WR 135

Last updated
WR 135
Observation data
Epoch J2000       Equinox J2000
Constellation Cygnus
Right ascension 20h 11m 53.52729s [1]
Declination 36° 11′ 50.5323″ [1]
Apparent magnitude  (V)8.11 [2] (8.06 - 8.16 [3] )
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage Wolf-Rayet
Spectral type WC8 [4]
U−B color index −0.36 [2]
B−V color index +0.02 [2]
Variable type WR [3]
Astrometry
Proper motion (μ)RA: −2.635 [5]   mas/yr
Dec.: −6.081 [5]   mas/yr
Parallax (π)0.4746 ± 0.0326  mas [5]
Distance 1,980+180
−150 [6]   pc
Absolute magnitude  (MV)–4.78 [4]
Details
Mass 13.6 [4]   M☉
Radius 4.24 [4]   R☉
Luminosity 250,000 [4]   L☉
Temperature 63,000 [4]   K
Other designations
V1042  Cygni, WR  135, HD  192103, HIP  99525, BD+35°4013, CCDM  J20119+3612, WDS  J20119+3612
Database references
SIMBAD data

WR 135 is a variable Wolf-Rayet star located around 6,000 light years away from Earth in the constellation of Cygnus, surrounded by a faint bubble nebula blown by the intense radiation and fast wind from the star. It is just over four times the radius of the sun, but due to a temperature of 63,000 K it is 250,000 times as luminous as the sun.

WR 135, together with WR 134 and WR 137, was one of three stars in Cygnus observed in 1867 to have unusual spectra consisting of intense emission lines rather than the more normal continuum and absorption lines. These were the first members of the class of stars that came to be called Wolf-Rayet stars (WR stars) after Charles Wolf and Georges Rayet who discovered their unusual appearance. [7] It is a member of the carbon sequence of WR stars, indicated by the lack of nitrogen lines and the strength of carbon emission. WR 135 has a spectrum with CIII emission slightly stronger than CIV, leading to the assignment of a WC8 spectral type. The spectrum also shows strong HeI emission and weaker lines of HeII and CII. [8]

WR 135 is less than a degree away from WR 134 and the two are believed to lie at approximately the same distance from Earth within the Cygnus OB3 association. [9] Both stars lie within a shell of hydrogen thought to have been swept up from the interstellar medium when one or both stars were on the main sequence. The shell is over forty parsecs wide and contains about 1,830 M☉ of hydrogen. It is unclear which of the two stars is primarily responsible for creating the shell. [10]

WR 135 has two close companions. HD 228235 is an 11th magnitude star 53" away and there is also a 12th magnitude star 41" away. [11]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">WR 136</span> Star in the constellation of Cygnus

WR 136 is a Wolf–Rayet star located in the constellation Cygnus. It is in the center of the Crescent Nebula. Its age is estimated to be around 4.7 million years and it is nearing the end of its life. Within a few hundred thousand years, it is expected to explode as a supernova.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">WR 22</span> Binary star in the constellation Carina

WR 22, also known as V429 Carinae or HR 4188, is an eclipsing binary star system in the constellation Carina. The system contains a Wolf-Rayet (WR) star that is one of the most massive and most luminous stars known, and is also a bright X-ray source due to colliding winds with a less massive O class companion. Its eclipsing nature and apparent magnitude make it very useful for constraining the properties of luminous hydrogen-rich WR stars.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">WR 24</span> Wolf-Rayet star in the constellation Carina

WR 24 is a Wolf-Rayet star in the constellation Carina. It is one of the most luminous stars known. At the edge of naked eye visibility it is also one of the brightest Wolf Rayet stars in the sky.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">WR 148</span> Binary star in the constellation of Cygnus

WR 148 is a spectroscopic binary in the constellation Cygnus. The primary star is a Wolf–Rayet star and one of the most luminous stars known. The secondary has been suspected of being a stellar-mass black hole but may be a class O main sequence star.

WR 156 is a young massive and luminous Wolf–Rayet star in the constellation of Cepheus. Although it shows a WR spectrum, it is thought to be a young star still fusing hydrogen in its core.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">WR 134</span> Star in the constellation of Cygnus

WR 134 is a variable Wolf-Rayet star located around 6,000 light years away from Earth in the constellation of Cygnus, surrounded by a faint bubble nebula blown by the intense radiation and fast wind from the star. It is five times the radius of the sun, but due to a temperature over 63,000 K it is 400,000 times as luminous as the Sun.

WR 142 is a Wolf-Rayet star in the constellation Cygnus, an extremely rare star on the WO oxygen sequence. It is a luminous and very hot star, highly evolved and close to exploding as a supernova. It is suspected to be a binary star with a companion orbiting about 1 AU away.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CD Crucis</span> Eclipsing binary star system in the constellation Crux

CD Crucis, also known as HD 311884, is an eclipsing binary star system in the constellation Crux. It is around 14,000 light years away near the faint open cluster Hogg 15. The binary contains a Wolf–Rayet star and is also known as WR 47.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">WR 31a</span> Wolf Rayet star in the constellation Carina

WR 31a, commonly referred to as Hen 3-519, is a Wolf–Rayet (WR) star in the southern constellation of Carina that is surrounded by an expanding Wolf–Rayet nebula. It is not a classical old stripped-envelope WR star, but a young massive star which still has some hydrogen left in its atmosphere.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">WR 93b</span> Wolf-Rayet star in the constellation of Cygnus

WR 93b is a Wolf-Rayet star in the constellation Scorpius, an extremely rare star on the WO oxygen sequence. It appears near NGC 6357 in the tail of the scorpion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">WR 30a</span> Binary star in the constellation Carina

WR 30a is a massive spectroscopic binary in the constellation Carina. The primary is an extremely rare star on the WO oxygen sequence and the secondary a massive class O star. It appears near the Carina Nebula but is much further away.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">WR 137</span> Star in the constellation of Cygnus

WR 137 is a variable Wolf-Rayet star located around 6,000 light years away from Earth in the constellation of Cygnus.

