Bromley London Borough Council elections

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A map showing the wards of Bromley from 2002 until 2022 Bromley London UK labelled ward map 2002.svg
A map showing the wards of Bromley from 2002 until 2022

Bromley London Borough Council is the local authority for the London Borough of Bromley. The council is elected every four years.

Contents

Political control

The first election to the council was held in 1964, initially operating as a shadow authority before the new system came into full effect the following year. Political control of the council since 1964 has been held by the following parties:

ElectionOverall Control Conservative Labour Lib Dem UKIP Ind/Localist
1964 Conservative 28157--
1968 Conservative 5253--
1971 Conservative 41154--
1974 Conservative 44142--
1978 Conservative 4812---
1982 Conservative 5253--
1986 Conservative 44106--
1990 Conservative 43116--
1994 Conservative 32721--
1998 No overall control 28725--
2002 Conservative 41613--
2006 Conservative 4947--
2010 Conservative 5334--
2014 Conservative 517-2-
2018 Conservative 508--2
2022 Conservative 36125-5

Council elections

Borough result maps

By-election results

1964-1968

Darwin by-election, 11 May 1967 [4]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative Christopher Knox-Johnston80949.7
Liberal Joyce M Cater77547.6
Labour Gustav C White432.6
Turnout

1968-1971

Bickley by-election, 27 June 1968 [1]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative J. Smith1,977
Liberal W. R. Edwards250
Labour E. Leys183
Turnout 22.7
Petts Wood by-election, 27 June 1968 [1]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative K. J. Harding3,165
Liberal Keith H. Lock2,010
Labour J. R. Constable188
Turnout 41.3
Shortlands by-election, 27 June 1968 [1]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative Bernard E. G. Davis1,130
Liberal J. Bratt150
Labour Christopher Gaster130
Turnout 17.9
Chelsfield by-election, 29 May 1969 [1]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative Jean Tatham 1,634
Liberal S. D. Ellingworth1,579
Labour G. Fielding109
Turnout 49.9
St Mary Cray by-election, 29 May 1969 [1]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Liberal Roy Edey1,292
Conservative S. M. N. Gready869
Labour S. T. Lack371
Turnout 49.9
Eden Park by-election, 20 November 1969 [1]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative J. E. Swatton1,185
Liberal Ian Phillips382
Labour Christopher Gaster186
Turnout 29.0
St Paul's Cray by-election, 5 February 1970 [1]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Labour Edgar C. H. Smith1,367
Conservative Albert E. Stayte665
Liberal J. Fudonger283
Turnout 20.4
St Paul's Cray by-election, 31 July 1970 [1]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Labour D. W. Edwards1,511
Conservative Albert E. Stayte507
Liberal J. J. Hart166
Turnout 17.5
St Mary Cray by-election, 3 December 1970 [1]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Labour John Spellar 1,180
Liberal Michael Edwardes-Evans988
Conservative G. S. Edwards618
Turnout 28.2

1971-1974

Penge by-election, 8 July 1971 [5]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Labour Arthur J. Mansfield1,156
Conservative R. C. Carter504
Liberal William Huckin488
Turnout 27.6
St Paul's Cray by-election, 22 July 1971 [5]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Labour M. L. Wilson1,809
Conservative Albert E. Stayte417
Liberal A. M. Parfitt249
Turnout 19.0
Bickley by-election, 11 November 1971 [5]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative L. Sellers1,597
Labour J. Wood535
Liberal Paul Nash188
Turnout 20.7
Chelsfield by-election, 18 November 1971 [5]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative D. E. Johnson1,400
Liberal F. B. Kirby1,369
Labour M. J. E. Healy220
Turnout 38.6
St Mary Cray by-election, 18 May 1972 [5]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Labour Peter Tozer2,473
Conservative J. A. Collins1,013
Liberal Kathleen Tarbolton820
Turnout 38.5
Martins Hill & Town by-election, 24 May 1973 [5]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative D. S. Reid1,020
Labour Gordon Yates799
Liberal M. M. Coulson682
Turnout 24.2
West Wickham North by-election, 24 May 1973 [5]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative P. C. Read1,052
Liberal Peter A. Dodsworth956
Labour Robert Armstrong140
Turnout 28.6
West Wickham South by-election, 24 May 1973 [5]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative B. G. Cope1,218
Liberal Jeremy V. Cope635
Labour John Holbrook317
Turnout 27.4

