List of wars: 2020–Present

Last updated

Graph of deaths in armed conflicts by type from 2003 to 2023 Deaths in armed conflicts by type from 2003 to 2023.png
Graph of deaths in armed conflicts by type from 2003 to 2023

This is a list of wars that began from 2020 onwards. Other wars can be found in the historical lists of wars and the list of wars extended by diplomatic irregularity.

Contents

2020–present

StartedEndedName of conflictBelligerents
Victorious party (if applicable)Defeated party (if applicable)
2020Ongoing Gang war in Haiti

Part of crime in Haiti and the Haitian crisis (2018–present)

Support:
Flag of the United States.svg United States [4] [5] [6]
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada [7]
Flag of France.svg France [8]
Flag of Spain.svg Spain
Flag of Germany.svg Germany
Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico
Flag of Algeria.svg Algeria

  • Viv Ansanm
    • G9
      • Delmas 6
      • Baz Pilate
      • Baz Krache Dife
      • Baz Nan Chabon (Waf Jérémie)
      • Nan Boston
    • G-Pèp
    • Chen Mechan
    • Kraze Baryè
    • 5 Segond
    • Gran Ravine
    • Taliban (Canaan)
    • Mariani
    • Ti Bwa
    • Nan Ti Bwa
    • Simon Pelé
    • Belekou
    • Other affiliated groups

20202021 2020–2021 China–India skirmishes

Part of the Sino-Indian border dispute

Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China

Flag of India.svg India

2020Ongoing Belarusian partisan movement (2020–present) Flag of Belarus.svg Belarus Belarussian Opposition
2020Ongoing Western Togoland Rebellion

Flag of Ghana.svg Ghana

Flag of Western Togoland.svg Western Togoland

20202020 Second Nagorno-Karabakh War

Part of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict

Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Azerbaijan
Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey (alleged by Armenia) [9] [10] [11]
Syrian revolution flag.svg Syrian mercenaries [a] [15] [16]

Flag of Artsakh.svg Artsakh
Flag of Armenia.svg Armenia

20202024 Afar–Somali clashes

Flag of the Somali Region (1994-2008, 2018-).svg Somali Region

Flag of the Afar Region.svg Afar Region

20202022 Tigray war

Part of the Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present)

Flag of the Tigray Region.svg Tigray
Flag of the Oromo Liberation Front.svg OLA (2021–22) [17] [18]

2020Ongoing Western Saharan clashes (2020–present)

Part of the Western Sahara conflict

Flag of Morocco.svg Kingdom of Morocco

Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic

20202022 Al-Fashaga conflict

Part of the Spillover of the Tigray war

Flag of Sudan.svg Sudan

Flag of the Amhara Region.svg Amhara militias
Alleged:
Flag of Ethiopia.svg Ethiopia
Flag of Eritrea.svg Eritrea [23]

2021Ongoing Insurgency in Southeastern Nigeria

Part of the herder–farmer conflicts in Nigeria and the conflict in the Niger Delta

Flag of Biafra.svg Biafran separatists
Yoruba Nation OduduwaStar Flag.png Oduduwa separatists (only against Fulani herders)

Flag of Nigeria.svg Nigeria
Spillover into Bakassi:
Flag of Cameroon.svg Cameroon
20212021 2021 Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan clashes

Part of the post-Soviet conflicts

Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg Kyrgyzstan

Flag of Tajikistan.svg Tajikistan

2021Ongoing Myanmar civil war (2021–present)

Part of the Myanmar conflict

20212021 2021 Israel–Palestine crisis

Part of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict


Jewish Israeli protesters


Protesters in Israel and Palestine
Jordanian, Lebanese, and Syrian protesters (see international)
20212025 Armenia–Azerbaijan border crisis (2021–present)

Part of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict

Flag of Armenia.svg Armenia

Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Azerbaijan

2021Ongoing Republican insurgency in Afghanistan

Part of the Afghan conflict

Flag of the Taliban.svg Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan

Flag of al-Qaeda.svg al-Qaeda (alleged) [41]
Supported by:
Flag of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan (until 2024; unconfirmed)

Flag of Afghanistan (2004-2021).svg Islamic Republic of Afghanistan loyalists [note 1]

Supported by:
Flag of Tajikistan.svg Tajikistan (alleged) [44] [45]
Flag of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan (alleged, since 2024) [46] [47]


