Kepler-23

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Kepler-23
Kepler-23.jpg
Kepler-23 compared to the Sun
Observation data
Epoch J2000       Equinox J2000
Constellation Cygnus [1]
Right ascension 19h 36m 52.5355s [2]
Declination +49° 28′ 45.253″ [2]
Apparent magnitude  (V)13.547 [3]
Characteristics
Spectral type G2V [3]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−26.97±2.38 [2] km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: 2.275(12) mas/yr [2]
Dec.: 3.879(14) mas/yr [2]
Parallax (π)1.1395±0.0101  mas [2]
Distance 2,860 ± 30  ly
(878 ± 8  pc)
Details
Mass 1.078±0.077 [4]   M☉
Radius 1.548±0.048 [4]   R☉
Luminosity ~2.3 [5]   L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.00±0.14 [5]   cgs
Temperature 5828±100 [4]   K
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.09±0.14 [5]   dex
Age 4-8 [5]   Gyr
Other designations
Gaia DR2 2135019107451751168, KOI-168, KIC 11512246, GSC 03564-01806, 2MASS J19365254+4928452 [3]
Database references
SIMBAD data
KIC data

Kepler-23 is a G-type main-sequence star about 2,860 light-years (880 parsecs ) away in the northern constellation of Cygnus, the swan. With an apparent visual magnitude of 13.5, [3] it is too faint to be seen with the naked eye. This star is similar in mass and temperature to the Sun, but is larger and more luminous. [5] [4] Kepler-23 is orbited by three known exoplanets. [6]

Planetary system

Three transiting exoplanets orbit this star, discovered using the Kepler space telescope. Two planets, Kepler-23b and Kepler-23c, were discovered in 2011 and were confirmed in 2012. [5] A third planet, Kepler-23d, was confirmed in 2014 as part of a study validating hundreds of Kepler candidates. [7] All three planets are between Earth and Neptune in size (sub-Neptunes), and their masses have been measured via transit-timing variations, showing that they have lower densities than Earth. [4]

The Kepler-23 planetary system [8] [4]
Companion
(in order from star)		 Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)		 Orbital period
(days)		 Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b 2.56+0.43
−0.40  M🜨 		0.0757.106995(73)0.017+0.019
−0.014		—1.638±0.047  R🜨
c 7.81+1.32
−1.20  M🜨 		0.09910.742434(39)0.021+0.009
−0.014		—3.005±0.074  R🜨
d4.44+1.30
−1.21  M🜨 		0.12415.27429(17)0.010+0.014
−0.008		—2.206±0.057  R🜨

References

  1. ↑ Roman, Nancy G. (1987). "Identification of a constellation from a position". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific . 99 (617): 695. Bibcode:1987PASP...99..695R. doi: 10.1086/132034 . Constellation record for this object at VizieR.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv: 2208.00211 . Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243940 . S2CID   244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "Kepler-23". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 31 January 2018.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Leleu, A.; Delisle, J.-B.; et al. (January 2023). "Removing biases on the density of sub-Neptunes characterised via transit timing variations. Update on the mass-radius relationship of 34 Kepler planets". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 669: A117. arXiv: 2207.07456 . Bibcode:2023A&A...669A.117L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244132.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Ford, Eric B.; Fabrycky, Daniel C.; Steffen, Jason H.; Carter, Joshua A.; Fressin, Francois; Holman, Matthew J.; Lissauer, Jack J.; Moorhead, Althea V.; Morehead, Robert C.; Ragozzine, Darin; Rowe, Jason F.; Welsh, William F.; Allen, Christopher; Batalha, Natalie M.; Borucki, William J.; Bryson, Stephen T.; Buchhave, Lars A.; Burke, Christopher J.; Caldwell, Douglas A.; Charbonneau, David; Clarke, Bruce D.; Cochran, William D.; Désert, Jean-Michel; Endl, Michael; Everett, Mark E.; Fischer, Debra A.; Gautier III, Thomas N.; Gilliland, Ron L.; Jenkins, Jon M.; et al. (2012), "Transit Timing Observations Fromkepler. Ii. Confirmation of Two Multiplanet Systems Via a Non-Parametric Correlation Analysis", The Astrophysical Journal, 750 (2): 113, arXiv: 1201.5409 , Bibcode:2012ApJ...750..113F, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/750/2/113, S2CID   4528963
  6. ↑ "Kepler-23 Overview". NASA Exoplanet Archive . Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  7. ↑ Rowe, Jason F.; Bryson, Stephen T.; Marcy, Geoffrey W.; Lissauer, Jack J.; Jontof-Hutter, Daniel; Mullally, Fergal; Gilliland, Ronald L.; Issacson, Howard; Ford, Eric; Howell, Steve B.; Borucki, William J.; Haas, Michael; Huber, Daniel; Steffen, Jason H.; Thompson, Susan E.; Quintana, Elisa; Barclay, Thomas; Still, Martin; Fortney, Jonathan; Gautier III, T. N.; Hunter, Roger; Caldwell, Douglas A.; Ciardi Edna Devore, David R.; Cochran, William; Jenkins, Jon; Agol, Eric; Carter, Joshua A.; Geary, John (2014), Validation of Kepler's Multiple Planet Candidates. III: Light Curve Analysis & Announcement of Hundreds of New Multi-planet Systems, arXiv: 1402.6534 , Bibcode:2014ApJ...784...45R, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/784/1/45, S2CID   119118620
  8. ↑ Van Eylen, Vincent; Albrecht, Simon (2015), "Eccentricity from Transit Photometry: Small Planets in Kepler Multi-Planet Systems Have Low Eccentricities", The Astrophysical Journal, 808 (2): 126, arXiv: 1505.02814 , Bibcode:2015ApJ...808..126V, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/808/2/126, S2CID   14405731
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