Kepler-23

Last updated
Kepler-23
Kepler-23.jpg
Kepler-23 compared to the Sun
Observation data
Epoch J2000       Equinox J2000
Constellation Cygnus [1]
Right ascension 19h 36m 52.5355s [2]
Declination +49° 28 45.253 [2]
Apparent magnitude  (V)13.547 [3]
Characteristics
Spectral type G2V [3]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−26.97±2.38 [2]  km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: 2.275(12)  mas/yr [2]
Dec.: 3.879(14)  mas/yr [2]
Parallax (π)1.1395 ± 0.0101  mas [2]
Distance 2,860 ± 30  ly
(878 ± 8  pc)
Details
Mass 1.078±0.077 [4]   M
Radius 1.548±0.048 [4]   R
Luminosity ~2.3 [5]   L
Surface gravity (log g)4.00±0.14 [5]   cgs
Temperature 5828±100 [4]   K
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.09±0.14 [5]   dex
Age 4-8 [5]   Gyr
Other designations
Gaia DR2  2135019107451751168, KOI-168, KIC  11512246, GSC  03564-01806, 2MASS J19365254+4928452 [3]
Database references
SIMBAD data
KIC data

Kepler-23 is a G-type main-sequence star about 2,860 light-years (880 parsecs ) away in the northern constellation of Cygnus, the swan. With an apparent visual magnitude of 13.5, [3] it is too faint to be seen with the naked eye. This star is similar in mass and temperature to the Sun, but is larger and more luminous. [5] [4] Kepler-23 is orbited by three known exoplanets. [6]

Planetary system

Three transiting exoplanets orbit this star, discovered using the Kepler space telescope. Two planets, Kepler-23b and Kepler-23c, were discovered in 2011 and were confirmed in 2012. [5] A third planet, Kepler-23d, was confirmed in 2014 as part of a study validating hundreds of Kepler candidates. [7] All three planets are between Earth and Neptune in size (sub-Neptunes), and their masses have been measured via transit-timing variations, showing that they have lower densities than Earth. [4]

The Kepler-23 planetary system [8] [4]
Companion
(in order from star)
Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)
Orbital period
(days)
Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b 2.56+0.43
−0.40
  M🜨
0.0757.106995(73)0.017+0.019
−0.014
1.638±0.047  R🜨
c 7.81+1.32
−1.20
  M🜨
0.09910.742434(39)0.021+0.009
−0.014
3.005±0.074  R🜨
d4.44+1.30
−1.21
  M🜨
0.12415.27429(17)0.010+0.014
−0.008
2.206±0.057  R🜨

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kepler-223</span> G5V star in the constellation Cygnus

Kepler-223 is a G5V star with an extrasolar planetary system discovered by the Kepler mission. Studies indicate that the Kepler-223 star system consists of 4 planets orbiting the star.

Kepler-18 is a star with almost the same mass as the Sun in the Cygnus constellation.

Kepler-33 is a star about 4,000 light-years in the constellation of Cygnus, with a system of five known planets. Having just begun to evolve off from the main sequence, its radius and mass are difficult to ascertain, although data available in 2020 shows its best-fit mass of 1.3M and radius of 1.6R are compatible with a model of a subgiant star.

Kepler-80, also known as KOI-500, is a red dwarf star of the spectral type M0V. This stellar classification places Kepler-80 among the very common, cool, class M stars that are still within their main evolutionary stage, known as the main sequence. Kepler-80, like other red dwarf stars, is smaller than the Sun, and it has both radius, mass, temperatures, and luminosity lower than that of our own star. Kepler-80 is found approximately 1,223 light years from the Solar System, in the stellar constellation Cygnus, also known as the Swan.

Kepler-32 is an M-type main sequence star located about 1053 light years from Earth, in the constellation of Cygnus. Discovered in January 2012 by the Kepler spacecraft, it shows a 0.58 ± 0.05 solar mass (M), a 0.53 ± 0.04 solar radius (R), and temperature of 3900.0 K, making it half the mass and radius of the Sun, two-thirds its temperature and 5% its luminosity.

Kepler-24 is a star in the northern constellation of Lyra. It is located at the celestial coordinates: Right Ascension 19h 21m 39.1857s, Declination +38° 20′ 37.450″. With an apparent visual magnitude of 15.5, this star is too faint to be seen with the naked eye.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kepler-26</span> Star in the constellation Lyra

Kepler-26 is a star in the northern constellation of Lyra. It is located at the celestial coordinates: Right Ascension 18h 59m 45.8408s Declination +46° 33′ 59.438″. With an apparent visual magnitude of 15.5, this star is too faint to be seen with the naked eye.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kepler-138</span> Red dwarf in the constellation Lyra

Kepler-138, also known as KOI-314, is a red dwarf located in the constellation Lyra, 219 light years from Earth. It is located within the field of vision of the Kepler spacecraft, the satellite that NASA's Kepler Mission used to detect planets transiting their stars.

Kepler-30 is a star in the northern constellation of Lyra. It is located at the celestial coordinates: Right Ascension 19h 01m 08.0746s Declination +38° 56′ 50.218″. With an apparent visual magnitude of 15.5, this star is too faint to be seen with the naked eye. Kepler-30 is exhibiting a strong starspot activity.

Kepler-31 is a star in the northern constellation of Cygnus, the swan. It is orbited by three known exoplanets. It is located at the celestial coordinates: Right Ascension 19h 36m 05.5270s, Declination +45° 51′ 11.108″. With an apparent visual magnitude of 14.0, this star is too faint to be seen with the naked eye.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kepler-27</span> G-type star in the constellation Cygnus

Kepler-27 is a star in the northern constellation of Cygnus, the swan. It is located at the celestial coordinates: Right Ascension 19h 28m 56.81962s, Declination +41° 05′ 09.1405″. With an apparent visual magnitude of 15.855, this star is too faint to be seen with the naked eye.