Independent militias

20212021 2021 Afghanistan–Iran clashes

Part of the spillover of the Afghanistan conflict

Flag of the Taliban.svg Afghanistan

Flag of Iran.svg Iran

2022Ongoing Chittagong Hill Tracts conflict

Part of Terrorism in Bangladesh


Flag of Parbatya Chattagram Jana Samhati Samiti (PCJSS).png PCJSS-MN Larma
United Peoples Democratic Front flag.svg UPDF-D

Flag of Parbatya Chattagram Jana Samhati Samiti (PCJSS).png PCJSS


United Peoples Democratic Front flag.svg UPDF


Kuki-Chin National Front Flag.png Kuki-Chin National Front

2022Ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine

Part of the Russo-Ukrainian War (outline)

Flag of Ukraine.svg  Ukraine

2022Ongoing Russian partisan movement (2022–present) Flag of Russia.svg Russia White-blue-white flag.svg Russian opposition

Logo of the Free Nations of Russia Forum.svg Separatist movements

2022Ongoing M23 campaign (2022–present)

Part of the Kivu conflict and the Democratic Republic of the Congo–Rwanda conflict

RED-Tabara (from Feb 2025) [78]
Mai-Mai Rushaba (from March 2025) [79]
Flag of Rwanda.svg Rwanda [h]

Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg DR Congo
Flag of the United Nations.svg MONUSCO
Flag of SADC.svg SADC Mission in DRC (until 2025) [95]
Flagge FDLR.svg FDLR [82] [96] [97]
20222022 2022 al-Shabaab invasion of Ethiopia

Part of the Ethiopian–Somali conflict, the Somali Civil War (2009–present), Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present) and the spillover of the Tigray war

Flag of Ethiopia.svg Ethiopia

Flag of al-Qaeda.svg Al-Qaeda

2022Ongoing North Kosovo crisis

Flag of Kosovo.svg Kosovo
Flag of Albania.svg Albania
Diplomatic support:
Flag of NATO.svg NATO
Flag of Europe.svg European Union

Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia
Diplomatic support:
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China
Flag of Russia.svg Russia
Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary [100] [101]
Flag of Greece.svg Greece
Flag of Cyprus.svg Cyprus
Flag of Montenegro.svg Montenegro
Flag of the Republika Srpska.svg Republika Srpska

20222022 2022 Gaza–Israel clashes

Part of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Flag of Israel.svg Israel

Flag of Palestine.svg Gaza Strip [102] [103] [104] [105]

20222022 September 2022 Armenian-Azerbaijani clashes

Part of the Armenia–Azerbaijan border crisis

Flag of Armenia.svg Armenia

Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Azerbaijan

20222022 2022 Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan clashes

Part of the post-Soviet conflicts

Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg Kyrgyzstan

Flag of Tajikistan.svg Tajikistan
Flag of Jihad.svg Afghan mujahids [110] [111] [112] (per Kyrgyzstan)

2023Ongoing Las Anod conflict (2023–present)

Part of the Somali Civil War (2009–present)

Flag of Somaliland.svg Somaliland

Flag of North Eastern State of Somalia.svg SSC-Khatumo
Supported by:
Flag of Somalia.svg Somalia [113]
Harti militiamen [114]

2023Ongoing War in Amhara
Part of the Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present)

Flag of Ethiopia (Blank).svg Fano factions

Flag of Ethiopia.svg Ethiopia

20232023 2023 Afghanistan–Iran clash

Flag of the Taliban.svg Afghanistan

Flag of Iran.svg Iran

2023Ongoing Sudanese civil war (2023–present)
Part of the Sudanese Civil Wars
Joint Darfur Force Logo.jpg Joint Darfur Force (from November 2023)

Foreign Support
Flag of Ukraine.svg Ukraine [118] [119] [120]
Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey [121]

Tamazuj (from August 2023)

Foreign Support
Flag of The Libyan National Army (Variant).svg Libyan National Army [124]
Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg United Arab Emirates [125] [126] [127] [128]
Wagner Group [129] [130]


Flag of SLM (al-Nur).svg SLM (al-Nur) [131]
Flag of SPLM-N.svg SPLM-N (al-Hilu) (June 2023 – February 2025)
20232023 Wagner Group rebellion
Part of the Wagner Group–MoD conflict during the Russian invasion of Ukraine

Wagner armed rebellion vehicle marking Z.svg  PMC Wagner

Flag of Russia.svg  Russia

20232023 2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh
Part of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict

Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Azerbaijan [i]