1974-1978

Farnborough by-election, 4 July 1974 [2]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative Jennifer Hillier2,067
Liberal Keith O. M. Challis949
Labour Philip R. Edwards368
Turnout 27.9
Petts Wood by-election, 4 July 1974 [2]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative Alan S. Cornish2,272
Liberal Edward Babbs1,555
Labour Antoni M. Ziolkowski392
Turnout 36.3
Keston & Hayes by-election, 30 January 1975 [2]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative Philip Jones1,898
Liberal Brian Taylor1,713
Labour Peter W. Rance377
Turnout 35.3
Lawrie Park & Kent House by-election, 6 March 1975 [2]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative John A. M. Lewis894
Labour Janet I. Ambrose741
Liberal Adrian G. Chapman298
Turnout 31.9
Shortlands by-election, 6 March 1975 [2]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative John A. Stewart1,830
Liberal Ian Phillips291
Labour Jan Pollert81
Turnout 26.3
Biggin Hill by-election, 2 October 1975 [2]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative Michael J. Hughes1,307
Liberal George H. Dunk596
Labour Roy E. Hodsdon529
Turnout 35.0
Darwin by-election, 2 October 1975 [2]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative Marion Roe 828
Liberal Derek J. Goldsmith551
Labour Keith Galley93
Turnout 52.0
St Paul's Cray by-election, 23 October 1975 [2]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Labour Derek A. Wood1,886
Conservative Albert E. Stayte773
Liberal Nicholas J. Rowden373
Turnout 24.4
Farnborough by-election, 22 January 1976 [2]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative Peter G. Nash2,823
Liberal Keith O. M. Challis1,804
Labour Philip R. Edwards392
Turnout 40.5
West Wickham South by-election, 30 September 1976 [2]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative Leslie G. Whitman1,664
Liberal Alan G. Sewell538
Labour Richard J. Cox303
Turnout 31.8
Shortlands by-election, 24 March 1977 [2]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative Brian R. Reading2,462
Liberal Phillip Khan-Panni292
Labour Pauline M. Jones212
Turnout 34.7

1978-1982

Bickley 26 July 1979
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative Margaret Moir 1,695 62.6
Liberal Peter Hardie-Bick42315.6
Labour George W Bulline30511.3
Ecology Peter J Greenwood28610.6
Majority1,27247.0
Turnout 2,70924.9
Conservative hold

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr Hector McDonald

Crofton 4 October 1979
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative Richard J Inniss 1,376 53.9
Liberal Sandra E Ward87234.2
Labour Hilary U Powell1967.7
Ecology Peter J Greenwood1074.2
Majority50419.7
Turnout 2,55131.5
Conservative hold

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr Keith Grieve

Petts Wood & Knoll 19 June 1980
PartyCandidateVotes%
Independent Peter Woods 2,155 41.52
Conservative Stewart K Hopcraft1,42527.46
Liberal Byrom Lees1,16322.41
Labour Rosalie Huzzard3496.72
Ecology John W Taylor981.89
Majority73014.06
Turnout 5,19042.95
Independent gain from Conservative

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr Alan Cornish

Petts Wood & Knoll 30 October 1980
PartyCandidateVotes%
Independent Maureen Huntley 2,442 55.49
Conservative Stewart K Hopcraft1,19927.24
Liberal Byrom Lees55312.57
Labour Rosalie Huzzard2074.70
Registered electors 12,163
Majority1,24328.25
Turnout 4,40136.18
Independent gain from Conservative

The by-election was called following the death of Cllr Don Adams

1982-1986

Bromley Common & Keston, 11 August 1983
PartyCandidateVotes%
Liberal Robert H Smith 1,738 50.5
Conservative Robert G Straker1,32438.5
Labour Mark Cole37711.0
Majority41412.0
Turnout 3,43926.4
Liberal gain from Conservative

The by-election was called following the death of Cllr Colin English

Copers Cope, 12 April 1984
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative Christopher Elgar 1,410 63.5
SDP Phyllis S Vickers50922.9
Labour Eric H Turner25511.5
BNP Andrew T Shotton472.1
Majority90140.6
Turnout 2,22135.0
Conservative hold

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr John Pritchard

Bickley, 21 March 1985
PartyCandidateVotes%
Liberal Ervin G Muller 1,773 49.0
Conservative John M H Sibley1,60244.3
Labour Doris Partridge2436.7
Majority1714.7
Turnout 3,61833.6
Liberal gain from Conservative

