Windjammer

For other uses, see Windjammer (disambiguation).

Main article: Iron-hulled sailing ship

Four-masted, iron-hulled barque Herzogin Cecilie —one of the fastest windjammers built

A windjammer is a commercial sailing ship with multiple masts, however rigged. The informal term "windjammer" arose during the transition from the Age of Sail to the Age of Steam during the 19th century. The Oxford English Dictionary records the term "wind jammer" with reference to a ship from 1878 and nautical use of "windjamming" from 1886. ^[1] The word has evolved to include passenger cruise ships. ^{[2] [3]}

Etymology

A New England windjammer—the Luther Little , a four-masted schooner—just after its construction in 1917

The word "windjammer" has a variety of associations, both nautical and not. In the late 19th century the term was pejorative, as used by sailors aboard steamships. ^[4]

• In 1892, Rudder Magazine said in a story, "The deck hands on the liners contemptuously refer to [sailing vessels] as 'wind-jammers'." ^[4]
• In 1917, the American Dialect Society recorded residents of the U.S. state of Maine referring to fore-and-aft sailing vessels as "windjammers" in a list of regional word usages. ^[5]
• The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea calls windjammer "a non-nautical name by which square-rigged sailing ships are sometimes known". ^[6]
• The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military calls windjammer "a merchant sailing ship". ^[7]
• The following languages have adopted "windjammer" as a loanword from English in reference to sailing ships:
  • Czech: windjammer ^[8]
  • Dutch: windjammer ^[9]
  • German: Windjammer ^{[10] [11]}
  • Japanese: ウィンドジャマー ^[12]
  • Polish: windjammer ^[13]
  • Russian: винджаммер ^[14]
  • Serbo-Croatian: виндјамер or vindjamer ^[15]
  • Ukrainian: вінджамер

• Green's Dictionary of Slang has a variety of non-nautical definitions for the term. ^[16]

Examples

Windjammers

Full-rigged ship

Barque

Barquentine

Schooner

Showing three-masted examples, progressing from square sails on each to all fore-and-aft sails on each.

Any of the following ships may be called a "windjammer":

• Barque ^[7]
• Barquentine ^[7]
• Brig ^{[6] [7]}
• Brigantine ^[7]
• Clipper ship ^{[7] [17]}
• Full-rigged ship ^{[6] [7]}
• Iron-hulled sailing ship ^{[7] [18] [19]}
• Sail-powered cruise ship ^{[20] [21]}
• Schooner ^{[7] [5]}

In literature

Windjammers have figured prominently in both historical and fictional literature. Some examples include:

• Allen, Oliver E. (1978). The Windjammers . Amsterdam: Time-Life Books. ISBN   9780705406253.
• Lubbock, Basil (1953). The Last of the Windjammers. Brown, Son & Ferguson.
• Noppen, Ryan K. (2015). German Commerce Raiders 1914–18. Bloomsbury. ISBN   9781472809513.
• Richardson, V. A. (2006). The House of Windjammer. Bloomsbury USA. ISBN   9781582349848.
• Runciman, Walter Sr. (1902). Windjammers and Sea Tramps. London: At the Unicorn.
• Simpson, Paul W. (2017). Windjammer. Lulu. ISBN   9780244305727.^{[ self-published source? ]}
• Thomas, Lowell (2013). The Sea Devil: The Story Of Count Felix Von Luckner, The German War Raider. Read Books. ISBN   9781446548196.

References

1. "windjammer" . Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press.(Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
2. Laird, Scott (2022-04-12). "A Windjammer Cruise on Penobscot Bay Is the Best Way to Experience Maine's Coast". Condé Nast Traveler. Retrieved 2022-07-13.
3. Crowell, Ed (2003). Barefoot pirate : the tall ships and tales of Windjammer. Robert W. Schachner. [New York]: Orion Press. ISBN   0-7570-0128-9. OCLC   52985865.
4. "wind, n.1", OED Online, Oxford University Press, retrieved 2019-06-25
5. Chase, George D. (1917). "Lists from Maine". Dialect Notes. 1. Vol. IV. American Dialect Society.
6. Dear, I. C. B. DearI C. B.; Kemp, Peter (2007-01-01), Kemp, Peter; Dear, I. C. B. (eds.), "Windjammer" , The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199205684.001.0001, ISBN   9780199205684 , retrieved 2019-06-24
7. "Windjammer" , The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military, Oxford University Press, 2001, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199891580.001.0001, ISBN   9780199891580 , retrieved 2019-06-24
8. "windjammer - Czech translation - bab.la English-Czech dictionary". en.bab.la. Retrieved 2019-06-28.
9. Van Veen, Pieter A. F.; Van der Sijs, Nicoline (1997). "Windjammer". Etymologisch woordenboek: de herkomst van onze woorden. Utrecht Antwerpen: Van Dale Lexicografie.
10. Hueber; Bönzli, Werner (2009). Mit Deutsch durchs Jahr: Sprachkalender Deutsch (in German). Hueber Verlag. ISBN   9783190079209.
11. Penzkofer, Markus (2017-09-27). Thematisches Wörterbuch Deutsch-Englisch (2): Aufbauwortschatz (in German). BoD – Books on Demand. ISBN   9783744822619.
12. Nguyen, Nam H. (2018-02-03). Essential 120000 English-Japanese Words Dictionary (in Japanese). Nam H Nguyen.
13. Milewski, Szymon; Zadrożna, T. (1965). Maritime dictionary Polish-English. Wydawn. Naukowo-Techniczne.
14. "Винджаммер - translation - Russian-English Dictionary". Glosbe. Retrieved 2019-06-27.
15. "Виндјамер - translation - Serbian-English Dictionary". Glosbe. Retrieved 2019-06-27.
16. Green, Jonathon (2011), "Windjammer" , Green's Dictionary of Slang, Chambers Harrap Publishers, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199829941.001.0001, ISBN   9780199829941 , retrieved 2019-06-24
17. Simpson, Paul W. (2017-05-11). Windjammer. Lulu Press, Inc. ISBN   9780244305727.
18. Historian), Tom Bennett (Shipwreck (2016-11-24). Bells from Shipwrecks -after 1830: Victorian and Modern Ship's Bells. TOM Bennett.
19. Marsden, Ben (2015-07-28). Uncommon Contexts: Encounters Between Science and Literature, 1800–1914. Routledge. ISBN   9781317320357.
20. Williams, Deborah (September 1999). "Windjammin' in Maine". Cruise Travel. Cruise Travel.
21. Kerr, Jim (September 1994). "Fantome—Setting sail for romance with Windjammer Barefoot Cruises". Cruise Travel. Cruise Travel.