45th Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia | |
---|---|
44th ← → 46th | |
Parliament House (2017) | |
30 August 2016 – 11 April 2019 | |
Members | 76 senators 150 representatives |
Senate Leader | George Brandis (until 20 December 2017) Mathias Cormann (from 20 December 2017) |
Senate President | Stephen Parry (until 2 November 2017) Scott Ryan (from 13 November 2017) |
House Leader | Christopher Pyne |
House Speaker | Tony Smith |
Sessions | |
1st: 30 August 2016 – 4 April 2019 | |
Australiaportal |
The 45th Parliament of Australia was a meeting of the legislative branch of the Australian federal government, composed of the Australian Senate and the Australian House of Representatives. It met in Canberra from 30 August 2016 to 4 April 2019. The 2016 general election held on 2 July gave the Coalition of the Liberal and National Parties control of the House, albeit with a slimmer majority than the 44th Parliament, allowing their leader Malcolm Turnbull to stay in office as the 29th Prime Minister of Australia. During the term of the parliament, the government slipped into minority due to defections and by-elections. The leadership of the government also changed during the parliament, when Scott Morrison replaced Turnbull as Liberal Leader and Prime Minister in August 2018. The 45th Parliament was officially prorogued by the Governor-General Sir Peter Cosgrove at 8:29 a.m. on 11 April 2019, and the House of Representatives dissolved at 8:30 a.m. [1]
At the 2016 federal election, in the 150-seat House of Representatives, the incumbent Coalition government was reelected with 76 seats, a majority of one seat. The Labor opposition won 69 seats. Five other MPs were elected to the crossbench, with the Greens, the Nick Xenophon Team, Katter's Australian Party, and independents Andrew Wilkie and Cathy McGowan winning a seat each.
Party | Votes | % | Swing | Seats | Change | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Australian Labor Party | 4,702,296 | 34.73 | +1.35 | 69 | 14 | ||
Coalition | 5,693,605 | 42.04 | −3.51 | 76 | 14 | ||
Liberal Party of Australia | 3,882,905 | 28.67 | −3.35 | 45 | 13 | ||
Liberal National Party (QLD) | 1,153,736 | 8.52 | −0.40 | 21 | 1 | ||
National Party of Australia | 624,555 | 4.61 | +0.32 | 10 | 1 | ||
Country Liberal Party (NT) | 32,409 | 0.24 | −0.08 | 0 | 1 | ||
Australian Greens | 1,385,650 | 10.23 | +1.58 | 1 | |||
Nick Xenophon Team | 250,333 | 1.85 | +1.85 | 1 | 1 | ||
Katter's Australian Party | 72,879 | 0.54 | −0.50 | 1 | |||
Palmer United Party | 315 | 0.00 | −5.49 | 0 | 1 | ||
Others | 1,436,023 | 10.60 | +4.78 | 2 [lower-alpha 1] | |||
Total | 13,541,101 | 150 | |||||
Two-party-preferred vote | |||||||
Liberal/National Coalition | 6,818,824 | 50.36 | −3.13 | 76 | 14 | ||
Australian Labor Party | 6,722,277 | 49.64 | +3.13 | 69 | 14 | ||
Invalid/blank votes | 131,722 | 4.70 | −0.86 | ||||
Total votes | 14,262,016 | ||||||
Registered voters/turnout | 15,671,551 | 91.01 | –2.22 | ||||
Source: Federal Election 2016 |
In the 76-seat Senate, following the double dissolution election, the Coalition government was returned with 30 seats, and the Labor opposition obtained 26 seats. The crossbench consisted of 20 senators: the Greens winning 9 seats, One Nation winning 4 seats, the Nick Xenophon Team winning 3 seats, and the Liberal Democratic Party, Derryn Hinch's Justice Party, Family First Party and Jacqui Lambie Network each winning one seat.
In the time elapsed between the 2016 election and the following federal election, many parliamentarians resigned from their seats, while some were disqualified by the High Court of Australia. The parliamentary eligibility crisis involving dual citizenship was responsible for a significant portion of these departures, although the cases of Barnaby Joyce and John Alexander only left brief vacancies due to their prompt returns in by-elections. Some individual parliamentarians also made an impact by changing their party membership or independent status.