Kepler-28 is a star in the northern constellation of Cygnus., It is orbited by two exoplanets. It is located at the celestial coordinates: Right Ascension 19h 28m 32.8905s, Declination +42° 25′ 45.959″. With an apparent visual magnitude of 15.036, this star is too faint to be seen with the naked eye.

Kepler-29 is a Sun-like star in the northern constellation of Cygnus. It is located at the celestial coordinates: Right Ascension 19h 53m 23.6018s, Declination +47° 29′ 28.437″. With an apparent visual magnitude of 15.456, this star is too faint to be seen with the naked eye. It is a solar analog, having a close mass, radius, and temperature as the Sun. Currently the age of the star has not been determined due to its 2780 light-year distance. As of 2016 no Jovian exoplanets of 0.9–1.4 MJ have been found at a distance of 5 AU.

Kepler-45, formerly known as KOI-254, is a star in the northern constellation of Cygnus. It is located at the celestial coordinates: right ascension 19h 31m 29.495s, declination +41° 03′ 51.37″. With an apparent visual magnitude of 16.88, this star is too faint to be seen with the naked eye.

Kepler-296 is a binary star system in the constellation Draco. The primary star appears to be a late K-type main-sequence star, while the secondary is a red dwarf.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">KOI-256</span> Double star in the constellation Cygnus

KOI-256 is a double star located in the constellation Cygnus approximately 575 light-years (176 pc) from Earth. While observations by the Kepler spacecraft suggested the system contained a gas giant exoplanet orbiting a red dwarf, later studies determined that KOI-256 was a binary system composed of the red dwarf orbiting a white dwarf.

Kepler-23c is a Neptune-sized exoplanet orbiting the star Kepler-23, located in the constellation Cygnus. The planet is 3.12 times wider than the Earth and is 0.189 Jupiter masses. The planet was discovered using data taken from the Kepler spacecraft. It is likely a gas giant.

Kepler-160 is a main-sequence star approximately the width of our Galactic arm away in the constellation Lyra, first studied in detail by the Kepler Mission, a NASA-led operation tasked with discovering terrestrial planets. The star, which is very similar to the Sun in mass and radius, has three confirmed planets and one unconfirmed planet orbiting it.

References

  1. "Cygnus – constellation boundary", The Constellations, International Astronomical Union , retrieved 2011-12-15
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv: 2208.00211 . Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243940 . S2CID   244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "Kepler-23". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 31 January 2018.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Leleu, A.; Delisle, J.-B.; et al. (January 2023). "Removing biases on the density of sub-Neptunes characterised via transit timing variations. Update on the mass-radius relationship of 34 Kepler planets". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 669: A117. arXiv: 2207.07456 . Bibcode:2023A&A...669A.117L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244132.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Ford, Eric B.; Fabrycky, Daniel C.; Steffen, Jason H.; Carter, Joshua A.; Fressin, Francois; Holman, Matthew J.; Lissauer, Jack J.; Moorhead, Althea V.; Morehead, Robert C.; Ragozzine, Darin; Rowe, Jason F.; Welsh, William F.; Allen, Christopher; Batalha, Natalie M.; Borucki, William J.; Bryson, Stephen T.; Buchhave, Lars A.; Burke, Christopher J.; Caldwell, Douglas A.; Charbonneau, David; Clarke, Bruce D.; Cochran, William D.; Désert, Jean-Michel; Endl, Michael; Everett, Mark E.; Fischer, Debra A.; Gautier III, Thomas N.; Gilliland, Ron L.; Jenkins, Jon M.; et al. (2012), "Transit Timing Observations Fromkepler. Ii. Confirmation of Two Multiplanet Systems Via a Non-Parametric Correlation Analysis", The Astrophysical Journal, 750 (2): 113, arXiv: 1201.5409 , Bibcode:2012ApJ...750..113F, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/750/2/113, S2CID   4528963
  6. "Kepler-23 Overview". NASA Exoplanet Archive . Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  7. Rowe, Jason F.; Bryson, Stephen T.; Marcy, Geoffrey W.; Lissauer, Jack J.; Jontof-Hutter, Daniel; Mullally, Fergal; Gilliland, Ronald L.; Issacson, Howard; Ford, Eric; Howell, Steve B.; Borucki, William J.; Haas, Michael; Huber, Daniel; Steffen, Jason H.; Thompson, Susan E.; Quintana, Elisa; Barclay, Thomas; Still, Martin; Fortney, Jonathan; Gautier III, T. N.; Hunter, Roger; Caldwell, Douglas A.; Ciardi Edna Devore, David R.; Cochran, William; Jenkins, Jon; Agol, Eric; Carter, Joshua A.; Geary, John (2014), Validation of Kepler's Multiple Planet Candidates. III: Light Curve Analysis & Announcement of Hundreds of New Multi-planet Systems, arXiv: 1402.6534 , Bibcode:2014ApJ...784...45R, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/784/1/45, S2CID   119118620
  8. Van Eylen, Vincent; Albrecht, Simon (2015), "Eccentricity from Transit Photometry: Small Planets in Kepler Multi-Planet Systems Have Low Eccentricities", The Astrophysical Journal, 808 (2): 126, arXiv: 1505.02814 , Bibcode:2015ApJ...808..126V, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/808/2/126, S2CID   14405731