS Building in Pasay, while the House of Representatives meets at the Batasang Pambansa in Quezon City, which also hosts joint sessions.
The House of Representatives is the lower house of Congress, the bicameral legislature of the Philippines, with the Senate of the Philippines as the upper house. The lower house is commonly referred to as Congress, although the term collectively refers to both houses.
The Senate of the Philippines is the upper house of Congress, the bicameral legislature of the Philippines, with the House of Representatives as the lower house. The Senate is composed of 24 senators who are elected at-large under a plurality-at-large voting system.
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The New Society Movement, formerly named the New Society Movement of United Nationalists, Liberals, et cetera, is a right-wing political party in the Philippines. It was first formed in 1978 as an umbrella coalition of parties supporting then-President Ferdinand E. Marcos for the Interim Batasang Pambansa and was his political vehicle during his 20-year regime. It was reorganized as a political party in 1986, and is the furthest to the right of the political spectrum among active parties after Marcos' ouster.
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