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Pano-Tacanan is a proposed family of languages spoken in Peru, western Brazil, Bolivia and northern Paraguay. There are two close-knit branches, Panoan and Tacanan, with 33 languages. There are lexical and grammatical similarities between the two branches, but it has not yet been demonstrated that these are genetic.
Panoan is a family of languages spoken in western Brazil, eastern Peru, and northern Bolivia. It is possibly a branch of a larger Pano–Tacanan family.
Tacanan is a family of languages spoken in Bolivia, with Ese’ejja also spoken in Peru. It may be related to the Panoan languages. Many of the languages are endangered.
Shipibo is a Panoan language spoken in Peru and Brazil by approximately 26,000 speakers. Shipibo is a recognized indigenous language of Peru.
The Amahuaca or Amhuaca are indigenous peoples of the southeastern Amazon Basin in Peru and Brazil. Isolated until the 18th century, they are currently under threat from ecological devastation, disease and violence brought by oil extractors and illegal loggers. In 1998, they numbered about 520. The largest community of the Amahuaca is in Puerto Varadero, a jungle community on the Peruvian–Brazilian border.
Matsés, also referred to as Mayoruna in Brazil, is an Indigenous language utilized by the inhabitants of the border regions of Brazil-Peru. A term that hailed from Quechua origin, Mayoruna translates in English to mayu = river; runa = people. Colonizers and missionaries during the 17th century used this term to refer to the Indigenous peoples that occupied the lower Ucayali Region, Upper Solimões and Vale do Javari.
Amahuaca is an indigenous language of the Amazon Basin in Peru and Brazil. It is also known as Amawaka, Amaguaco, Ameuhaque, Ipitineri, and Sayaco. Amahuaca is a Panoan language that is believed to be closely related to Cashinahua and Yaminawa. There around 220 speakers in Brazil, and around 328 speakers in Peru.
Cashibo, Cacataibo, Cashibo-Cacataibo, Managua, or Hagueti is an indigenous language of Peru in the region of the Aguaytía, San Alejandro, and Súngaro rivers. It belongs to the Panoan language family.
Chácobo-Pakawara is a Panoan language spoken by about 550 of 860 ethnic tribal Chácobo people of the Beni Department northwest of Magdalena, Bolivia, and 17 of 50 Pakawara. Chácobo children are learning the language as a first language, but Pakawara dialect is moribund. Karipuna may have been a variant; alternative names are Jaunavô (Jau-Navo) and Éloe.
Karipuna or Caripuná may refer to:
Macro-Panoan is a hypothetical proposal linking four language families of Peru, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Argentina that Kaufman (1994) says "seems promising". The Pano–Takanan connection is widely but not unanimously accepted. Kaufman (1990) also finds the Moseten–Chon connection fairly convincing. However, the deeper connection between these two groups is more tentative.
Kaxararí is a Panoan language of Brazil. It is spoken around the northwest border of the State of Rondônia. The Kaxarari language is the most divergent of the Mainline Panoan branch.
Marúbo is a Panoan language of Brazil.
Waninawa, also known as Kamanawa and Panoan Katukína, is a Panoan language of Brazil.
Tuxináwa (Tuchinawa) is an extinct Panoan language of Brazil. It closely resembled Yaminawa dialects.
Arazaire and Arasa are a pair of closely related languages of uncertain affiliation.
Chiriba (Chiriva) is a poorly attested language of Moxos Province, Bolivia which may have belonged to the Panoan family. All that was recorded of it was a list of seven words; several of these resemble Panoan languages, especially Pakawara, and none resemble other language families. Unattested Chumana is reported to have been related.
Matis is a language spoken by the indigenous Matis people in the state of Amazonas in Brazil.
Jandiatuba Mayoruna is an extinct indigenous language of the Brazilian Amazon basin, near the borders of Peru and Colombia.
Amazon Mayoruna is an extinct indigenous once spoken along the Amazon River, on the borders of Brazil, Peru, and Colombia. There were two dialects, known only as the dialects of the "wild" Mayoruna and the "settled" Mayoruna.
References
- ↑ W. Fleck, David (October 10, 2013). "Panoan Languages and Linguistics". Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History (99): 11.
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