Flag of Artsakh.svg Artsakh [j]

20232025 Gaza war
Part of the Gaza–Israel conflict, the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, and the Middle Eastern crisis (2023–present)
Flag of Israel.svg  Israel [k]
Israeli allies:
Flag of al-Qassam Brigades.svg  Hamas
20232025 Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–2024)
Part of the Hezbollah–Israel conflict, the Middle Eastern crisis (2023–present) and the Iran–Israel conflict during the Syrian civil war

Flag of Israel.svg  Israel

InfoboxHez.PNG  Hezbollah [134]
20232024 Attacks on US bases during the Gaza war
Part of the Iran–Israel proxy conflict, the Middle Eastern crisis (2023–present), the 2024 Syrian opposition offensives and the Eastern Syria insurgency in the Syrian civil war

Flag of the United States.svg United States
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom [142]
Supported by:

Flag of Jordan.svg Jordan [143]
Flag of Syrian Democratic Forces.svg Syrian Democratic Forces
Syrian revolution flag.svg Al-Tanf Garrison [144] [145] [146] [147]

Flag of Iran.svg Iran
Flag of the United Arab Republic (1958-1971), Flag of Syria (1980-2024).svg Ba'athist Syria (until 2024) [148]
Proxies
Islamic Resistance in Iraq
InfoboxHez.PNG Syrian Hezbollah [149]
Liwa Fatemiyoun infobox flag.png Liwa Fatemiyoun [150]
PMF infobox.png Popular Mobilization Forces [151]

2024Ongoing Ecuadorian conflict (2024–present)
Part of the Ecuadorian security crisis the war on drugs and the war on drugs in Ecuador

Flag of Ecuador.svg Government of Ecuador

Organized crime groups, notably Los Choneros

20242024 2024 Iran–Pakistan border skirmishes
Part of the insurgency in Balochistan and Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency
Flag of Iran.svg Iran
Claimed by Pakistan:
Balochistan Flag.svg Baloch Nationalists:
Balochistan flag.svg Balochistan Liberation Army
Balochistan Flag.png Balochistan Liberation Front
Flag of Pakistan.svg Pakistan
Claimed by Iran:
Flag of Jihad.svg Islamists:
Flag of Jaish al-Adl.svg Jaish ul-Adl
20242025 Kursk offensive (2024–2025)

Part of attacks in Russia during the Russian invasion of Ukraine

Flag of Russia.svg Russia
Flag of North Korea.svg North Korea [n]

Flag of Ukraine.svg Ukraine

2024Ongoing Hamas–Popular Forces conflict
Part of the Gaza war
Flag of Palestine.svg Popular Forces
Flag of Israel.svg Israel
Supported by:
Flag of Palestine.svg Palestinian Authority (denied by the PA) [153] [154] [155]
Flag of al-Qassam Brigades.svg  Hamas
20242024 2024 Israeli invasion of Lebanon
Part of the Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present), the Middle Eastern crisis (2023–present) and the Israeli–Lebanese conflict

Flag of Israel.svg Israel

InfoboxHez.PNG Hezbollah

Flag of Lebanon.svg Lebanon [o] [163]

Flag of the United Nations.svg UNIFIL [p]

20242024 2024 Syrian opposition offensives
Part of the Syrian civil war

[q]
2024Ongoing Jubaland crisis Flag of Jubaland (Somalia).svg Jubaland
Supported by:
Flag of Ethiopia.svg Ethiopia [177]
Flag of Somalia.svg Somalia
Supported by:
Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey [178]
2024Ongoing Assadist Insurgency in Syria Syria

Saraya Ansar al-Sunnah

Assadist Insutgents:

Popular Resistance of the Eastern Region Syrian Popular Resistance

Military Council for the Liberation of Syria

Islamic Resistance Front in Syria

Coastal Shield Brigade

Rijal al Nour

Support by :

Hezbollah

Iran

20252025 2025 Goma offensive and others

Part of the M23 campaign

Congo River Alliance

Flag of Rwanda.svg Rwanda

20252025 2025 Nasir clashes

Part of the aftermath of the South Sudanese Civil War

Nuer White Army Flag.svg Nuer White Army

Flag of South Sudan.svg South Sudan
Flag of Uganda.svg Uganda (9 March–1 April)


Flag of the United Nations.svg UNMISS

20252025 2025 India–Pakistan conflict

Part of India–Pakistani wars and conflicts, 2025 India–Pakistan crisis, Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir and Kashmir conflict

