Kepler-28

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Kepler-28
Kepler-28.jpg
Kepler-28 compared to the Sun
Observation data
Epoch J2000       Equinox J2000
Constellation Cygnus [1]
Right ascension 19h 28m 32.8905s [2]
Declination +42° 25′ 45.959″ [2]
Apparent magnitude  (V)15.036 [3]
Characteristics
Spectral type M0V [4]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−26.99±6.00 [2] km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: −0.463(21) mas/yr [2]
Dec.: 11.691(21) mas/yr [2]
Parallax (π)2.2537±0.0185  mas [2]
Distance 1,450 ± 10  ly
(444 ± 4  pc)
Details
Mass 0.684±0.026 [5]   M☉
Radius 0.664±0.013 [5]   R☉
Temperature 4499±75 [5]   K
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.17±0.11 [4]   dex
Rotation 17.951±0.016 days [6]
Rotational velocity (v sin i)0.6 [3]  km/s
Age 2.2 [7]   Gyr
Other designations
KOI-870, KIC 6949607, 2MASS J19283288+4225459 [8]
Database references
SIMBAD data
KIC data

Kepler-28 is an M-type main-sequence star about 1,450 light-years (440 parsecs ) away in the northern constellation of Cygnus. [2] With an apparent visual magnitude of 15.036, [3] this star is too faint to be seen with the naked eye. It is orbited by two exoplanets.

Planetary system

The two transiting planets of Kepler-28 were discovered in 2011 using the Kepler space telescope, and were confirmed in early 2012. [9] They are both warm sub-Neptune gas planets. [7] The planetary parameters were updated in 2023, with lower values for all of mass, radius, and density compared to previous estimates. [5]

The Kepler-28 planetary system [4] [5]
Companion
(in order from star)		 Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)		 Orbital period
(days)		 Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b 1.63+0.51
−0.40  M🜨 		0.0625.91213(17)<0.08—1.959+0.043
−0.042  R🜨
c2.06+0.70
−0.52  M🜨 		0.0818.98597(27)0.017+0.023
−0.014		—1.857±0.042  R🜨

References

  1. ↑ Roman, Nancy G. (1987). "Identification of a constellation from a position". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific . 99 (617): 695. Bibcode:1987PASP...99..695R. doi: 10.1086/132034 . Constellation record for this object at VizieR.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv: 2208.00211 . Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243940 . S2CID   244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  3. 1 2 3 Kepler-28b, NASA Ames Research Center, archived from the original on 2012-05-03, retrieved 2011-12-06
  4. 1 2 3 Muirhead, Philip S.; Hamren, Katherine; et al. (May 2012). "Characterizing the Cool Kepler Objects of Interests. New Effective Temperatures, Metallicities, Masses, and Radii of Low-mass Kepler Planet-candidate Host Stars". The Astrophysical Journal Letters . 750 (2): L37. arXiv: 1109.1819 . Bibcode:2012ApJ...750L..37M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/750/2/L37.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Leleu, A.; Delisle, J.-B.; et al. (January 2023). "Removing biases on the density of sub-Neptunes characterised via transit timing variations. Update on the mass-radius relationship of 34 Kepler planets". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 669: A117. arXiv: 2207.07456 . Bibcode:2023A&A...669A.117L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244132.
  6. ↑ McQuillan, A.; Mazeh, T.; Aigrain, S. (2013). "Stellar Rotation Periods of The Kepler objects of Interest: A Dearth of Close-In Planets Around Fast Rotators". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 775 (1). L11. arXiv: 1308.1845 . Bibcode: 2013ApJ...775L..11M . doi: 10.1088/2041-8205/775/1/L11 .
  7. 1 2 Cubillos, Patricio; Erkaev, Nikolai V.; Juvan, Ines; Fossati, Luca; Johnstone, Colin P.; Lammer, Helmut; Lendl, Monika; Odert, Petra; Kislyakova, Kristina G. (2016), "An overabundance of low-density Neptune-like planets", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 466 (2): 1868–1879, arXiv: 1611.09236 , Bibcode:2017MNRAS.466.1868C, doi: 10.1093/mnras/stw3103 , S2CID   119408956
  8. ↑ "Kepler-28". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 10 January 2017.
  9. ↑ Steffen, Jason H.; Fabrycky, Daniel C.; Ford, Eric B.; Carter, Joshua A.; Desert, Jean-Michel; Fressin, Francois; Holman, Matthew J.; Lissauer, Jack J.; Moorhead, Althea V.; Rowe, Jason F.; Ragozzine, Darin; Welsh, William F.; Batalha, Natalie M.; Borucki, William J.; Buchhave, Lars A.; Bryson, Steve; Caldwell, Douglas A.; Charbonneau, David; Ciardi, David R.; Cochran, William D.; Endl, Michael; Everett, Mark E.; Gautier III, Thomas N.; Gilliland, Ron L.; Girouard, Forrest R.; Jenkins, Jon M.; Horch, Elliott; Howell, Steve B.; Isaacson, Howard; et al. (2012), Transit Timing Observations from Kepler: III. Confirmation of 4 Multiple Planet Systems by a Fourier-Domain Study of Anti-correlated Transit Timing Variations, arXiv: 1201.5412 , Bibcode:2012MNRAS.421.2342S, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20467.x , S2CID   11898578
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