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr Maurice Kenward

Chislehurst, 28 March 1985
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative Joan Wykes 2,225 53.22
SDP Muriel A Letman1,41833.92
Labour Sheila G Donn49111.74
BNP Alfred Waite471.12
Majority80719.30
Registered electors 12,744
Turnout 4,18132.81
Conservative hold

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr Edward Rayner

1986-1990

Chelsfield & Goddington, 7 May 1987 [6]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative Bruce G Panes 3,570 52.78
Liberal Margaret Howell2,73640.45
Labour Trevor E Phillips4586.77
Majority83412.33
Registered electors 12,192
Turnout 6,76455.48
Conservative hold

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr Joseph Heath

Bromley Common & Keston, 14 April 1988
PartyCandidateVotes%
Liberal Democrats Paul Booth 2,100 50.34
Conservative Catherine Bustard1,68840.46
Labour Peter G Warner3849.20
Majority4129.88
Registered electors 12,884
Turnout 4,17232.4
Liberal Democrats hold

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr Robert Smith

Penge, 21 April 1988
PartyCandidateVotes%
Labour Patricia Mansfield 1,258 54.08
Conservative Celia A Manson54923.60
Liberal Democrats Richard Boultbee51922.31
Majority70930.5
Registered electors 7,383
Turnout 31.56
Labour hold

The by-election was called following the death of Cllr Arthur Mansfield

St Paul's Cray, 21 April 1988
PartyCandidateVotes%
Labour Corinna Smart 1,848 51.2
Liberal Democrats Thomas Hawthorne80522.3
Conservative Bernard J Cobley78021.6
SDP Terence C Simpson1744.8
Majority1,04328.9
Turnout 3,60729.6
Labour hold

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr Ira Walters

Petts Wood & Knoll, 6 April 1989
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative Anthony M Owen 2,368 52.6
Liberal Democrats Harry Silvester1,32529.4
Labour Susan Polydorou45010.0
SDP Christopher W Taylor3618.0
Majority1,04323.2
Turnout 4,50437.5
Conservative hold

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr Michael Edwards

1990-1994

West Wickham North by-election, 26 March 1992 [7]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative Caroline Hubbard1,81056.7
Liberal Democrats Jennifer Fitch1,15636.2
Labour Susan O'Dwyer1544.8
SDP Richard J. Cox481.5
Liberal Carmel Martin230.7
Majority65420.5
Turnout 45.3
Conservative hold

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr Montague Blazey.

Chelsfield & Goddington by-election, 13 May 1993 [7]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Liberal Democrats Graem Peters3,93169.2
Conservative Anthony Youd1,29122.7
Labour Charles Hailes3706.5
Green Nicola Ellingham881.5
Majority2,64046.5
Turnout 48.3
Liberal Democrats gain from Conservative

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr Reginald Adams.

1994-1998

Kelsey Park by-election, 20 October 1994 [8]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative Roderick A. Reed1,544
Liberal Democrats Edward Whitaker910
Labour Deborah Russell330
Independent Colin C. Cole55
Liberal George L. Whitehorn15
Turnout
Conservative hold

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr Stephen Oxenbridge.

Bickley by-election, 18 April 1996 [8]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative Gordon Jenkins2,263
Liberal Democrats David Dear1,929
Labour Kelly Galvin549
Liberal Ian Richmond80
Turnout
Conservative hold

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr David Dear.

1998-2002

Bickley by-election, 29 October 1998 [3]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative John Gallop1,82857.4−2.0
Liberal Democrats Derek Gambell1,11034.9+10.6
Labour Alfred Parish1815.7−10.6
National Front Kevin Lowne401.3+1.3
Liberal Elizabeth Steele250.8+0.8
Majority 71822.5
Turnout 3,18430.2
Conservative hold Swing

The by-election was called following the death of Cllr Sheila Humphreys.

Bromley Common & Keston by-election, 1 July 1999 [3]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Stephen Carr1,75446.6
Liberal Democrats Lennard Woods1,68344.7
Labour George Johnstone1955.2
Independent Gary Badgett812.2
Green Adrian Appley491.3
Majority 711.9
Turnout 3,76231.1
Conservative gain from Liberal Democrats Swing

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr Paul Booth. [9]

Farnborough by-election, 24 February 2000 [3]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Timothy Stevens1,46051.9−8.6
Liberal Democrats Robert Evans1,19542.4+22.5
Labour Christopher Price812.9−7.5
UKIP Robert Bryant431.5−7.8
Green Ann Garrett371.3+1.3
Majority 2659.5
Turnout 2,81639.5
Conservative hold Swing

The by-election was called following the death of Cllr Eric Goodman.