Flag of India.svg India

Flag of Pakistan.svg Pakistan

20252025 2025 Tripoli clashes

Part of the Libyan crisis

Seal of the Government of National Unity (Libya).svg Government of National Unity

Seal of the Stability Support Apparatus (Libya).png Stability Support Apparatus
Libya Shield Force.png Libya Shield Force


Crest of RADA Special Deterrence Forces.svg Special Deterrence Forces

20252025 2025 Cambodian-Thai border crisis

Flag of Cambodia.svg Cambodia

Flag of Thailand.svg Thailand

20252025 Iran–Israel war

Part of the Iran–Israel conflict (2024–2025)

Flag of Israel.svg Israel
Flag of the United States.svg United States

Flag of Iran.svg Iran
Slogan of the Houthi Movement.svg  Houthis
Shiite Resistance flag.svg Islamic Resistance in Iraq

2025Ongoing Southern Syria clashes (July 2025-present) Flag of Druze.svg Druze armed groups

Flag of Israel.svg Israel

Flag of Syria (2025-).svg Syria
2025Ongoing 2025 U.S. military campaign against cartels Flag of the United States.svg United States Cartel de Jalisco Nueva Generacion logo 3.png CJNG
Cartel De Sinaloa.png Sinaloa Cartel
Tren de Aragua
La Familia - la vida loca 2014-05-05 16-41.jpg LNFM

Flag of Venezuela.svg Venezuela
General de Brigada (PNG).png Cartel of the Suns (alleged)

20252025 2025 Afghanistan–Pakistan conflict Flag of the Taliban.svg  Afghanistan Flag of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan
  1. Denied by Azerbaijan [12] [13] and Turkey. [14]
  2. former New Democratic Army – Kachin, Lahu Democratic Front, Karen National Army
  3. Despite having issued a public statement of support for anti-junta resistance in April 2021, the ZRA has been supplied by and worked alongside the junta to attack resistance [26] [27]
  4. Hundreds of anti-SAC local defence forces are strewn across the country, which operate unconventionally, carrying out hit-and-run attacks, targeted killings, ambushes, remote bombings and a small number of rocket attacks. [36]
  5. Besides Hamas and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad, FDD's Long War Journal identified the following militant groups as having fought in the 2021 conflict: Jihad Jibril Brigades, Humat al-Aqsa, Jaysh al-Ummah, Katibat al-Sheikh al-Emireen, Mujahideen Brigades, Abdul al-Qadir al-Husseini Brigades, and two al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades splinter factions. [40]
  6. In 2022, Belarus allowed Russia to use its territory to launch the invasion [48] [49] [50] and to launch missiles into Ukraine. [51] See: Belarusian involvement in the Russian invasion of Ukraine
  7. in the Bashkortostan region only
  8. Rwandan involvement was first alleged by the DR Congo, [80] a claim which was later substantiated by the findings of researchers tasked by the United Nations. [81] [82] Rwanda has denied its support for M23. [80]
  9. See § Foreign involvement for more details.
  10. See § Foreign involvement for more details.
  11. See List of military aid to Israel during the Gaza war and American involvement
  12. Popular Forces have been described as a Salafi Jihadist organisation with alleged ties to the Islamic State
  13. From May 2024 [132] [133]
  14. From November 2024 [152]
  15. The Lebanese government stated they will stay out of the conflict between Hezbollah and Israel, but would respond to Israeli attacks on their positions.
  16. Although UNIFIL is a peacekeeping force and is not actively engaged in hostilities, its positions have been targeted and its peacekeepers have suffered casualties. [164]
  17. Armament support only.

Notes

    1. Though the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan ceased to exist on 15 August 2021, many soldiers, officials and other loyalists relocated to Panjshir and rallied under its banner. These elements and exiled officials claimed to maintain the republic in some form, [42] with Amrullah Saleh styling himself "caretaker" president.
    2. Freedom Corps, Liberation Front of Afghanistan, Soldiers of Hazaristan, Freedom and Democracy Front, High Council of Resistance, Atta Mohammad Noor's militia, ect.

