Gliese 777

Last updated
Gliese 777
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0       Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Cygnus [1]
A
Right ascension 20h 03m 37.405s [2]
Declination +29° 53′ 48.49″ [2]
Apparent magnitude  (V)+5.73 [3]
B
Right ascension 20h 03m 26.581s [4]
Declination +29° 51′ 59.53″ [4]
Apparent magnitude  (V)+14.4 [5]
Characteristics
A
Evolutionary stage main sequence [2] [6]
Spectral type G6IV [3]
B
Evolutionary stage main sequence [7]
Spectral type M4.5V [8]
Astrometry
A
Radial velocity (Rv)−45.34±0.12 [2] km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: +683.196 mas/yr [2]
Dec.: −525.501 mas/yr [2]
Parallax (π)62.4865±0.34  mas [2]
Distance 52.2 ± 0.3  ly
(16.00 ± 0.09  pc)
Absolute magnitude  (MV)+4.73 [1]
B
Radial velocity (Rv)−44.02±0.40 [4] km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: +681.116 mas/yr [4]
Dec.: −525.863 mas/yr [4]
Parallax (π)62.5269±0.0225  mas [4]
Distance 52.16 ± 0.02  ly
(15.993 ± 0.006  pc)
Absolute magnitude  (MV)+13.3 [5]
Details
A
Mass 0.991+0.039
−0.040 [9]   M☉
Radius 1.142±0.009 [10]   R☉
Luminosity 1.114±0.007 [10]   L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.292±0.012 [10]   cgs
Temperature 5,557±22 [10]   K
Metallicity [Fe/H]0.17±0.04 [10]   dex
Rotation 40 [11] days
Rotational velocity (v sin i)2.8 [11]  km/s
Age 4.79 [3]   Gyr
B
Mass 0.21 [12]   M☉
Radius 0.24 [12]   R☉
Luminosity0.0044 [13]   L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.84 [14]   cgs
Temperature 3.169 [12]   K
Metallicity [Fe/H]0.06 [7]   dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)7.1 [14]  km/s
Age 2.5 [7]   Gyr
Other designations
Gliese 777
Gliese 777 A: HD 190360, BD+29°3872, HIP 98767, HR 7670, LHS 3510.
Gliese 777 B: G 125-55, LHS 3509
Database references
A
B
Exoplanet Archive data
ARICNS data
data2

Gliese 777, also known as HD 190360, is a binary star approximately 52 light-years away in the constellation of Cygnus. The system is also a binary star system made up of two stars and possibly a third. Three extrasolar planets are known to orbit the primary star.

Contents

Stellar components

The primary star of the system (catalogued as Gliese 777 A) is a yellow subgiant, a Sun-like star that is ceasing fusing hydrogen in its core. The star is much older than the Sun, about 6.7 billion years old. It is 4% less massive than the Sun. It is also rather metal-rich, having about 70% more "metals" (elements heavier than helium) than the Sun, which is typical for stars with extrasolar planets.

The secondary star (Gliese 777 B) is a distant, dim red dwarf star orbiting the primary at a distance of 3,000 astronomical units (0.047 light years). A faint companion has been reported, but not confirmed. [15]

Planetary system

In 2002, a discovery of a long-period, wide-orbiting, planet (Gliese 777 b) was announced by the Geneva extrasolar planet search team. [16] The planet was estimated to orbit in a circular path with low orbital eccentricity, but that estimate was increased with later measurements (e=0.36). [17] Initially therefore, the planet was believed to be a true "Jupiter-twin" but was later redefined as being more like an "eccentric Jupiter", with a mass of at least 1.5 times Jupiter and about the same size. In 2021, the true mass of Gliese 777 Ab was measured via astrometry. [18]

In 2005, further observation of the star showed another amplitude with a period of 17.1 days. [17] The mass of this second planet (Gliese 777 c) was only 18 times more than Earth, or about the same as Neptune, indicating it was one of the smallest planets discovered at the time. Initially thought to be on a circular orbital path (e = 0.01), [17] Gliese 777 c was revealed to have a more eccentric orbit with later measurements. [9]

Evidence for a third candidate planet with an orbital period around 89 days was presented in 2025. [9] It was confirmed in the same year. [19]

The HD 190360 (Gliese 777 A) planetary system [19]
Companion
(in order from star)		 Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)		 Orbital period
(years)		 Eccentricity Inclination Radius
c 26.1+25.7
−4.1  M🜨 		0.1296+0.0017
−0.0018		0.0468627(11)
(17.12 d)		0.163+0.020
−0.019		95+46
−51 ° 		—
d≥10.23+0.81
−0.80  M🜨 		0.3886±0.00460.2430±0.00010.058+0.062
−0.040		——
b 1.68+0.26
−0.16 [9]   MJ 		3.965±0.0477.906±0.0100.3342+0.0061
−0.0062		69+42
−17 [9] ° 		—