Chelsfield and Goddington by-election, 5 July 2001 [3]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Julian Grainger2,48052.9+10.8
Liberal Democrats Michael Oldman2,12245.2−3.3
Labour Peter Lisle881.9−7.5
Majority 3587.7
Turnout 4,69040.1
Conservative gain from Liberal Democrats Swing

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr Graem Peters. [10]

Mottingham by-election, 5 July 2001 [3]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Charles Rideout74649.2+11.9
Labour Elizabeth Johnstone68945.5−4.8
Liberal Democrats Derek Gambell805.3−7.1
Majority 573.7
Turnout 1,51524.6
Conservative gain from Labour Swing

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr Robert Yeldham.

2002-2006

There were no by-elections. [11]

2006-2010

Crystal Palace by-election, 6 September 2007 [12]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Democrats Tom Papworth1,05149.7+2.5
Labour Kevin C. Brooks53725.4+1.5
Conservative Jason M. Hadden39818.8+3.5
Green Karen A. Moran1296.1−7.5
Majority 51424.3
Turnout 2,11524.7
Liberal Democrats hold Swing

The by-election was called following the death of Cllr Christopher Gaster. [13]

2010-2014

Shortlands by-election, 20 October 2011 [14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative David Jefferys1,48059.4+2.9
Liberal Democrats Anuja Prashar49019.6−8.1
Labour Gareth Davies25610.2−2.6
UKIP Emmett Jenner1536.1+6.1
Green Anna Martin753.0+3.0
BNP Michael Payne351.4−5.8
Majority 99039.8
Turnout 2,489
Conservative hold Swing

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr George Taylor. [14]

Bromley Town by-election, 3 May 2012 [15] [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Nicky Dykes2,48445.4+3.9
Liberal Democrats Sam Webber1,13720.8−1.6
Labour Angela Stack1,05119.2−0.7
Green Ann Garrett4047.4−2.1
UKIP Owen Brolly3977.3+0.6
Majority 1,34724.6
Turnout 5,473
Conservative hold Swing

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr Diana MacMull. [17]

2014-2018

There were no by-elections from 2014 to 2018. [18]

2018-2022

Kelsey and Eden Park by-election, 29 November 2018 [19] [20]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Christine Harris162645.2+0.8
Labour Marie Bardsley104629.1+1.7
Liberal Democrats Julie Ireland63317.6+2.7
UKIP Graham Reakes2196.1+2.4
Green Paul Enock732.0−7.6
Turnout 359729.17
Conservative hold Swing

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr Dave Wibberley. [21]

Crystal Palace by-election, 6 May 2021 [22]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Ryan Thomson2,23553.1−3.8
Green Maria Psaras82019.5+3.2
Conservative Tom Capon78318.6+5.9
Liberal Democrats Suraj Gandecha3708.8−6.3
Turnout 4,208
Labour hold Swing

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr Marina Ahmad. [23]

2022-2026

Hayes and Coney Hall by-election, 7 December 2023 [24]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Josh Coldspring-White1,54148.0+5.3
Labour Susan Moore96230.0+3.8
Liberal Democrats Tudor Griffiths52616.4+1.9
Green Sarah Chant1835.7−10.9
Majority 57918.0
Turnout 3,212
Conservative hold Swing

The by-election was called following the death of Cllr Andrew Lee. [25]

Shortlands and Park Langley by-election, 2 May 2024 [26]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Gemma Turrell2,83542.4−2.5
Labour Charlotte Grievson2,00530.0−0.6
Liberal Democrats Gita Bapat83612.5−8.9
Reform Edward Apostolides4176.2+3.1
Green Louis Goddard-Glen3745.6+5.6
Independent Brendan Donegan2193.3+3.3
Majority 83012.4
Turnout 6,686
Conservative hold Swing

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr Aisha Cuthbert. [27]

Bromley Common and Holwood by-election, 24 July 2025 [28]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Reform Alan Cook 1,34234.0
Conservative Ian Payne1,16129.4
Labour Elizabeth Morgan72018.2
Liberal Democrats Laura McCracken54013.7
Green Ruth Fabricant1854.7
Majority 1814.6
Turnout 3,94828%
Reform gain from Conservative

