The Brazilian diaspora is the migration of Brazilians to other countries, a mostly recent phenomenon that has been driven mainly by economic recession and hyperinflation that afflicted Brazil in the 1980s and early 1990s, and since 2014, by the political and economic crisis that culminated in the impeachment of Dilma Rousseff in 2016 and the election of Jair Bolsonaro in 2018, as well as the re-election of Luís Inácio Lula da Silva in 2022,[3] in addition to chronic violence in Brazilian urban centers.[4][5][6]
There are an estimated 4,4 million Brazilians living abroad,[7]:4 mainly in the U.S. (1,905,000),[8] Paraguay (245,850),[8] Portugal (275,000), United Kingdom (220,000), Japan (212,325),[9] Spain (165,000), Italy (162,000), Germany (138,955) and Canada (122,400).[8]
There were an estimated 246,000 Brazilian Americans as of 2007.[10] Another source gives an estimate of some 800,000 Brazilians living in the U.S. in 2000,[11] while still another estimates that as of 2008[update] some 1,100,000 Brazilians live in the United States, 300,000 of them in Florida.[12] As of 2022, Brazil's Ministry of Foreign Affairs estimates some 1,905,000 Brazilians living in the United States.[8] Major concentrations are in Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, Georgia, Florida, Wisconsin, and California.
West 46th Street has historically been a commercial center for Brazilians living or visiting New York City. In 1995 the city officially recognized it as "Little Brazil Street".
In Massachusetts, there is a very small but significant concentration of Brazilian immigrants in the town of Framingham, which in recent years has spilt out into the neighboring towns of Marlborough and Hudson, among others. In the Brazilian community, it is said that Pompano Beach in Florida has the greatest concentration of Brazilians in the USA. The Brazilian communities in these towns are vibrant, having contributed much to the local cuisine and culture, but Brazilian immigrants often feel discriminated against and are often thought to be illegal immigrants by their non-Brazilian neighbors.[13]
A disproportionate number of Brazilians who have emigrated to the US came from the town of Governador Valadares, in the state of Minas Gerais.
In New Jersey, there are almost 15,000 of Brazilian ancestry in Essex County. The Brazilian diaspora has impacted the lifestyle of this county. They have built a community based on diversity and relatability. Creating a new home to replicate their pátria mãe (motherland). In Newark New Jersey, there is an area referred to as the Ironbound.[14] This is a heavily populated area by Brazilians because there was an influx of migrants.
There are no precise figures for the number of Brazilians living in the UK.[15] The 1991 Census recorded 9,301 Brazilian-born people in the UK,[15] and the 2001 Census recorded 15,215.[16] In 2004, the Brazilian Consulate in London recorded 13,000 Brazilians who had voluntarily registered themselves with them, but said this was not an accurate figure for the number living in the UK; the Brazilian Embassy estimated that figure to be about 80,000.[15] The Office for National Statistics estimates suggest that there were 56,000 Brazilian-born people resident in the UK in 2008.[17] In 2015, the Brazilian Consulate estimated a total of 120,000 Brazilians resident in the UK.[18] The ONS estimated that in 2018, 87,000 people born in Brazil were living in the UK.[19] As of 2022, about 220,000 Brazilians live in United Kingdom.[8]
The majority of Brazilians living in Japan are of Japanese descent, and the Immigration Act was altered to allow children and grandchildren of Japanese nationals, as well as their non-Japanese spouse, to receive a work permit easily. Reasons for the migration of Brazilians were mainly economic. Brazilians sought out opportunities to improve their life, escape unemployment, and also to support their family. In contrast, cultural factors were considered not important as a reason for migrating to Japan.[20] Most of them live in industrial areas where there used to be a plenty of job offers at factories, such as Aichi, Shizuoka and Gunma Prefectures, among others. While approximately 300,000 Brazilians lived there at its climax, the economic crisis in 2008 slashed their job and more than a third of them have decided to return to Brazil. As of June 2024, there were 212,325 Brazilian nationals in Japan.[21]
Portugal has grown to be a popular destination for Brazilian migrants because of their similar language and culture. The very simple procedure for Brazilians to obtain Portuguese citizenship is one of the main causes. Many Brazilians have been able to obtain dual nationality after Portugal changed its nationality rules to permit any grandchild of a certified Portuguese citizen to apply for citizenship, which has increased the number of Brazilians migrating to Portugal. Portugal is a desirable travel destination because of this legislation as well as the cultural similarities between the two nations. Brazilian pop culture is also well-known to the Portuguese, which facilitates the assimilation of Brazilian immigrants.