There was a METI message sent to Gliese 777. It was transmitted from Eurasia's largest radar, 70-meter Eupatoria Planetary Radar. The message was named Cosmic Call 1; it was sent on July 1, 1999, and it will arrive at Gliese 777 in April 2051. [20]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012). "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation". Astronomy Letters . 38 (5): 331. arXiv: 1108.4971 . Bibcode:2012AstL...38..331A. doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015. XHIP record for this object at VizieR.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv: 2208.00211 . Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243940 . S2CID   244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  3. 1 2 3 Ligi, R.; et al. (February 2016), "Radii, masses, and ages of 18 bright stars using interferometry and new estimations of exoplanetary parameters", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 586: 23, arXiv: 1511.03197 , Bibcode:2016A&A...586A..94L, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527054, S2CID   15941645, A94.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv: 2208.00211 . Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243940 . S2CID   244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  5. 1 2 Houdebine, Éric R.; Mullan, D. J.; Doyle, J. G.; de la Vieuville, Geoffroy; Butler, C. J.; Paletou, F. (2019). "The Mass-Activity Relationships in M and K Dwarfs. I. Stellar Parameters of Our Sample of M and K Dwarfs". The Astronomical Journal. 158 (2): 56. arXiv: 1905.07921 . Bibcode:2019AJ....158...56H. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/ab23fe .
  6. ↑ Just, A.; Jahrei, H. (2008). "The main sequence from F to K stars of the solar neighbourhood in SDSS colours". Astronomische Nachrichten. 329 (8): 790. arXiv: 0808.2111 . Bibcode:2008AN....329..790J. doi:10.1002/asna.200811030.
  7. 1 2 3 Mann, Andrew W.; Feiden, Gregory A.; Gaidos, Eric; Boyajian, Tabetha; von Braun, Kaspar (2015). "How to Constrain Your M Dwarf: Measuring Effective Temperature, Bolometric Luminosity, Mass, and Radius". The Astrophysical Journal. 804 (1): 64. arXiv: 1501.01635 . Bibcode:2015ApJ...804...64M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/804/1/64.
  8. ↑ Alonso-Floriano, F. J.; Morales, J. C.; Caballero, J. A.; Montes, D.; Klutsch, A.; Mundt, R.; Cortés-Contreras, M.; Ribas, I.; Reiners, A.; Amado, P. J.; Quirrenbach, A.; Jeffers, S. V. (2015). "CARMENES input catalogue of M dwarfs. I. Low-resolution spectroscopy with CAFOS". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 577: A128. arXiv: 1502.07580 . Bibcode:2015A&A...577A.128A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201525803.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 Giovinazzi, Mark R.; Blake, Cullen H.; Robertson, Paul; Lin, Andrea S. J.; Gupta, Arvind F.; Mahadevan, Suvrath; Fernandes, Rachel B.; Wright, Jason T.; Daniella Bardalez Gagliuffi; Dong, Jiayin; Fitzmaurice, Evan; Halverson, Samuel; Kanodia, Shubham; Logsdon, Sarah E.; Luhn, Jacob K.; McElwain, Michael W.; Monson, Andy; Ninan, Joe P.; Rajagopal, Jayadev; Roy, Arpita; Schwab, Christian; Stefánsson, Gudmundur; Terrien, Ryan; Eastman, Jason D.; Horner, Jonathan; Plavchan, Peter; Wang, Sharon X.; Wilson, Maurice L.; Wittenmyer, Robert A. (2025). "The NEID Earth Twin Survey. II. Dynamical Masses in Seven High-acceleration Star Systems". The Astronomical Journal. 170 (1): 52. arXiv: 2505.12563 . Bibcode:2025AJ....170...52G. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/add922 .
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 Karovicova, I.; White, T. R.; Nordlander, T.; Casagrande, L.; Ireland, M.; Huber, D. (13 September 2021). "Fundamental stellar parameters of benchmark stars from CHARA interferometry -- II. Dwarf stars". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 658: A47. arXiv: 2109.06203 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141833. ISSN   0004-6361.