WR 111 is a Wolf-Rayet (WR) star in the constellation Sagittarius. It is magnitude 7.8 and lies about 5,150 light-years away. It is one of the brightest and most closely studied WR stars.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">WR 140</span> Star in the constellation of Cygnus

WR 140 is a visually moderately bright Wolf-Rayet star placed within the spectroscopic binary star, SBC9 1232, whose primary star is an evolved spectral class O4-5 star. It is located in the constellation of Cygnus, lying in the sky at the centre of the triangle formed by Deneb, γ Cygni and δ Cygni.

WR 2 is a Wolf-Rayet star located around 8,000 light years away from Earth in the constellation of Cassiopeia, in the stellar association Cassiopeia OB1. It is smaller than the Sun, but due to a temperature over 140,000 K it is 282,000 times as luminous as the Sun. With a radius of 89% that of the Sun, it is the smallest known WN star in the Milky Way.

WR 3 is a Wolf-Rayet star located around 9,500 light years away from Earth in the constellation of Cassiopeia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">WR 9</span> Spectroscopic binary star system in the constellation Puppis

WR 9 is a spectroscopic binary in the constellation Puppis consisting of a Wolf-Rayet star and a class O star. It is around 12,000 light years away.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HD 152408</span> Star in the constellation of Scorpius

HD 152408, also known as WR 79a, is a Wolf-Rayet star located in the constellation Scorpius, close to the galactic plane. Its distance is around 2,020 parsecs away from the Earth.

WR 150 is a Wolf-Rayet star in the constellation of Cygnus. It is one of the early-type carbon sequence (WCE), and is of spectral type WC5. WR 150 is very far from the Earth, being 28,500 light-years from it.

WR 138a is a Wolf-Rayet star in the constellation Cygnus. It is of a very late spectral type of WN9h. The WR is also at the centre of a ring nebula and is a runaway.

References

  1. 1 2 Van Leeuwen, F. (2007). "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 474 (2): 653–664. arXiv: 0708.1752 . Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. S2CID   18759600.
  2. 1 2 3 Ducati, J. R. (2002). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Photometry in Johnson's 11-color system". CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues. 2237. Bibcode:2002yCat.2237....0D.
  3. 1 2 Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Sander, A.; Hamann, W.-R.; Todt, H. (2012). "The Galactic WC stars. Stellar parameters from spectral analyses indicate a new evolutionary sequence". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 540: A144. arXiv: 1201.6354 . Bibcode:2012A&A...540A.144S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201117830. S2CID   119182468.
  5. 1 2 3 Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 616. A1. arXiv: 1804.09365 . Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G . doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201833051 . Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  6. ↑ Crowther, Paul A.; Rate, Gemma (2020). "Unlocking Galactic Wolf–Rayet stars with Gaia DR2 – I. Distances and absolute magnitudes". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 493 (1): 1512–1529. arXiv: 1912.10125 . Bibcode:2020MNRAS.493.1512R. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz3614. S2CID   209444955.
  7. ↑ Murdin, P. (2001). "Wolf, Charles J E (1827-1918)". The Encyclopedia of Astronomy and Astrophysics. p. 4101. Bibcode:2000eaa..bookE4101.. doi:10.1888/0333750888/4101. ISBN   0333750888.
  8. ↑ Hiltner, W. A.; Schild, R. E. (1966). "Spectral Classification of Wolf-Rayet Stars". Astrophysical Journal. 143: 770. Bibcode:1966ApJ...143..770H. doi:10.1086/148556.
  9. ↑ Gervais, Simon; St-Louis, Nicole (1999). "A Large H I Shell surrounding the Wolf-Rayet Star HD 191765". The Astronomical Journal. 118 (5): 2394. Bibcode:1999AJ....118.2394G. doi: 10.1086/301065 .
  10. ↑ Sitnik, T. G.; Lozinskaya, T. A. (2009). "Structure and kinematics of the interstellar medium around WR 134 and WR 135". Astronomy Letters. 35 (2): 121. Bibcode:2009AstL...35..121S. doi:10.1134/S1063773709020066. S2CID   122124788.
  11. ↑ Mason, Brian D.; Wycoff, Gary L.; Hartkopf, William I.; Douglass, Geoffrey G.; Worley, Charles E. (2001). "The 2001 US Naval Observatory Double Star CD-ROM. I. The Washington Double Star Catalog". The Astronomical Journal. 122 (6): 3466. Bibcode:2001AJ....122.3466M. doi: 10.1086/323920 .
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.