Seat | Before | Change | After | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | Type | Date | Date | Member | Party | |||
Vic (Senate) | Stephen Conroy | Labor | Resignation | 30 September 2016 | 25 October 2016 | Kimberley Kitching | Labor | ||
SA (Senate) | Bob Day | Family First | Resignation, disqualification | 1 November 2016 | 19 April 2017 | Lucy Gichuhi | Family First | ||
WA (Senate) | Rod Culleton | One Nation | Departure from party | 18 December 2016 | Rod Culleton | Independent | |||
Independent | Disqualification | 11 January 2017 | 27 March 2017 | Peter Georgiou | One Nation | ||||
SA (Senate) | Cory Bernardi | Liberal | Formation of new party | 7 February 2017 | Cory Bernardi | Conservatives | |||
SA (Senate) | Lucy Gichuhi | Family First | Refusal to join party merger | 3 May 2017 | Lucy Gichuhi | Independent | |||
WA (Senate) | Scott Ludlam | Greens | Resignation, disqualification | 14 July 2017 | 10 November 2017 | Jordon Steele-John | Greens | ||
Qld (Senate) | Larissa Waters | Greens | 18 July 2017 | 10 November 2017 | Andrew Bartlett | Greens | |||
WA (Senate) | Chris Back | Liberal | Resignation | 31 July 2017 | 16 August 2017 | Slade Brockman | Liberal | ||
Qld (Senate) | Malcolm Roberts | One Nation | Disqualification | 27 October 2017 | 10 November 2017 | Fraser Anning | One Nation | ||
New England | Barnaby Joyce | National | 2 December 2017 | Barnaby Joyce (re-elected) | National | ||||
NSW (Senate) | Fiona Nash | National | 22 December 2017 | Jim Molan | Liberal | ||||
SA (Senate) | Nick Xenophon | Xenophon Team | Resignation | 31 October 2017 | 14 November 2017 | Rex Patrick | Xenophon Team | ||
Tas (Senate) | Stephen Parry | Liberal | Resignation, disqualification | 2 November 2017 | 9 February 2018 | Richard Colbeck | Liberal | ||
Bennelong | John Alexander | Liberal | Resignation | 11 November 2017 | 16 December 2017 | John Alexander (re-elected) | Liberal | ||
Tas (Senate) | Jacqui Lambie | Lambie Network | Resignation, disqualification | 14 November 2017 | 9 February 2018 | Steve Martin | Independent | ||
SA (Senate) | Skye Kakoschke-Moore | Xenophon Team | 22 November 2017 | 16 February 2018 | Tim Storer | Independent | |||
Qld (Senate) | Fraser Anning | One Nation | Departure from party | 15 January 2018 | Fraser Anning | Independent | |||
NSW (Senate) | Sam Dastyari | Labor | Resignation | 25 January 2018 | 14 February 2018 | Kristina Keneally | Labor | ||
Batman | David Feeney | Labor | Resignation | 1 February 2018 | 17 March 2018 | Ged Kearney | Labor | ||
SA (Senate) | Lucy Gichuhi | Independent | Party membership | 2 February 2018 | Lucy Gichuhi | Liberal | |||
Qld (Senate) | George Brandis | LNP | Resignation | 8 February 2018 | 21 March 2018 | Amanda Stoker | LNP | ||
ACT (Senate) | Katy Gallagher | Labor | Disqualification | 9 May 2018 | 23 May 2018 | David Smith | Labor | ||
Perth | Tim Hammond | Labor | Resignation | 10 May 2018 | 28 July 2018 | Patrick Gorman | Labor | ||
Braddon | Justine Keay | Labor | Resignation | Justine Keay (re-elected) | Labor | ||||
Fremantle | Josh Wilson | Labor | Josh Wilson (re-elected) | Labor | |||||
Longman | Susan Lamb | Labor | Susan Lamb (re-elected) | Labor | |||||
Mayo | Rebekha Sharkie | Centre Alliance | 11 May 2018 | Rebekha Sharkie (re-elected) | Centre Alliance | ||||
Tas (Senate) | Steve Martin | Independent | Party membership | 28 May 2018 | Steve Martin | National | |||
Qld (Senate) | Fraser Anning | Independent | Party membership | 4 June 2018 | Fraser Anning | Katter's Australian | |||
NSW (Senate) | Brian Burston | One Nation | Departure from party | 14 June 2018 | Brian Burston | Independent | |||
Independent | Party membership | 18 June 2018 | United Australia | ||||||
NSW (Senate) | Lee Rhiannon | Greens | Resignation | 15 August 2018 | Mehreen Faruqi | Greens | |||
Qld (Senate) | Andrew Bartlett | Greens | Resignation | 27 August 2018 | 6 September 2018 | Larissa Waters | Greens | ||
Wentworth | Malcolm Turnbull | Liberal | Resignation | 31 August 2018 | 20 October 2018 | Kerryn Phelps | Independent | ||
Qld (Senate) | Fraser Anning | Katter's Australian | Departure from party | 25 October 2018 | Fraser Anning | Independent | |||