  11. 1 2 Tejada Arevalo, Roberto A.; Winn, Joshua N.; Anderson, Kassandra R. (2021). "Further Evidence for Tidal Spin-up of Hot Jupiter Host Stars". The Astrophysical Journal. 919 (2): 138. arXiv: 2107.05759 . Bibcode:2021ApJ...919..138T. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac1429 .
  12. 1 2 3 Sebastian, D.; Gillon, M.; Ducrot, E.; Pozuelos, F. J.; Garcia, L. J.; Günther, M. N.; Delrez, L.; Queloz, D.; Demory, B. O.; Triaud, A. H. M. J.; Burgasser, A.; De Wit, J.; Burdanov, A.; Dransfield, G.; Jehin, E.; McCormac, J.; Murray, C. A.; Niraula, P.; Pedersen, P. P.; Rackham, B. V.; Sohy, S.; Thompson, S.; Van Grootel, V. (2021). "SPECULOOS: Ultracool dwarf transit survey. Target list and strategy". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 645. arXiv: 2011.02069 . Bibcode:2021A&A...645A.100S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202038827.
  13. ↑ Hardegree-Ullman, Kevin K.; Apai, Dániel; Bergsten, Galen J.; Pascucci, Ilaria; López-Morales, Mercedes (2023). "Bioverse: A Comprehensive Assessment of the Capabilities of Extremely Large Telescopes to Probe Earth-like O2 Levels in Nearby Transiting Habitable-zone Exoplanets". The Astronomical Journal. 165 (6): 267. arXiv: 2304.12490 . Bibcode:2023AJ....165..267H. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/acd1ec .
  14. 1 2 Jönsson, Henrik; Holtzman, Jon A.; Allende Prieto, Carlos; Cunha, Katia; García-Hernández, D. A.; Hasselquist, Sten; Masseron, Thomas; Osorio, Yeisson; Shetrone, Matthew; Smith, Verne; Stringfellow, Guy S.; Bizyaev, Dmitry; Edvardsson, Bengt; Majewski, Steven R.; Mészáros, Szabolcs; Souto, Diogo; Zamora, Olga; Beaton, Rachael L.; Bovy, Jo; Donor, John; Pinsonneault, Marc H.; Poovelil, Vijith Jacob; Sobeck, Jennifer (2020). "APOGEE Data and Spectral Analysis from SDSS Data Release 16: Seven Years of Observations Including First Results from APOGEE-South". The Astronomical Journal. 160 (3): 120. arXiv: 2007.05537 . Bibcode:2020AJ....160..120J. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/aba592 .
  15. ↑ Heintz, W. D. (1988). "Photographic Astrometry of Binary and Proper-Motion Stars. IV". The Astronomical Journal. 96: 1072. Bibcode:1988AJ.....96.1072H. doi:10.1086/114867.
  16. ↑ Naef, D.; et al. (2003). "The ELODIE survey for northern extra-solar planets II. A Jovian planet on a long-period orbit around GJ 777 A". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 410 (3): 1051–1054. arXiv: astro-ph/0306586 . Bibcode:2003A&A...410.1051N. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20031341. S2CID   14853884.
  17. 1 2 3 Vogt, Steven S.; et al. (2005). "Five New Multicomponent Planetary Systems" (PDF). The Astrophysical Journal. 632 (1): 638–658. Bibcode:2005ApJ...632..638V. doi:10.1086/432901. S2CID   16509245. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-07-22. Retrieved 2020-09-05.
  18. ↑ Feng, Fabo; Butler, R Paul; Jones, Hugh R A.; Phillips, Mark W.; Vogt, Steven S.; Oppenheimer, Rebecca; Holden, Bradford; Burt, Jennifer; Boss, Alan P. (2021). "Optimized modelling of Gaia–Hipparcos astrometry for the detection of the smallest cold Jupiter and confirmation of seven low-mass companions". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 507 (2): 2856–2868. arXiv: 2107.14056 . Bibcode:2021MNRAS.507.2856F. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stab2225 .
  19. 1 2 Giovinazzi, Mark R.; Fitzmaurice, Evan; Gupta, Arvind F.; Robertson, Paul; Mahadevan, Suvrath; Ford, Eric B.; Alvarado-Montes, Jaime A.; Bender, Chad F.; Blake, Cullen H.; Dong, Jiayin; Fernandes, Rachel B.; Halverson, Samuel; Han, Te; Kanodia, Shubham; Krolikowski, Daniel M.; Logsdon, Sarah E.; Ninan, Joe P.; Roy, Arpita; Schwab, Christian; Stefansson, Gudmundur; Terrien, Ryan C.; Wright, Jason T. (2025). "The NEID Earth Twin Survey. IV. Confirming an 89 d, $m\sin i=10~\mathrm{M_\oplus}$ Planet Orbiting a Nearby Sun-like Star". arXiv: 2508.18169 [astro-ph.EP].
  20. ↑ (in Russian) http://www.cplire.ru/rus/ra&sr/VAK-2004.html Archived 2019-05-30 at the Wayback Machine
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