Thomas P. Hardy House | |
![]() | |
Location | 1319 S. Main St., Racine, Wisconsin |
---|---|
Coordinates | 42°42′59″N87°46′55″W / 42.71639°N 87.78194°W |
Area | less than one acre |
Built | 1905 |
Architect | Frank Lloyd Wright |
Architectural style | Prairie School |
NRHP reference No. | 74000120 [1] |
Added to NRHP | December 3, 1974 |
The Thomas P. Hardy House is a Frank Lloyd Wright-designed Prairie School home in Racine, Wisconsin, United States, that was built in 1905. [2] The street-facing side of the house is mostly stucco, giving the residents privacy from the nearby sidewalk and street, but the expansive windows on the other side open up to Lake Michigan. [3]
Perched on a bluff overlooking Lake Michigan, the house is built vertically up and down the hillside, and has a partial basement. [3] The design of the seven art glass windows on the first floor facing the street is an abstraction of the floorplan of the house itself. [4] Most of the windows are either on the top level, or on the lake side. Not visible from the street side are the terrace, one story below street level, and the two-story living room which, with its upper-story balcony, opens the entire living quarters to the lake view. [5]
From 2013 to 2015, a renovation was completed on the home, including a color change back to its original terra cotta. [6]
This house demonstrates Wright's ability to fit a design to a site. Most of the homes on this street are quite close to the sidewalk, since the hill drops away from the street and towards the lake very quickly, but Wright's entryway for the Hardy house is literally at the line of the sidewalk.
The house has been considered one of Wright's classics. Henry Russell Hitchcock writes "Other dramatic possibilities of steep sites above water for these winged... houses are to be found in the Johnson house at Delavan Lake [Wisconsin] and the Scudder project for one of the islands at the Sault.... But the masterpiece is the Hardy house of 1905 at Racine." [7] [5] Kenneth Frampton states "The Hardy House . . is the purest formulation that Wright was ever to make of a symmetrical, frontalized house." [8]
Racine is a city in and the county seat of Racine County, Wisconsin, United States. It is located on the shore of Lake Michigan at the mouth of the Root River, situated 22 miles (35 km) south of Milwaukee and 60 miles (97 km) north of Chicago. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 77,816, making it the fifth-most populous city in Wisconsin. It is the principal city of the Racine metropolitan statistical area. The Racine metropolitan area is, in turn, counted as part of the greater Milwaukee combined statistical area.
The Avery Coonley House, also known as the Coonley House or Coonley Estate, is a residential estate of several buildings built on the banks of the Des Plaines River in Riverside, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago. Constructed in 1908–1912, it was designed by architect Frank Lloyd Wright. It is a National Historic Landmark and is included in another National Historic Landmark, the Riverside Historic District.
The Johnson Wax Headquarters is the corporate headquarters of the household goods company S. C. Johnson & Son in Racine, Wisconsin, United States. The original headquarters includes two buildings designed by Frank Lloyd Wright: the Administration Building, completed in April 1939, and the Research Tower, completed in November 1950. The headquarters also includes the Golden Rondelle Theater, relocated from the 1964 New York World's Fair, in addition to Fortaleza Hall and The Commons, a memorial to Samuel Curtis Johnson Jr.. Both of the original buildings were widely discussed when they were completed, and they have been depicted in several exhibits and media works. In addition, the original headquarters has received the American Institute of Architects' Twenty-five Year Award and has been designated as a National Historic Landmark.
Wingspread, also known as the Herbert F. Johnson House, is a historic house in Wind Point, Wisconsin. It was built in 1938–39 to a design by Frank Lloyd Wright for Herbert Fisk Johnson Jr., then the president of S.C. Johnson, and was considered by Wright to be one of his most elaborate and expensive house designs to date. The property is now a conference center operated by The Johnson Foundation. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1989.
The Nathan G. Moore House, also known as the Moore-Dugal Residence, is a house designed by Frank Lloyd Wright. The house was built one block south of Wright's home and studio at 333 Forest Avenue in the Chicago suburb of Oak Park, Illinois. It was originally completed in 1895 in the Tudor Revival style at the request of client Nathan Moore. Wright obliged his client's wishes, but long after disliked the house for its adherence to historical styles.
The Oscar B. Balch House is a home located in the Chicago suburb of Oak Park, Illinois, United States. The Prairie style Balch House was designed by famous architect Frank Lloyd Wright in 1911. The home was the first house Wright designed after returning from a trip to Europe with a client's wife. The subsequent social exile cost the architect friends, clients, and his family. The house is one of the first Wright houses to employ a flat roof which gives the home a horizontal linearity. Historian Thomas O'Gorman noted that the home may provide a glimpse into the subconscious mind of Wright. The Balch house is listed as a contributing property to a U.S. federally Registered Historic District.
