The federative units of Brazil are subnational entities with a certain degree of autonomy and endowed with their own government and constitution, which together form the Federative Republic of Brazil. There are 26 states and one federal district. The states are generally based on historical, conventional borders which have developed over time. The states are divided into municipalities, while the Federal District assumes the competences of both a state and a municipality.
The Northeast Region of Brazil is one of the five official and political regions of the country according to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Of Brazil's twenty-six states, it comprises nine: Maranhão, Piauí, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe and Bahia, along with the Fernando de Noronha archipelago.
Human rights in Brazil include the right to life and freedom of speech; and condemnation of slavery and torture. The nation ratified the American Convention on Human Rights. The 2017 Freedom in the World report by Freedom House gives Brazil a score of "2" for both political rights and civil liberties; "1" represents the most free, and "7", the least.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) rights in Brazil rank among the highest in the world. Same-sex couples in Brazil have enjoyed the same rights guaranteed to heterosexual ones since 16 May 2013, including marriage and adoption. On June 13, 2019, the Brazilian Supreme Court ruled that discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity is a crime akin to racism.
The Republicans, formerly the Brazilian Republican Party and originally formed as the Municipalist Renewal Party, is a Brazilian political party. Its electoral number, the numerical assignment for Brazilian political parties, is 10.
The 2009 swine flu pandemic spread to Brazil on April 25, 2009, with two people, spreading to 34 over the first two weeks. CDC calculate that Africa and Southeast Asia, which have 38% of the world's population, accounted for a disproportionate 51% of the deaths.
A Haitian Brazilian is a Brazilian person of full, partial, or predominantly Haitian ancestry, or a Haitian-born person residing in Brazil.
Events in the year 2010 in Brazil.
Ana Montenegro was a Brazilian author, journalist, activist, editor, and poet. She was a militant communist and lived in exile for more than 15 years after the 1964 coup. She was a lawyer who advised on human rights and women's rights issues and actively fought against racism. She wrote extensively on women's issues, from their health to their socio-economic rights; the legal-cultural struggle of blacks against racism; and the struggles of urban and rural workers to gain their rights under the Constitution. After returning from exile, she was honored by her local bar association, her state, and the nation of Brazil for her human rights work. In 2005, she was one of the 1000 women nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize.
Flávio Dino de Castro e Costa is a Brazilian attorney, Supreme Court Justice, politician and professor. A former federal judge, Dino was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 2006 under the Communist Party banner, serving a four-year term until 2011, representing the state of Maranhão. He was elected as the governor of Maranhão after running in the 2014 election. He became the governor of Maranhão on 1 January 2015. He was reelected in 2018. In 2021, Dino left the Communist Party to join the Socialist Party, and was appointed Minister of Justice by President Lula.
Carlos Orleans Brandão Júnior is a Brazilian politician affiliated to the Brazilian Socialist Party. He is currently the governor of Maranhão, after the resignation of Flávio Dino in April 2, 2022. He was the Vice Governor of Maranhão between 2015 and 2022, and was reelected in 2018 in Flávio Dino's gubernatorial ticket. Previously, he was a Federal Deputy for Maranhão for two consecutive terms. He holds a degree in Veterinary Medicine at the State University of Maranhão.
Rui Costa dos Santos is a Brazilian economist and politician who has served as the Chief of Staff of the Presidency since 1 January 2023. He previously served as governor of Bahia from January 2015 to December 2022. He is affiliated with the Workers' Party (PT).
Sônia Bone de Souza Silva Santos, usually known as Sônia Guajajara, is a Brazilian indigenous activist, environmentalist, and politician. A member of the Socialism and Liberty Party (PSOL), she was initially a candidate for President of Brazil in the 2018 Brazilian general election, before being chosen as the vice presidential running mate of nominee Guilherme Boulos. This made her the first indigenous person to run for a federal executive position in Brazil. In 2022, Guajajara was named one of the 100 most influential people in the world by Time.
Events in the year 2019 in Brazil.
Abraham Bragança de Vasconcellos Weintraub is a Brazilian economist and investment banker who served as Brazil's Minister of Education from 2019 to 2020. He served as the Executive Director for the World Bank from the 15th district from 2020 to 2022, when he resigned his post in order to run in the 2022 São Paulo gubernatorial election.
Events in the year 2020 in Brazil.
Events in the year 2021 in Brazil.
Hamilton Moreira de Assis, known as Hamilton Assis, is a Brazilian labor leader, left-wing activist, teacher, and politician from Salvador, Bahia. A former director of the Central Única dos Trabalhadores (CUT) in Bahia, he has run for office several times as a member of the Socialism and Liberty Party (PSOL), most recently in 2018 where he stood as an unsuccessful candidate for the party's presidential nomination. Over the course of his career, Assis has held positions in the Bahia chapters of both PSOL and the Workers' Party (PT).
Jerônimo Rodrigues Souza is a Brazilian indigenous politician, agricultural professor, and bureaucrat who was elected Governor of Bahia in 2022 election. Winning against ACM Neto in an upset, Jerônimo, a professor at State University of Feira de Santana, became the first self declared indigenous governor in the history of Brazil. He previously served as an advisor in technology to Governor Jaques Wagner, as an advisor to the Rousseff government, and as head of multiple ministries in the government of Rui Costa, rising through the ranks of governmental management. He is a member of the Workers' Party.