As a result, Brazilians make up a sizable portion of the immigrant population in Portugal, accounting for almost 25% of all foreign residents. Since the mid-2010s, there has been an increase in the number of qualified professionals, including engineers, IT specialists, and health workers. Even though a large number of Brazilian immigrants have advanced degrees, they frequently struggle to find employment that matches their skills, which occasionally forces them to work in industries like construction, services, or elder care. Despite these difficulties, Portugal's friendly atmosphere, pleasant temperature, and tranquil way of life draw a lot of migrants. Portuguese social and economic life is significantly influenced by the Brazilian community, which is still thriving, especially in Lisbon, Porto, and Setúbal.[23]
Paraguay
Brazilians and their descendants living in Paraguay are called Brasiguayos. This numerous community of landowners is mainly involved in agriculture.
There is a large population of Brazilians present in Switzerland although the exact number is difficult to pinpoint due to a majority of them being undocumented. The Switzerland Federal Department of Statistics has the population of Brazilians residing in Switzerland to 14,108, but the Brazil Ministry of Foreign Relations has the number close to 60,000 Brazilians in Switzerland.[24]
During the late 1990's Brazilians migrated to Ireland to work in meat processing shops in small towns due to the severe labour shortages that was present during the time, a majority of them were considered undocumented. Brazilians in Ireland were also mistreated by certain business owners, preferably towards the ones who barely spoke english and were undocumented. For example, in a certain case which saw five Brazilians sue a plant owner due to having worked long hours, weren't being paid what was promised, and receiving illegal deductions from their wages. It's also been reported that some Brazilians in the late 2000s were being paid around €5 an hour for an 8-hour working day which significantly below the minimum average at around €8.30.[25]
The total amount of Brazilians that were present in Ireland from the years 2002-2013 was clocked in at 8,704 which came from the Ireland census.[25]
Statistics
A world map showing the estimated distribution and concentration of people of Brazilian descent or ancestry by country.
1Data from 2018 - In 2020, Brazil closed its embassy in Caracas during the Venezuelan presidential crisis. The embassy is reopening in 2023.[26]
2The Brazilian Embassy in Port of Spain is responsible for Brazilians in Trinidad and Tobago, Aruba and Curaçao. There are 250 Brazilians living in Aruba, 200 in Curaçao and 113 in Trinidad and Tobago.[8]
5In the case of European Union countries, due to the Schengen Space, Brazilians registered in other consulates or those who hold dual citizenship might live in other countries. The Consulate of Brazil in Brussels is responsible for Brazilians in Luxembourg. There are 8.000 Brazilians living in Luxembourg.[8]
6The Embassy of Brazil in Sófia is also responsible for Brazilians in North Macedonia.[8]
7The Embassy of Brazil to Denmark is responsible for Brazilians in Lithuania.[8]
8 The Consulate of Brazil in Barcelona is responsible for Brazilians in Andorra.[8]
9 The Embassy of Brazil in Oslo is also responsible for Brazilians in Iceland. There are 287 Brazilians living in Iceland.[8]
10The Consulates of Brazil in Italy are responsible for Brazilians in Malta and San Marino.[8]
11The Embassy of Brazil to Ukraine is responsible for Brazilians in Moldova. There are 12 Brazilians living in Moldova.[8]
12The Embassy of Brazil to France is responsible for Brazilians in Monaco. There are 100 Brazilians living in Monaco.[8]
13The Embassy of Brazil to Serbia is responsible for Brazilians in Montenegro. There are 41 Brazilians living in Montenegro.[8]