Chisholm | Julia Banks | Liberal | Departure from party | 27 November 2018 | Julia Banks | Independent | |||
Tas (Senate) | David Bushby | Liberal | Resignation | 21 January 2019 | 6 March 2019 | Wendy Askew | Liberal | ||
Vic (Senate) | Jacinta Collins | Labor | Resignation | 15 February 2019 | Raff Ciccone | Labor | |||
NSW (Senate) | David Leyonhjelm | Liberal Democrats | Resignation | 1 March 2019 | 20 March 2019 | Duncan Spender | Liberal Democrats | ||
Qld (Senate) | Fraser Anning | Independent | Formation of new party | 4 April 2019 | Fraser Anning | Conservative National Party | |||
ACT (Senate) | David Smith | Labor | Resignation | 11 April 2019 | vacant | ||||
SA (Senate) | Cory Bernardi | Conservatives | Party deregistration | 24 June 2019 [lower-alpha 2] | Cory Bernardi | Independent |
The Australian Greens (AG), commonly referred to simply as the Greens, are a confederation of green state and territory political parties in Australia. As of the 2022 federal election, the Greens are the third largest political party in Australia by vote and the fourth-largest by elected representation. The leader of the party is Adam Bandt, with Mehreen Faruqi serving as deputy leader. Larissa Waters currently holds the role of Senate leader.
The Family First Party was a conservative political party in Australia which existed from 2002 to 2017. It was founded in South Australia where it enjoyed its greatest electoral support. Since the demise of the Australian Conservatives into which it merged, it has been refounded in that state as the Family First Party (2021), where it contested the state election in 2022, but failed to win a seat.
The Division of Mayo is an Australian electoral division located to the east and south of Adelaide, South Australia. Created in the state redistribution of 3 September 1984, the division is named after Helen Mayo, a social activist and the first woman elected to an Australian University Council. The 9,315 km2 rural seat covers an area from the Barossa Valley in the north to Cape Jervis in the south. Taking in the Adelaide Hills, Fleurieu Peninsula and Kangaroo Island regions, its largest population centre is Mount Barker. Its other population centres are Aldgate, Bridgewater, Littlehampton, McLaren Vale, Nairne, Stirling, Strathalbyn and Victor Harbor, and its smaller localities include American River, Ashbourne, Balhannah, Brukunga, Carrickalinga, Charleston, Cherry Gardens, Clarendon, Crafers, Cudlee Creek, Currency Creek, Delamere, Echunga, Forreston, Goolwa, Gumeracha, Hahndorf, Houghton, Inglewood, Kersbrook, Kingscote, Langhorne Creek, Lobethal, Macclesfield, McLaren Flat, Meadows, Middleton, Milang, Mount Compass, Mount Pleasant, Mount Torrens, Mylor, Myponga, Normanville, Norton Summit, Oakbank, Penneshaw, Piccadilly, Port Elliot, Second Valley, Springton, Summertown, Uraidla, Willunga, Woodchester, Woodside, Yankalilla, and parts of Birdwood, Old Noarlunga and Upper Sturt.
Nicholas James McKim is an Australian politician, currently a member of the Australian Senate representing Tasmania. He was previously a Tasmanian Greens member of the Tasmanian House of Assembly elected at the 2002 election, representing the Franklin electorate from 2002 to 2015, and led the party from 2008 until 2014. On 21 April 2010, he became the first member of the Greens in any Australian ministry. From February 2020 until June 2022, he served as co-deputy leader of the Australian Greens.
Scott Ludlam is a New Zealand-born Australian former politician. A member of the Australian Greens, he was a senator in the Australian Senate from July 2008 to July 2017 and served as deputy leader of the Greens. Ludlam represented the state of Western Australia and resigned when it was found that he had been ineligible to sit in the Senate due to holding dual citizenship of New Zealand and Australia.
Section 44 of the Australian Constitution lists the grounds for disqualification on who may become a candidate for election to the Parliament of Australia. It has generally arisen for consideration by the High Court sitting in its capacity as the Court of Disputed Returns.