    References

    1. Phillips, Tom; Côté-Paluck, Etienne (25 June 2024). "Haitians wary as Kenyan police arrive on latest US-backed mission". The Guardian. ISSN   0261-3077 . Retrieved 6 July 2024.
    2. "Haitians wary as Kenyan police arrive on latest US-backed mission". The Associated Press. 12 September 2024. Retrieved 28 October 2024.
    3. 1 2 "Military police, soldiers from Guatemala, El Salvador arrive in Haiti to help fight gangs". Miami Herald. 3 January 2025. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
    4. "US greenlights $60M in military assistance to Haiti amid rampant gang violence". Politico . 4 May 2024.
    5. "Haiti Receives 10 New Armored Vehicles from United States Amid Interna". www.armyrecognition.com.
    6. "DoD Support to Haiti". www.southcom.mil.
    7. "Canadian Armed Forces members deploy to Jamaica to train CARICOM troops for Multinational Security Support mission in Haiti". 30 March 2024.
    8. "France welcomes the renewal of the Multinational Security Support Mission in Haiti". 30 September 2024.
    9. "Принуждение к конфликту" [Coercion to conflict]. Kommersant (in Russian). 16 October 2020. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
    10. Kramer, Andrew E. (29 January 2021). "Armenia and Azerbaijan: What Sparked War and Will Peace Prevail?". The New York Times . Retrieved 4 March 2021. Armenia has said that Turkey was directly involved in the fighting in and around Nagorno-Karabakh, and that a Turkish F-16 fighter shot down an Armenian jet. Turkey denied those accusations.
    11. Tsvetkova, Maria; Auyezov, Olzhas (9 November 2020). "Analysis: Russia and Turkey keep powder dry in Nagorno-Karabakh conflict". Reuters . Retrieved 4 March 2021. Turkey's support for Azerbaijan has been vital, and Azerbaijan's superior weaponry and battlefield advances have reduced its incentive to reach a lasting peace deal. Ankara denies its troops are involved in fighting but Aliyev has acknowledged some Turkish F-16 fighter jets remained in Azerbaijan after a military drill this summer, and there are reports of Russian and Turkish drones being used by both sides.
    12. "Azerbaijan denies Turkey sent it fighters from Syria". 28 September 2020. Archived from the original on 7 October 2020. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
    13. "Nagorno-Karabakh: Azerbaijan accuses Armenia of rocket attack". The Guardian. 5 October 2020. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
    14. "Türkiye'nin Dağlık Karabağ'a paralı asker gönderdiği iddiası" (in Turkish). Deutsche Welle. 29 September 2020. Archived from the original on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
    15. Ed Butler (10 December 2020). "The Syrian mercenaries used as 'cannon fodder' in Nagorno-Karabakh". BBC . Retrieved 23 July 2024. Although Azerbaijan and its ally Turkey deny the use of mercenaries, researchers have amassed a considerable amount of photographic evidence, drawn from videos and photographs the fighters have posted online, which tells a different story.
    16. Cookman, Liz (5 October 2020). "Syrians Make Up Turkey's Proxy Army in Nagorno-Karabakh". Foreign Policy . Retrieved 23 July 2024. According to sources within the Syrian National Army (SNA), the umbrella term for a group of opposition militias backed by Turkey, around 1,500 Syrians have so far been deployed to the disputed Nagorno-Karabakh region in the southern Caucasus ... Shortly after conflict erupted between Armenia and Azerbaijan, Turkey sought to mobilize the SNA, sometimes called Turkey's proxy army ... The first fighters were transferred in late September to southern Turkey and then flown from Gaziantep to Ankara, before being transferred to Azerbaijan on Sept. 25.
    17. Anna, Cara (11 August 2021). "Ethiopia armed group says it has alliance with Tigray forces". AP News. Archived from the original on 27 October 2021. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
    18. "Leaked EU Diplomatic Cable: Delegation of the European Union to Ethiopia". Scoop. 25 August 2021. Archived from the original on 13 June 2022. Retrieved 25 August 2021.
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    20. Endeshaw, Dawit (16 July 2021). "Three more regions reinforce Ethiopia army, Amhara against Tigray forces". Reuters. Archived from the original on 3 June 2022. Retrieved 12 August 2021.
    21. "Ethiopian PM confirms Eritrean troops entered Tigray during conflict". Reuters. 23 March 2021. Archived from the original on 23 March 2021.
    22. "Eritrea confirms its troops are fighting in Ethiopia's Tigray". Al Jazeera. 17 April 2021. Archived from the original on 13 October 2022. Retrieved 20 April 2021.
    23. "Eritrea Forces Deployed in Disputed Sudan-Ethiopia Area, UN Says". Bloomberg News . 24 March 2021.
    24. "Myanmar military deployed warships in southern coast". 20 September 2023.