14The Embassy of Brazil to Sweden is responsible for Brazilians in Latvia.[8]
15The Consulate of Brazil in Zurich is responsible for Brazilians in Liechtenstein.[8]
16The Embassy of Brazil to Saudi Arabia is responsible for Brazilians in Yemen.[8]
17The Embassy of Brazil in Pretoria is responsible for Brazilians in Lesotho and Mauritius.[8]
18The Embassy of Brazil to Benin is also responsible for Brazilians in Niger.[8]
19The Embassy of Brazil to Kenya is responsible for Brazilians in Burundi, Rwanda, Somalia and Uganda. There are 280 Brazilians living in Kenya, 15 in Burundi, 35 in Rwanda, 20 in Somalia and 50 in Uganda.[8]
20The Embassy of Brazil to Cameroon is responsible for Brazilians in Chad. There are 16 Brazilians living in Chad.[8]
21The Embassy of Brazil to Egypt is responsible for Brazilians in Eritrea.[8]
22The Embassy of Brazil to Mozambique is responsible for Brazilians in Eswatini and Madagascar. There are 9 Brazilians living in Eswatini and 20 in Madagascar.[8]
23The Embassy of Brazil to Ethiopia is responsible for Brazilians in Djibouti and South Sudan.[8]
24The Embassy of Brazil to Ghana is responsible for Brazilians in Liberia and Sierra Leone.[8]
32The Embassy of Brazil to India is responsible for Brazilians in Bhutan.[8]
33The Embassy of Brazil to Pakistan is responsible for Brazilians in Afghanistan and Tajikistan. There are 4 Brazilians living in Tajikistan.[8]
34The Embassy of Brazil to Sri Lanka is responsible for Brazilians in Maldives.[8]
35The Embassy of Brazil to Russia is responsible for Brazilians in Uzbekistan. There are 6 Brazilians living in Uzbekistan.[8]
36The Embassy of Brazil to Australia is responsible for Brazilians in Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu, Fiji, Nauru and Solomon Islands. There are 5 Brazilians living in Papua New Guinea, 10 in Vanuatu and 5 in Fiji.[27]
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs is responsible for managing the foreign relations of Brazil. Brazil has the largest economy in Latin America and is a key political and economic power on the world stage. Brazil's foreign policy reflects its role as a regional power and a potential world power and is designed to help protect the country's national interests, national security, ideological goals, and economic prosperity.
Japanese Brazilians are Brazilian citizens who are nationals or naturals of Japanese ancestry or Japanese immigrants living in Brazil or Japanese people of Brazilian ancestry. Japanese immigration to Brazil peaked between 1908 and 1960, with the highest concentration between 1926 and 1935. In 2022, Japan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated that there were 2 million Japanese descendants in Brazil, making it the country with the largest population of Japanese origin outside Japan. However, in terms of Japanese citizens, Brazil ranked seventh in 2023, with 46.9 thousand Japanese citizens. Most of the Japanese-descendant population in Brazil has been living in the country for three or more generations and most only hold Brazilian citizenship. Nikkei is the term used to refer to Japanese people and their descendants.
Latin Americans are the citizens of Latin American countries.
Asian Brazilians refers to Brazilian citizens or residents of Asian ancestry. The vast majority trace their origins to Western Asia, particularly Lebanon, or East Asia, namely Japan. The Brazilian census does not use "Asian" as a racial category, though the term "yellow" refers to people of East Asian ethnic origin.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs conducts Brazil's foreign relations with other countries. It is commonly referred to in Brazilian media and diplomatic jargon as Itamaraty, after the palace which houses the ministry. Since 1 January 2023, the minister responsible is Mauro Vieira.