The 2013 Australian federal election to elect the members of the 44th Parliament of Australia took place on Saturday 7 September 2013. The centre-right Liberal/National Coalition opposition led by Opposition leader Tony Abbott of the Liberal Party of Australia and Coalition partner the National Party of Australia, led by Warren Truss, defeated the incumbent centre-left Labor Party government of Prime Minister Kevin Rudd in a landslide. It was also the third time in history that a party won 90 or more seats at an Australian election. Labor had been in government for six years since being elected in the 2007 election. This election marked the end of the Rudd-Gillard-Rudd Labor government and the start of the 9 year long Abbott-Turnbull-Morrison Liberal-National Coalition government. Abbott was sworn in by the Governor-General, Quentin Bryce, as Australia's new prime minister on 18 September 2013, along with the Abbott Ministry. The 44th Parliament of Australia opened on 12 November 2013, with the members of the House of Representatives and territory senators sworn in. The state senators were sworn in by the next Governor-General Peter Cosgrove on 7 July 2014, with their six-year terms commencing on 1 July.
Larissa Joy Waters is an Australian politician. She is a member of the Australian Greens and has served as a Senator for Queensland since 2018. She previously served in the Senate from 2011 to 2017, resigning during the parliamentary eligibility crisis due to her holding Canadian citizenship in violation of Section 44 of the Constitution of Australia. Waters serves as her party's Senate leader, in office since February 2020. She previously served as co-deputy leader from May 2015 to July 2017 and again from December 2018 to June 2022.
This is a list of members of the Australian Senate between 2011 and 2014. Half of the state senators had been elected at the November 2007 election and had terms due to finish on 30 June 2014; the other half of the state senators were elected at the August 2010 election and had terms due to finish on 30 June 2017. The territory senators were elected at the August 2010 election and their terms ended at the next federal election, which was September 2013. The new Senate first met in July 2011, with state senators elected in 2010 sworn in on 4 July 2011.
This is a list of members of the Australian House of Representatives of the 45th Parliament of Australia (2016–2019).
This is a list of members of the Australian Senate following the 2016 Australian federal election held on 2 July 2016. The election was held as a consequence of a double dissolution in which both houses of parliament were dissolved. Ordinarily, only half of the senators terms end at each election. In this case, all 76 senators were elected. At the first sitting following the election, half of the senators representing each of the six states of Australia were allocated six-year terms to end on 30 June 2022, with the remainder allocated three-year terms to end on 30 June 2019. The terms of senators from the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory end on the day of the next federal election.
The 2016 Australian federal election in the Senate was part of a double dissolution election held on Saturday 2 July to elect all 226 members of the 45th Parliament of Australia, after an extended eight-week official campaign period. It was the first double dissolution election since the 1987 election and the first under a new voting system for the Senate that replaced group voting tickets with optional preferential voting.
Lucy Muringo Gichuhi is an Australian politician who served as a Senator for South Australia from 2017 to 2019. Born in Kenya, Gichuhi worked as an accountant before entering politics. Gichuhi is a social conservative who has been vocally opposed to the legalization of same-sex marriage.
Starting in July 2017, the eligibility of several members of the Parliament of Australia was questioned. Referred to by some as a "constitutional crisis", fifteen sitting politicians were ruled ineligible by the High Court of Australia or resigned pre-emptively. The situation arose from section 44(i) of the Australian Constitution, which prohibits parliamentarians from having allegiance to a foreign power, especially citizenship. On that basis, the High Court had previously held that dual citizens are ineligible for election unless they have taken "reasonable steps" to renounce the foreign citizenship before nomination.
Re Canavan; Re Ludlam; Re Waters; Re Roberts [No 2]; Re Joyce; Re Nash; Re Xenophon is a set of cases, heard together by the High Court of Australia sitting as the Court of Disputed Returns, arising from doubts as to the eligibility of a number of members of Parliament to be elected to Parliament because of section 44(i) of the Constitution.
A by-election for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Bennelong was held on 16 December 2017.
The July 2018 Australian federal by-elections, known colloquially as Super Saturday, were five by-elections held on 28 July 2018, to fill vacancies in the Australian House of Representatives caused by the resignations in May 2018 of five MPs. Three MPs of the Australian Labor Party and the Centre Alliance's sole MP resigned due to dual citizenship concerns after the High Court ruled on 8 May 2018 that Senator Katy Gallagher was ineligible to have been elected to the Australian Senate for being a dual citizen, in similar circumstances to four of the lower house MPs. Labor MP for Perth Tim Hammond resigned for family reasons on the same day, causing the first time ever that five by-elections would be held on the same day in Australia. All sitting MPs apart from Hammond re-contested and won the ensuing by-elections.
Leadership spills of the federal parliamentary leadership of the Liberal Party of Australia were held on 21 and 24 August 2018 and were called by the incumbent leader of the party, Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull.
This is a list of electoral results for the Australian Senate in South Australia since Federation in 1901.