    25. "Murders in Yangon and Mandalay linked to Thwe Thout". Myanmar Now. 23 May 2022. Archived from the original on 23 May 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022.
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    29. "Sagaing and Magway PDFs launch guerrilla attacks on military columns". Myanmar Now . 12 October 2021. Archived from the original on 28 November 2021. Retrieved 27 December 2021.
    30. "Yangon PDF Central Command announces attacks after Kyimyindine crackdown". BNI . 7 December 2021. Archived from the original on 27 December 2021. Retrieved 27 December 2021.
    31. Lynn, Kyaw Ye. "Curfew imposed after clashes near Myanmar-China border". Anadolu Agency. Archived from the original on 24 May 2020. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
    32. "Intense clash in Mese, Karenni State". Democratic Voice of Burma (in Burmese). 20 June 2023. Archived from the original on 25 June 2023. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
    33. "The 4K, the clash in Mese, and the military movement of Karenni State". People's Spring (in Burmese). 20 June 2023. Archived from the original on 2 July 2023. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
    34. Ethnic Pa-O Group Exits Myanmar Peace Talks, Formally Joins War Against Dictatorship. Yuzana. January 27, 2024. The Irrawaddy. Archived January 27, 2024, at the Wayback Machine
    35. The PDFs marching to their own tune. Frontier Myanmar. July 13, 2022
    36. Nicola Williams (31 May 2023). "Lower Myanmar: urban guerrillas and new patterns of resistance". IISS.
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    40. Joe Truzman (4 June 2021). "Analysis: 17 Palestinian militant factions identified in recent Gaza conflict". FDD's Long War Journal . Archived from the original on 5 June 2021. Retrieved 5 June 2021.
    41. Roggio, Bill (2 September 2021). "National Resistance Front repels multi-day Taliban assault on Panjshir | FDD's Long War Journal". www.longwarjournal.org. Archived from the original on 3 September 2021. Retrieved 3 September 2021.
    42. Ghosh, Poulomi (30 September 2021). "'Useless': Taliban say Amrullah Saleh's 'govt in exile' won't be able to deceive world". msn. Archived from the original on 9 October 2021. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
    43. "چه کسانی در سمنگان با طالبان می‌جنگند؟". ایندیپندنت فارسی (in Persian). 8 December 2021. Archived from the original on 5 April 2023. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
    44. "Afghan resistance has sanctuary in Tajikistan, but fighting Taliban a 'non-viable prospect'". France24 . 10 October 2021. Archived from the original on 5 April 2022. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
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    46. "Pakistan's Strategic Leverage and Afghanistan's Pinpoints". Modern Diplomacy.eu. 1 January 2025. The Pakistani military and intelligence agencies maintain extensive networks within Afghanistan and the Afghan diaspora, which they leverage to support resistance movements opposed to the Taliban. Groups such as the National Resistance Front (NRF), which challenge the Taliban's authority in various parts of the country, often look to Pakistan for support in their efforts.
    47. "Pakistan's Afghan dilemma: Bad options, worse outcomes". ORF Online. Pakistani media handles, believed to be acting as mouthpieces of the Pakistan Army, declared that the ISI was now engaging rag-tag Afghan resistance groups based in Tajikistan, like the National Resistance Front (NRF). They pointed to the sudden increase in activity of the NRF and other anti-Taliban groups in Afghanistan, hinting that this was, in part, because Pakistan had started backing these groups as payback for the Taliban backing the TTP.
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    49. "Этот поезд в огне: как российские партизаны поджигают военкоматы и пускают поезда под откос" [This train is on fire: how Russian partisans set fire to military enlistment offices and derail trains]. The Insider (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2 June 2023. Retrieved 26 August 2022.
    50. ""Рельсовые диверсанты" сообщили о сходе поезда в Твери". Archived from the original on 14 July 2022. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
    51. "Жечь военкоматы и готовиться к революции. Представители антипутинского подполья о жизни после мобилизации" [Burn the military commissariats and prepare for the revolution. Representatives of the anti-Putin underground about life after mobilization]. Vot Tak (Belsat) (in Russian). Retrieved 24 September 2022.
    52. Smart, Jason Jay (23 August 2022). "Exclusive interview: Russia's NRA Begins Activism". Kyiv Post . Archived from the original on 9 July 2023. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
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