The American System-Built Homes were modest houses in a series designed by architect Frank Lloyd Wright. They were developed between 1911 and 1917 to fulfill his interest in affordable housing but were sold commercially for just 14 months. The Wright archives include 973 drawings and hundreds of reference materials, the largest collection of any of single Wright project. Wright cancelled the project in July 1917 by successfully suing his partner Arthur Richards for payments due and didn't speak of the program again. The designs were standardized and modular, so customers could choose from one hundred and twenty nine models on seven floorplans and three roof styles. Most materials were prepared and organized at Arthur Richards' lumber yard, so there was less waste and specialized labor needed for construction. Milled and marked materials were delivered to the work site for cutting and assembly by a carpenter. Windows, doors and some cabinetry were built at the yard. Frames, shelves, trim and some fixtures were cut and assembled on site. Most wood parts had a part number and corresponding instructions and drawings for joining, fit and finish. Richards' yard also supplied plaster, concrete, paint and hardware.
Herbert and Katherine Jacobs First House, commonly referred to as Jacobs I, is a single family home located at 441 Toepfer Avenue in Madison, Wisconsin, United States. Designed by the American architect Frank Lloyd Wright, it was constructed in 1937 and may have been the first Usonian home. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 2003. The house was inscribed on the World Heritage List under the title "The 20th-Century Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright" in July 2019.
The Charles L. and Dorothy Manson home is a single-family house located at 1224 Highland Park Boulevard in Wausau, Wisconsin. Designated a National Historic Landmark, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 5, 2016, reference Number, 16000149.
The William R. Heath House was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, built from 1903 to 1905, and is located at 76 Soldiers Place in Buffalo, New York. It is built in the Prairie School architectural style. It is a contributing property in the Elmwood Historic District–East historic district and a City of Buffalo landmark.
The Eugene A. Gilmore House, also known as "Airplane" House, constructed in Madison, Wisconsin in 1908, is considered "a superb expression of Frank Lloyd Wright's mature Prairie style." The client, Eugene Allen Gilmore, served as a law professor at the nearby University of Wisconsin Law School. In 1973 the house was added to the National Register of Historic Places.
The Robert M. Lamp House is a residence built in 1903 two blocks northeast of the capitol in Madison, Wisconsin, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright for his lifelong friend "Robie" Lamp, a realtor, insurance agent, and Madison City Treasurer. The oldest Wright-designed house in Madison, its style is transitional between Chicago School and Prairie School. In 1978 the house was added to the National Register of Historic Places.
The Harvey P. Sutton House, also known as the H.P. Sutton House, is a six-bedroom, 4,000-square-foot (370 m2) Frank Lloyd Wright designed Prairie School home at 602 Norris Avenue in McCook, Nebraska. Although the house is known by her husband's name, Eliza Sutton was the driving force behind the commissioning of Wright for the design in 1905–1907 and the construction of the house in 1907–1908.
The A. P. Johnson House, also known as Campbell Residence, is a Frank Lloyd Wright-designed Prairie School home that was constructed in Delavan, Wisconsin, USA, in 1905. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
The Fred B. Jones House is part of an estate called Penwern in Delavan, Wisconsin, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright and constructed from 1900 to 1903. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.
St. Patrick's Roman Catholic Church is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Racine, Wisconsin. It is noted for its historic parish church built in 1925 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979 for its architectural significance.
The Southside Historic District is a large, prestigious historic neighborhood in Racine, Wisconsin, including over 500 contributing structures in various architectural styles. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.
Justave Mandor Matson was an architect in Racine, Wisconsin. He designed the United Laymen Bible Student Tabernacle in Racine County, Wisconsin and Wilmanor Apartments in Racine County. Matson assisted Pennsylvania firm Richter & Eiler in the design of the Holy Communion Lutheran Church (1928) at 2000 W. Sixth. He also designed Racine City Hall, Horlick High School and Park High School, as well as Mitchell Elementary and middle school. Frank Lloyd Wright replaced Madson in 1935 as the architect for S.C. Johnson's administration building. Matson is also credited with designing the Granada Theatre at 1924 Charles Street in Racine. Matson is also credited with designing St. Edwards Church in Racine and Roosevelt School in Racine.
The Keland House, also known as the Keland-Johnson House, is located in Racine, Wisconsin, United States. It was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright in 1954, almost 50 years after he designed the Thomas P. Hardy House in Racine. It is currently known as the Boyd Home.
Mrs. Clinton Walker House, also known as Cabin on the Rocks, is located on Carmel Point, near Carmel-by-the-Sea, California. The house was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright in 1948 and completed in 1952 for Mrs. Clinton "Della" Walker of Pebble Beach. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on November 17, 1977.