The by-election was called following the death of Conservative councillor Jonathan Laidlaw. [29]

References

  1. ↑ The Greater London, Kent and Surrey Order, 1968
  2. ↑ The Bromley and Greenwich (London Borough Boundaries) Order 1993
  3. ↑ The Bromley and Lewisham (London Borough Boundaries) Order 1993
  4. ↑ The Bromley, Croydon, Lambeth, Lewisham and Southwark (London Borough Boundaries) Order 1993
  5. ↑ The Greater London and Surrey (County and London Borough Boundaries) Order 1993
  6. ↑ The Greater London, Kent and Surrey (County Boundaries) Order 1993
  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "London Borough Council Elections 13 May 1971" (PDF). London Datastore. Greater London Council. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 January 2015. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 "London Borough Council Elections 4 May 1978" (PDF). London Datastore. Greater London Council. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "London Borough Council Elections 2 May 2002" (PDF). London Datastore. Greater London Authority. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
  4. ↑ Sevenoaks Chronicle and Kentish Advertiser
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "London Borough Council Elections 2 May 1974" (PDF). London Datastore. Greater London Council. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 February 2015. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
  6. ↑ "London Borough Council Elections - 3rd May 1990" (PDF). London Datastore. London Research Centre. p. 145. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 January 2016. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
  7. 1 2 "London Borough Council By-elections May 1990 to May 1994" (PDF). London Datastore. London Research Centre. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 8 March 2015.
  8. 1 2 "London Borough Council Elections 7 May 1998 including the Greater London Authority Referendum results" (PDF). London Datastore. London Research Centre. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2015. Retrieved 8 March 2015.
  9. ↑ "Booth quits, prompting by-election". Bromley and Beckenham Times. 27 May 1999. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
  10. ↑ "Resignation changes balance of power". News Shopper. 30 May 2001. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
  11. ↑ "London Borough Council Elections 4 May 2006" (PDF). London Datastore. Greater London Authority. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
  12. ↑ "London Borough Council Elections 6 May 2010" (PDF). London Datastore. Greater London Authority. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
  13. ↑ "Council stalwart dies after serving 36 years". Your Local Guardian. 27 July 2007. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
  14. 1 2 "Local Elections Archive Project — Shortlands Ward". www.andrewteale.me.uk. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
  15. ↑ local_council_by-election_in_bromley_town_ward
  16. ↑ "London Borough Council Elections 22 May 2014" (PDF). London Datastore. Greater London Authority. Retrieved 26 February 2015.
  17. ↑ Fisk, Robert (28 March 2012). "Councillor's resignation leads to Bromley Town by-election". News Shopper. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
  18. ↑ "London Borough Council Elections - 3rd May 2018" (PDF). London Datastore. Greater London Authority. p. 30. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
  19. ↑ "Kelsey and Eden Park ward by-election 2018". Bromley Council. Bromley Council. Archived from the original on 12 November 2018. Retrieved 10 November 2018.
  20. ↑ "Kelsey and Eden Park by-election results". Bromley Council. Bromley Council. Retrieved 30 November 2018.
  21. ↑ Bull, Tom (30 November 2018). "Conservatives win Bromley Council by-election in Kelsey and Eden Park". News Shopper. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
  22. ↑ "Crystal Palace by-election, 2021". Bromley Council. Bromley Council. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
  23. ↑ Russell, Herbie (2 November 2022). "'Austerity had me shouting at the TV': Marina Ahmad is bidding to be the next MP for Camberwell and Peckham". Southwark News. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
  24. ↑ "Local Elections Archive Project — Hayes and Coney Hall Ward". www.andrewteale.me.uk. Retrieved 10 February 2024.
  25. ↑ Coughlan, Joe (13 October 2023). "'Outstanding' Bromley councillor who fulfilled 'life-long wish' dies suddenly". News Shopper. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
  26. ↑ "Local Elections Archive Project — Shortlands and Park Langley Ward". www.andrewteale.me.uk. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
  27. ↑ Harbert, Joe (18 March 2024). "Candidate quits post to focus on general election bid". Kent Online. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
  28. ↑ "Bromley Common and Holwood Ward By-Election 2025". www.bromley.gov.uk. Retrieved 29 July 2025.
  29. ↑ "Reform UK wins first London election in Bromley Common and Holwood by-election". kentonline.co.uk. 25 July 2025. Retrieved 29 July 2025.
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