Brazilians are the citizens of Brazil. A Brazilian can also be a person born abroad to a Brazilian parent or legal guardian as well as a person who acquired Brazilian citizenship. Brazil is a multiethnic society, which means that it is home to people of many ethnic origins, and there is no correlation between one's stock and their Brazilian identity.
There is a significant community of Brazilians in Japan, consisting largely but not exclusively of Brazilians of Japanese descent. Brazilians with Japanese descent are commonly known as Nikkei Brazilians or Brazilian Japanese people. They constitute the largest number of native Portuguese speakers in Asia, greater than those of formerly Portuguese East Timor, Macao and Goa combined. Likewise, Brazil maintains its status as home to the largest Japanese community outside Japan.
Brazilians in the United Kingdom or Brazilian Britons including Brazilian-born immigrants to the UK and their British-born descendants form the single largest Latin American group in the country.
Lebanese Brazilians, are Brazilians of full or partial Lebanese ancestry, including Lebanese-born immigrants to Brazil. According to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, they form some of the largest Asian communities in the country, along with other West Asian and East Asian descendants.
Brazil had an official resident population of 203 million in 2022, according to IBGE. Brazil is the seventh most populous country in the world and the second most populous in the Americas and Western Hemisphere.
The Bangladeshi diaspora are people of Bangladeshi birth, descent or origin who live outside of Bangladesh. First-generation migrants may have moved abroad from Bangladesh for various reasons including better living conditions, to escape poverty, to support their financial condition, or to send money back to families there. The Ministry of Expatriates' Welfare and Overseas Employment estimates there are almost 7.5 million Bangladeshis living abroad, the fourth highest among the top 176 countries of origin for international migrants. Annual remittances transferred to Bangladesh were almost $23 billion in 2023, the seventh highest in the world and the third highest in South Asia.
Brazil–Japan relations are the current and historical international relations between Brazil and Japan. The diplomatic relations were officially established on 5 November 1895 with the Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation signed in Paris. Early relations were dominated by the Japanese immigration issues. The total number of Japanese immigrants reached 190,000 in the pre-World War II period. Now, more than 2 million Brazilians are of Japanese descent, making Brazil host to the largest Japanese community outside Japan. At the same time, Japan is host to the third largest Brazilian population, most being of Japanese origin. Both nations are members of the G4 nations, G20 and World Trade Organization.
Gosei is a Japanese diasporic term used in countries, particularly in North America and South America, to specify the great-great-grandchildren of Japanese immigrants (Issei). The children of Issei are Nisei. Sansei are the third generation, and their offspring are Yonsei. The children of at least one Yonsei parent are called Gosei.
Italian Brazilians are Brazilians of full or partial Italian descent, whose ancestors were Italians who emigrated to Brazil during the Italian diaspora, or more recent Italian-born people who've settled in Brazil. Italian Brazilians are the largest number of people with full or partial Italian ancestry outside Italy, with São Paulo being the most populous city with Italian ancestry in the world. Nowadays, it is possible to find millions of descendants of Italians, from the southeastern state of Minas Gerais to the southernmost state of Rio Grande do Sul, with the majority living in São Paulo state. Small southern Brazilian towns, such as Nova Veneza, have as much as 95% of their population of Italian descent.
This article delineates the issue of immigration in different countries.
Brazilians in France number approximately 181,500 and form the largest immigrant group from Latin America in France. Nearly half of them live in French Guiana, including many who have crossed the border illegally.
↑ The Massachusetts Legal Services Diversity Coalition (2004). "Brazilian Immigration". Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 7 November 2012.
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United States 
Portugal 
Paraguay 
United Kingdom 
Japan 
Spain 
Italy 
Germany 
Canada 
Argentina 
France 
French Guiana 
Switzerland 
Ireland 
Belgium 
Netherlands 
Australia 
Uruguay 
Bolivia 
Mexico 
Suriname 
Lebanon 
Chile 
Sweden 
Israel 
Angola 
Venezuela 
Guyana 
Norway 
